framework for the specification and standardization of data elements
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Framework for the Specification and Standardization of Data
Elements
Part1 of ISO/IEC 11179
by
Daniel W. Gillman, editor
Chairman, NCITS/L8
U.S. Bureau of the Census
ISO/IEC 11179
• 6 Parts
• Parts 3 - 6 are IS
• Parts 1 & 2 are CD
Parts of ISO/IEC 11179
• Part 1: Framework
• Part 2: Classification
• Part 3: Basic Attributes
• Part 4: Formulation of Definitions
• Part 5: Naming and Identification
• Part 6: Registration
Organization of Framework Document
• Definitions
• Fundamental Concepts
• Other parts
• Informative Annexes
Purpose
• Basic Information about Data
• Facilitates– Understanding– Sharing– Maintenance– Access– Manipulation– Processing
Data Element
• A fundamental unit of data an organization manages.
• A unit of data for which the definition, identification, representation, and permissible values are specified by means of a set of attributes.
Data Element
IdentifierDefinitionNameValue DomainEtc.
Data Element
IdentifierDefinitionNameValue DomainEtc.
Data Element
IdentifierDefinitionNameValue DomainEtc.
Database, File, Etc.
Record, Segment, Class, Tuple, Etc.
Field, Column, Etc.
Character, Image, Sound, Etc.
Database, File, Etc.
Transaction, Exchange Unit, Etc.
Fundamental Model
• Taken From Data Modeling
• 3 Components– object class– property– representation
Object Class
• Things for which we want to manage data
• Entities in E-R Models
• Classes in O-O Models
• Employers, Persons, Automobiles, Orders, etc.
Property
• A peculiarity common to all members of an object class.
• Distinguishes or Describes Objects
• Attributes or Data Members in Models
• SIC Code, Age, VIN, Date, etc.
Important Distinctions
• Object Class Name
• Property Name
• English vs. Chinese
• Complex Object Classes– Women Between 15 and 45 Who Had One
Live Birth in last 12 Months
Representation
• The combination of a value domain, datatype, and, if necessary, a unit of measure or a character set.
Definition: Value Domain
• A set of permissible values.
• Enumerated– Census State Codes
• Non-Enumerated– All Real Numbers Between 0 & 1
• List of SIC Codes, Integer 0 - 125,
• 17 Char Alpha-Num, YYYYMMDD
Value Domains
• Re-Use of Domains– SIC, NAICS, SOC Codes– Geographic Codes– Chemical Names– Biological Classification
Data Element Concept
• Object Class + Property
• Example: Annual Household Income
• Many Possible Representations– Non-Negative Integers– Categories
• 1 = 0 $15000
• 2 = $15001 $30000
• 3 = $30001 $60000
• 4 = $60001 +
DATA ELEMENT CONCEPT DATA ELEMENT
Property Property
Representation
(1:1) (1:1)
(1:1)
(1:N)
Object Class
(1:N)
Object Class
(1:N)
Object Class
Value Domain
Data Element
Data Element Concept
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