g10 fuels1

Draw the Fire Triangle

What are Fuels ?

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KuGizBjDXo

Fuels

• What do fuels need to burn ?

• If I burn a hydrocarbon what do I make ?

• Fuel is any material that stores energy that can later ...

• If I burn an alcohol what do I make ?

Oxygen

• Uses :-

• Welding

• medicine

Fossil Fuels

• List 5 fossil fuels

• What are products of combustion ?

• What other gases can be made ?

Comparing Fuels

Take 1 candle and record the mass.

Measure 100mls of water in to a glass beaker.

Burn the candle for 2 minutes beneath the water beaker.

Record the new mass of candle.

Record the temperature rise.

Global Warming

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QM-mfEMssy8

Starter

• Using the blog find the fractional distillation column – you have two minutes to remember the order of products.

Alkanes

• Saturated

• Single bonds

• CARBON ALWAYS HAS FOUR BONDS !

Alkenes

• Unsaturated

• Double Bonds

• CARBON ALWAYS HAS FOUR BONDS

Bromine Water Test

• Bromine reacts with double bonds only.

• If there are double bonds it changes from red to colourless

Friday Starter

• 5 fossil fuels

• 4 alkanes

• 3 alkenes

• 2 uses for crude oil

• 1 reason to be cheerful

Starter

14.3 Hydrocarbons

• Alkanes are generally used for energy via the process of combustion.

• The products with EXCESS Oxygen is ALWAYS

• The products with insufficient Oxygen is ALSO

• Why is this bad for life ?

Cracking

• Is the process of breaking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller useful alkanes and alkenes. These alkenes can be chemically altered further to produce more useful chemicals, e.g. plastics.

• (Blog review)

Start

• 5 products from the fractional distillation column

• 4 uses of alkenes

• 3 names of plastics

• 2 products of incomplete combustion

• 1 reason to like Thursday

Homologous Series

• Differs by one CH2 unit

• Similar chemical properties

• Gradation of physical properties

Ethene Reacts with

• Hydrogen

• Bromine

• Steam

Alcohols

• Complete combustion

• Solvent

• Fuel

Experiment

• Which produces most energy per gram ?

• Which produces most energy per mole ?

• What is the balanced equation for the combustion of each alcohol ?

• Is it possible that combustion is incomplete ? if so what are the dangers of this ?

Starter

• Write the balanced equation for the complete combustion of ethanol.

• Write the formula for the first 3 alkenes and name them

Macromolecules

• Monomers – this is a small molecule that can bond to other monomers to make a polymer.

• There are two types of monomers – those with a double bond and those with two functional groups the same in the same molecule.

• Polymer means many monomers bonded together.

• We can have addition polymerisation or condensation polymerisation.

Addition Polymerisation

• Ethene

• Propene

• Chloroethene

Condensation Polymerisation

• 1,6-diaminohexane with Hexane-1,6-dicaboxylic acid

Nylon Rope

• Condensation polymerisation

• How to Here http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y479OXBzCBQ

Past Paper Questions