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Gap Year, a Year On William S. McCulloch, M.Ed. Christine Cook, Ph.D. Tony Strange, Ed.D.
Gap Year, a Year On
http://www.forbes.com/sites/specialfeatures/2013/08/07/how-the-college-debt-is-crippling-students-parents-and-the-economy/
Gap Year, a Year On
http://www.fastweb.com/financial-aid/articles/3930-shocking-student-debt-statistics
Gap Year, a Year On
http://projectonstudentdebt.org/state_by_state-view2013.php?area=SC
Students graduating with debt
United States
71%
South Carolina
55%
Gap Year, a Year On
http://projectonstudentdebt.org/state_by_state-view2013.php?area=SC
Average student loan debt
South Carolina
United States
$- $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $25,000 $30,000 $35,000
Gap Year, a Year On
Retention of 1st time undergrads
0 20 40 60 80 100
Full-time
Part-time
4 year
2 year
https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d12/tables/dt12_378.asp
Gap Year, a Year On
Completers vs. Non-completers
$0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120
NC
C Public 4-year
Private nonprofit 4-year
Public 2-year
For-profit
http://nces.ed.gov/datalab/tableslibrary/viewtable.aspx?tableid=9024
Gap Year, a Year On
http://www.newyorkfed.org/regional/Brown_presentation_GWU_2013Q2.pdf
Gap Year, a Year On
What does $1 Trillion look like?
$1,000,000 $100,000,000 $1,000,000,000
http://www.globalresearch.ca/what-does-one-trillion-dollars-look-like/12754
Gap Year, a Year On
$1,000,000,000,000
http://www.globalresearch.ca/what-does-one-trillion-dollars-look-like/12754
Gap Year, a Year On
But this is NOT a presentation on College Financing!
Gap Year, a Year On
Agenda
! Gap year - what it is and what it is not ! Types of gap year activities
! Benefits of gap year participation
! Drawbacks of gap year participation
! Ideal gap year candidates
! Deciding to take a year on
! Gap year planning process
! Gap year programs
! Frequently Asked Questions
Gap Year, a Year On
What it is…
A Year On ☺
! Intentional ! Planned ! Goal driven ! Long-term course
Birch & Miller (2007); Engle (2010); Heath (2007); Jones (2004)
http://flic.kr/p/C23PV
Gap Year, a Year On
What it is not…
A Year Off "
! Unplanned ! Unemployment ! Vacation ! Sleeping on the
couch all summer
Birch & Miller (2007); Engle (2010); Heath (2007); Jones (2004)
http://flic.kr/p/7R6Qsk
Gap Year, a Year On
Types of gap year activities
Structured
! Work ! internship ! career exploration ! Volunteer
DeLuca (2008); Heath (2007); Jones (2004); Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
http://flic.kr/p/imF4J4
Gap Year, a Year On
Types of gap year activities
Structured
DeLuca (2008); Heath (2007); Jones (2004); Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
! Learning ! organized ! discover interests ! get ahead
http://flic.kr/p/fKqy6w
Gap Year, a Year On
Types of gap year activities
Structured
DeLuca (2008); Heath (2007); Jones (2004); Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
! Travel ! volunteer tourism ! semester at sea
http://flic.kr/p/cgsqJG
Gap Year, a Year On
Types of gap year activities
Unstructured
DeLuca (2008); Heath (2007); Jones (2004); Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
! Work ! paid internship ! part-time job
http://flic.kr/p/3yfET
Gap Year, a Year On
Types of gap year activities
Unstructured
DeLuca (2008); Heath (2007); Jones (2004); Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
! Learning ! Independent ! Informal
http://flic.kr/p/d1hRCf
Gap Year, a Year On
Types of gap year activities
Unstructured
! Travel ! backpack across Europe ! road trip across USA
DeLuca (2008); Heath (2007); Jones (2004); Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
http://flic.kr/p/gQia4
Gap Year, a Year On
The varied things gappers do
Build houses
Teach in city schools
Hike the Appalachian Trail
Work
Travel
Gap Year, a Year On
Benefits of participation
! Gain ! perspective ! maturity ! clearer plan ! independence ! accomplishment ! motivation
! Reduce ! college dropout
! Develop ! interests ! life skills ! work skills
! Earn ! money ! non-academic
certifications
! Have fun!
Birch & Miller (2007); Bull (2006); Crume (2006); DeLuca (2008); Engle (2010); Gregory (2010); Jones(2004); Schwartz (2004); Smith(2009); Willcoxson, Cotter, & Joy (2011)
Gap Year, a Year On
Drawbacks of participation
General
! Opportunity costs ! time and money (earning)
! Demotivation to return to school ! Wasted time through poor planning ! Academic disadvantage ! Accrual of personal debt ! Off track/Falling out of peer group
Jones (2004)
Gap Year, a Year On
Drawbacks of participation
Volunteer tourism
! Inability to deliver ! Cultural exchange ! Skill development
! Safety ! Idealized view vs. reality of experience ! Quality assurance ! Participant accreditation
Simpson (2004); Simpson (2005)
http://flic.kr/p/98KXr9
Gap Year, a Year On
Ideal gap year candidates
! Everyone! ! Lack of career guidance ! Poor academic motivation ! Financial need ! College bound with a plan
! Some colleges encourage a gap year ! Note: some departments (i.e., math)
discourage a gap in instruction
Birch & Miller (2007); Bull (2006); Gergerich (2003); Harder (2006); Martin (2010)
http://flic.kr/p/cH63w1
Gap Year, a Year On
Deciding to take a year on
Jones (2004); Wells & Lynch (2012)
! 3 Main Influences ! school ! peers ! parents
! Seek Information from ! guidance counselor
! academic and career planning
! participants ! learn from their
experiences
Gap Year, a Year On
Planning considerations
Finances
! Plan/budget early ! Financing methods ! Volunteer tourism
! unpaid ! travel cost
! Provider fees ! Stipends
College admissions and deferment
! Apply to college of choice
! Acceptance ! Request deferment
! provide plan of goals and benefits
Engle (2010); Gregory (2010); Hustrand (2010); Jones (2004)
Gap Year, a Year On
Holly Bull Center for Interim Programs
! Brings learning alive ! Connect to real world ! Autonomy, Mastery,
Purpose ! Builds Resume
http://bit.ly/1cw9oCM
http://www.interimprograms.com
Gap Year, a Year On
Karl Haigler Haigler Enterprises International
! Karl Haigler ! 60% confirmed or
changed choice ! Cost vs. Value ! More valuable
asset to college ! Eager to pursue ED ! Better financial
management http://bit.ly/1jiAKho
http://www.haiglerenterprises.com/education.html
Gap Year, a Year On
Karl Haigler Haigler Enterprises International
! Karl Haigler ! 60% confirmed or
changed choice ! Cost vs. Value ! More valuable
asset to college ! Eager to pursue ED ! Better financial
management http://bit.ly/1jiAKho
http://www.haiglerenterprises.com/education.html
Gap Year, a Year On
Will they return to college?
! 80% within 6 months ! 90% within a year
! Others took an additional gap year (to include paid employment)
! Family challenges ! Deferrals
! 77% applied to college before the gap year ! 93% accepted to at least one college
! 56% requested deferral
Gap Year, a Year On
Tips
! Communicate ! Narrow Options
! Preferences, budgets, and other issues ! More structure at first
! Phases ! Gap year consultants and counselors
! Worth their fee ! Logistics
! Insurance, travel, communications, money, medical planning, safety and security, college applications
! Resources ! Research online
Gap Year, a Year On
Gap year programs
! This is NOT a review of Gap Year programs ! Advise students:
! to attend a Gap Year Fair ! to talk to program alums
! “What was the worst part about the program?”
! to organize well ! Keep year busy ! Little down time at home
Gap Year, a Year On
Where to start…
! Make a list ! Interests and curiosities ! Locations
! Search the web
Gap Year, a Year On
Gap year programs
! USA Gap Year Fairs ! www.usagapyearfairs.org
! Year Out Group ! www.yearoutgroup.org
! Global Citizen Year ! www.globalcitizenyear.org
! AmeriCorps ! www.americorps.gov
! Planet Gap Year ! www.planetgapyear.com
Gap Year, a Year On
Jean Fan http://bit.ly/1jiAijh
Matt Cutts http://bit.ly/1jiBPFT
Dave Comthwaite http://bit.ly/1cwc3Mw
Stefan Sagmeister http://bit.ly/1cwbQZP
Gap Year, a Year On
Final Thoughts
! No two students are alike ! Help students discover and follow their
passions ! Help a student take a Year On
Gap Year, a Year On
@GapYearOn
GapYearOn
www.GapYearOn.com
Gap Year, a Year On
References AmeriCorps. (2012). Homepage. http://www.americorps.gov
Birch, E., & Miller, P. W. (2007). The characteristics of ‘gap-year’ students and their tertiary academic outcomes. Economic Record, 83(262), 329-344. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4932.2007.00418.x
Bull, H. (2006). The possibilities of the gap year. Chronicle Of Higher Education, 52(44), 77.
Crume, R. (2005). Is that child really ready for college? Journal Of College Admission, 188, 31-32.
DeLuca, S. (2008, February 26). Delay is a disadvantage. USA Today. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/printedition/news/20080226/oppose26.art.htm
Engle, T. (2010). Choosing a gap year can pay dividends for high school grads. Community College Week, 23(1), 20-22.
Gergerich, S. (2003). Experts suggest a year off before college - if you can afford it. Community College Week, 15(25), 19.
Global Citizen Year. (2012). Homepage. http://www.globalcitizenyear.org
Gregory, S. (2010, September 21). Time out: Gauging the value of a gap year before college. Time. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,2015783,00.html
Harder, B. (2006). The credibility in your gap year. U.S. News & World Report, 141(7), 98-99.
Heath, S. (2007). Widening the gap: pre-university gap years and the ‘economy of experience’. British Journal Of Sociology Of Education, 28(1), 89-103. doi:10.1080/01425690600996717
Hulstrand, J. (2010). Time out: The gap year abroad. International Educator, 19(2), 50.
Jones, A. (2004). Review of gap year provision. Department for Education and Skills, RR555 University of London. Retrieved from https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/
RR555.pdf
Gap Year, a Year On
References Martin, A. J. (2010). Should students have a gap year? Motivation and performance factors relevant to time out after
completing school. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 102(3), 561-576. doi:10.1037/a0019321
Mitchell, J. (2012, May 31). Student debt rises by 8% as college tuitions climb. Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition. A5.
Planet Gap Year. (2012). Homepage. http://www.planetgapyear.com
Schwartz, S. (2004). Should young people delay college?: A modest proposal. Phi Kappa Phi Forum, 84(4), 27-28.
Simpson, K. (2004). ‘Doing development’: The gap year, volunteer-tourists and a popular practice of development. Journal of International Development 16, 681–692 (2004) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jid.1120
Simpson, K. (2005). Dropping out or signing up? The professionalisation of youth travel. Antipode, 37(3), 447-469. doi:10.1111/j.0066-4812.2005.00506.x
Smith, G. T. (2009, November 7). Advice for the college-bound: Wait. The Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/11/06/AR2009110603606.html
USA Gap Year Fairs. (2012). Homepage. http://www.usagapyearfairs.org Wells, R. S., & Lynch, C. M. (2012). Delayed college entry and the socioeconomic gap: Examining the roles of
student plans, family income, parental education, and parental occupation. Journal of Higher Education, 83(5), 671-697.
Willcoxson, L., Cotter, J., & Joy, S. (2011). Beyond the first-year experience: The impact on attrition of student experiences throughout undergraduate degree studies in six diverse universities. Studies In Higher Education, 36(3), 331-352. doi:10.1080/03075070903581533
Year Out Group (YOG). (2012). Homepage. http://www.yearoutgroup.org
Gap Year, a Year On
Photo Credit
! All photos in this presentation are covered by Creative Commons license requiring one or all of the following. ! Attribution ! Non-Commercial Use ! No Derivatives
! Links to the original source are cited on each photo as well as in alt text
! http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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