formation, routing, and maintenance protocols for the bluering scatternet of bluetooths formation,...

Formation, Routing, and Maintenance ProtocFormation, Routing, and Maintenance Protocols ols for the BlueRing Scatternet of Bluetfor the BlueRing Scatternet of Bluetoothsooths

Ting-Yu Lin, Yu-Chee Tseng, Keng-Ming Chang and Chun-Liang TuHawaii Int’l Conf. on System Sciences (HICSS), 2003.

speaker ： Chi-Chih Wu

OutlineOutline

• IntroductionIntroduction• The BlueRing Formation ProtocolThe BlueRing Formation Protocol• The BlueRing Routing ProtocolThe BlueRing Routing Protocol• The BlueRing Maintenance ProtocolThe BlueRing Maintenance Protocol• Analysis and Simulation ResultsAnalysis and Simulation Results• ConclusionsConclusions

• Review of BluetoothReview of Bluetooth– MasterMaster– SlaveSlave– PiconetPiconet– ScatternetScatternet– RelayRelay– Operational ModesOperational Modes

• ActiveActive• SniffSniff• HoldHold• ParkPark

– Frequency-Hopping ChannelFrequency-Hopping Channel

Introduction(1/3)Introduction(1/3)

1

43

2

5

6

7

Introduction(2/3)Introduction(2/3)• BlueRingBlueRing

– Scatternet StructureScatternet Structure• A Cycle of PiconetsA Cycle of Piconets

– Similar to the IEEE 802.5 token-ringSimilar to the IEEE 802.5 token-ring– BridgeBridge ： ： relay packetsrelay packets

• SniffSniff• HoldHold• ParkPark

Introduction(3/3)Introduction(3/3)• BlueRingBlueRing

– BlueRing Architecture’s FeaturesBlueRing Architecture’s Features•Stateless (no routing table)Stateless (no routing table)•Scalable to median-sizeScalable to median-size(50-70(50-70 devices)devices) scatternet scatternet

– Focuses of the PaperFocuses of the Paper•PAN (personal area network)PAN (personal area network)• IndoorIndoor•Low-powerLow-power•Low-complexityLow-complexity•Short-rangeShort-range

The BlueRing Formation Protocol(1/The BlueRing Formation Protocol(1/3)3)

• Network ArchitectureNetwork Architecture– A Cycle of PiconetsA Cycle of Piconets– DirectionDirection ：： clock-wiseclock-wise– Upstream PiconetUpstream Piconet– Downstream PiconetDownstream Piconet– Upstream BridgeUpstream Bridge– Downstream BridgeDownstream Bridge– Assume that all Bluetooth devices are Assume that all Bluetooth devices are within the within the

radio coverage of each otherradio coverage of each other

1

23

4

6

5

Inquiry ： P4

Inquiry Scan ： 1-P4

Inquiry ： P2

Inquiry Scan ： 1-P2

The BlueRing Formation Protocol(2/The BlueRing Formation Protocol(2/3)3)

• Initial FormationInitial Formation

Inquiry ： P1

Inquiry Scan ： 1-P1

LEADER

The BlueRing Formation Protocol(3/The BlueRing Formation Protocol(3/3)3)

• Initial FormationInitial Formation

MASTER1 2

3

14

16

5

11

6

13

15

4

7

9

8

1210

MASTER

MASTER

MASTER

MASTER

MASTER

Leader

The BlueRing Routing Protocol(1/The BlueRing Routing Protocol(1/5)5)• Packet Relaying ProceduresPacket Relaying Procedures

– Relay bitRelay bit• Packet needs to be RelayedPacket needs to be Relayed

– Dirty bitDirty bit• Master touches packetMaster touches packet

– DADA(dest BD_ADDR)(dest BD_ADDR)

– SASA(source BD_ADDR)(source BD_ADDR)

Access Access CodeCode

HeaderHeader PayloadPayload

PayloaPayload d headerheader

Relay bitRelay bit Dirty Dirty bitbit

Payload (data)Payload (data)

PayloaPayload d headerheader

RelaRelay bity bit

DirtDirty bity bit

DA(dest BDA(dest BD_ADDR)D_ADDR)

SA(source SA(source BD_ADDBD_ADDR)R)

Payload (data)Payload (data)

1 1

1 1 48 48

PACKET

Single-hop communication

multi-hop communication

The BlueRing Routing Protocol(2/The BlueRing Routing Protocol(2/5)5)

The BlueRing Routing Protocol(3/The BlueRing Routing Protocol(3/5)5)

The BlueRing Routing Protocol(4/The BlueRing Routing Protocol(4/5)5)

ssdd

Payload Payload headerheader

11 00 dddd ssss Payload (data)Payload (data)

Payload Payload headerheader

11 11 dddd ssss Payload (data)Payload (data)

Payload Payload headerheader

11 11 dddd ssss Payload (data)Payload (data)

Payload Payload headerheader

11 11 dddd ssss Payload (data)Payload (data)

Payload Payload headerheader

11 11 dddd ssss Payload (data)Payload (data)

Payload Payload headerheader

00 11 dddd ssss Payload (data)Payload (data)

relayrelay dirtydirty DADA SASA

The BlueRing Routing Protocol(5/The BlueRing Routing Protocol(5/5)5)• Bridging PolicyBridging Policy

– TTbb ：： threshold value in a bridgethreshold value in a bridge– TTmm ：： threshold value in a masterthreshold value in a master– TToutout ：： timeout value to switch piconettimeout value to switch piconet

• From Upstream to DownstreamFrom Upstream to Downstream– Exceeds TExceeds Tbb– TToutout expires expires

• From Downstream to UpstreamFrom Downstream to Upstream– Buffered packets have been drainedBuffered packets have been drained– Exceeds TExceeds Tmm

master

birdge

master

Piconet B

Piconet A

The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(1The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(1/3)/3)

• Single-Point FailureSingle-Point Failure– A Control Bit Called A Control Bit Called

DirectionDirection– OptionalOptional

• A List of Destination A List of Destination AddressesAddresses

s

dPayload Payload headerheader

RelaRelay y bitbit

Dirty Dirty bitbit

Direction Direction bitbit

DADA SASA Payload Payload (data)(data)

The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(2The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(2/3)/3)

• Multi-Point FailureMulti-Point Failure– GIACGIAC– DIACDIAC11 and DIAC and DIAC22

• 63 reserved DIACs63 reserved DIACs– No two critical points fail simultaneouslyNo two critical points fail simultaneously– BirdgeBirdge Missing Missing– Master MissingMaster Missing– PiconetPiconet Splitting Splitting

• Split_request packetSplit_request packet

The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(2The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(2/3)/3)

The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(2The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(2/3)/3)

The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(3The BlueRing Maintenance Protocol(3/3)/3)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(1/8)Results(1/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(2/8)Results(2/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(3/8)Results(3/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(4/8)Results(4/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(5/8)Results(5/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(6/8)Results(6/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(7/8)Results(7/8)

Analysis and Simulation Analysis and Simulation Results(8/8)Results(8/8)

ConclusionsConclusions

• Future WorksFuture Works– Analyzing the fault toleranceAnalyzing the fault tolerance– Devise mechanisms to deal with more than Devise mechanisms to deal with more than

one simultaneous failureone simultaneous failure– A real implementation of BlueRingA real implementation of BlueRing

DiscussionsDiscussions

• Routing HopsRouting Hops– Clock-wise DirectionClock-wise Direction

• Relay ProcedureRelay Procedure– QosQos

• Initial FormationInitial Formation– LeaderLeader– MasterMaster

• Maintenance ProtocolMaintenance Protocol