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GEMS Mission Overview and Status
Jhoon Kim1, P.I., GEMS,
U. Jeong1, M Kim1, D.H. Ko2, S. Go1, M. Eo3, M.H. Ahn3,
X. Liu4, K. Chance4, P.K. Bhartia5, P. Veefkind6, D. Nick7 & GEMS Science Team 1 Yonsei Univ, Seoul, Korea, 2KARI, 3Ewha WU, 4Harvard Smithonian CfA, 5NASA; 6KNMI, 7BATC
OMI STM 20, NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, Sep 11th, 2017
Ima
ge
Cre
dit, N
AS
A L
aR
C
A Day in the Life of the Constellation: May 31
Courtesy,
Ben Veihelmann
2
GEMS (2019)
Sentinel-4(2021)
TEMPO(2018-2021)
w/TROPOMI@ LEO
Duncan et al. (JGR, 2016)
Long-term NO2 trends seen by OMI
GK-2 Payloads
(Courtesy, KARI)
<
GEMS
5
y(t)
λ
N
S
Spatial Resolution Comparisons
GOME
GOME-2
SCIAMACHYOMI
GEMS
City Coverage of GEMS in Asia
Seoul Pyungyang Beijing
Shanghai Hebei Tokyo
Bangkok Singapore Taipei
7
(U. Jeong, 2015)
Product Importan
ce
Min
(cm-2)
Max
(cm-2)
Nominal
(cm-2)
Accurac
y
Window
(nm)
Spat Resol
(km2)@Seo
ul
SZA
(deg)
Algo-
rithm
NO2
O3
precursor3x1013 1x1017 1x1014 1x1015
cm-2 425-4507 x 8
x 2 pixels< 70
DFDOASPCA
SO2
Aerosol
precursor
Volcano
6x108 1x1017 6x1014 1x1016
cm-2 310-330
7 x 8
x 4 pixels
x 3 hours
< 50
(60*)
HCHOVOC
proxy
1x1015 3x1016 3x1015 1x1016
cm-2 327-3577 x 8
x 4 pixels
< 50
(60*)
CHOCHO 1x1014 1x1015 5x1014 1x1015
cm-2 437-452 7 x 8 x 4 px < 50
TropLO3TropUO3
StratO3
TotalO3
Oxidant
Pollutant
O3 layer
4x1017 2x1018 1x1018
3%(TOz)
5%(Stra)
20(Trop)
300-340 7 x 8 < 70OETOMS
AOD
AI
SSA
AEH
Air quality
Climate0 (AOD) 5 (AOD) 0.2 (AOD)
20% or
0.1@
400nm
300-500 3.5 x 8 < 70
Multi-l
O2O2
[Clouds]
ECF
CCP
Retrieval
Climate0 (COD) 50 (COD) 17 (COD) 300-500 7 x 8 < 70
O2O2
RRS
Surface
Property
Environ-
ment0 1 - 300-500 3.5 x 8 < 70
Multi-l
UVIPublic
health0 12 - 7 x 8 < 70
GEMS Products (16)
GEMS Instrument Flight Model• Step-and-stare UV-Vis imaging spectrometer scanning at least 8/day in 30 min
• Daily solar and dark calibration
• Images coadded at each position + mirror move back < 30 minutes
• Diffusers for on-orbit solar calibration and onboard LED light source
Preflight characterization and environmental tests ongoing, to be delivered in Nov., 2017
(Court
esy
, KARI /
BATC
)
OpticalAlignment
for Spatial Test
Thermal panel and CMA Installation
GEMS Status
• Budget & Schedule– Science Team Grant renewed and budget secured until 2020
– 8th GEMS STM, Seoul, Korea, Sep. 25-27th, 2017
– PSR, Nov., 2017
– Delivery, Nov., 2017
– AIT at KARI, 2017-2019
– Launch, Mar., 2019
• GK-2B System AIT Schedules at KARI– Bus I&T : ~ Nov. 2017
– Payload I&T : Dec. 2017 – Feb. 2018
– Antenna I&T : Mar – Apr. 2018
– Thermal Vac test : May – Jul 2018
– SA I&T : Jul – Aug 2018
– Dynamic Test : Aug – Oct 2018
– EMC Test : Nov 2018
– Final Preparation : Dec 2018
– Launch Campaign : Feb – Mar 2019
Preflight Characterization
• Bandpass– 301.8, 330.0, 365.0, 390.0, 435.0, 470.0, 498.2 nm;
– for N-S pixels
• BTDF– 300, 315, 325,350, 375, 400, 425, 500 nm;
– field positions at 0, +1.93, +3,87 deg, uncertainty(1s) less than 0.13 %
– Full spectral resolution measurements of transmission for the witness diffuser
• Straylight : – broadband characterization,
– PSF : Much higher dependence in spectral direction than spatial.
• Spectral Performance tests– keystone, smile, band width, spectral sampling, spectral calibration
• Linearity tests etc.
• Polarization, MTF, spatial performance, radiometric performance etc.
L0-1 Processor
• Earth, Solar ObservationsL0 Earth Input
(2112 * 1068)
Hot/Dead/RTS Pixel Flagging
(2112 * 1068)
Co-addition Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Gain/Offset Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Non-linearity Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Dark Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Smear Correction
(2112 * 1068)
QE/PRNU/Integration Time
(2048 * 1032)
Stray light
(2048 * 1032)
Radiometric Calibration
(2048 * 1032)
L1B-Earth
(2048 * 1032)
Spatial Registration
(2048 * 2)
Spectral Calibration(TBD)
(2048 * 2)
L0 Solar Input
(2112 * 1068)
Hot/Dead/RTS Pixel Flagging
(2112 * 1068)
Co-addition Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Gain/Offset Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Non-linearity Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Dark Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Smear Correction
(2112 * 1068)
QE/PRNU/Integration Time
(2048 * 1032)
Stray light
(2048 * 1032)
BTDF/Goniometry/Irradiance
(2048 * 1032)
L1B-Solar
(2048 * 1032)
Spatial Registration
(2048 * 1)
L0 Solar Dark Input
(2112 * 1068)
Hot/Dead/RTS Pixel Flagging
(2112 * 1068)
Co-addition Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Gain/Offset Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Non-linearity Correction
(2112 * 1068)
Earth Spatial Registration
– Lat. And Long. Assignment of
a center of the pixels (2048 * 2)
Solar Spatial Registration
– Pixel Solar Zenith Angle (2048 * 1)
Spectral Calibration
- Squeeze, Shift values (2048 * 2)
(Input to ‘Spectral Shift’ in ‘On-Orbit Calibration’)
(Courtesy, KARI / BATC)
L0-1 Processor
• Under development by BATC & KARI
• Dark correction :
- fitting by temperature changes added
• Smear correction :
- ratio of frame transfer time to integration time, with previous
frame effects considered
• Straylight correction :
- matrix, Richardson-Lucy deconvolution, but computing time issue
• Spectral correction :
- Reference solar spectrum convolved with GEMS bandpass
functions, polynomial equation
• Onboard LED calibration :
- for linearity, gain and PRNU(TBD)
• Polarization correction :
- VLIDORT, Linear polarization sensitivity tests, LUT in
collaboration with TEMPO team
Polarization Correction
Scan direction
(Ukkyo Jeong)
L1-2 Processor
Beta version of L1-2 algorithm
Algorithm review and accuracy evaluation (2017.6),
Now in 2nd Phase to upgrade and optimize for installation at GEMS Ground Station
ATBD review and ver 0 (2017.3)
Interface between L0-1 & L1-2, with consideration of preflight test results
NRT Operation Tests at NIER
Unified algorithm under test environment
- AOD, CLD algorithm at Server 3
- Ozone algorithm at Server 1,2,3,4
- HCHO, NO2, SO2 algorithm at Server 3
Migration to GEMS Ground Station at NIER
SO2
HCHO
CHOCHO
Sulfur Dioxide
Formaldehyde
Glyoxal
SO2
HCHO
CHOCHO
(Courtesy, InSpace)
Examples of retrieved products using OMI
16
Troposp. O3 O3 profile HCHONO2
GCA ECF1
0
GCA CP
Credit :
Mijin Kim (Yonsei U) – Aerosol
Y.S. Choi (EWU) - Cloud
Jae H. Kim (Busan NU) – O3
Hanlim Lee (Pukyung NU) - NO2
Rokjin Park (SNU) – HCHO, CHOCHO
Y.J. Kim (GIST) –SO2
J.M. Yoo(EWU), M.J. Jeong(GWNU) – Sfc prod
M.H. Ahn (EWU) - calibration
AOD SSAAerosolHeight CHOCHO
Comparison of GEMS Algorithm Accuracy
5th evaluation
(2017.3)
Correlation
coefficient
(R)
a, Slope b, Intercept RMSE Error (%) Remark
O3 (Total) 0.97 0.955 5.4 DU 2.35% -Brewer Spectro-
photometer
O3 (Trop) 0.79 0.89 1.91 DU6.48 DU
(10-20%)2 DU (7.29%) Ozonesonde
HCHO
0.82~0.84
(MAM/JJA/SON)
0.49 (DJF)
1.06 – 1.23 -2.6-5.2 x 1015 - - OMI Products
NO2 0.98 1.2 1.2 x1015cm-2 N/A 20% OMI Products
SO2
0.98
0.87 (<10 DU)
0.88 (<20DU)
0.4
0.39
0.40
0.06 DU
0.09 DU
0.06 DU
N/A
53.5 %
64.1 %
56.4%
OMI Products
Airborne
ECF 0.99 1.0 0.03 0.06 - OMI Products
CP 0.89 0.97 -30 95 - OMI Products
Surface
Reflectance0.87 N/A N/A 0.01 5~40% OMI Products
AOD 0.72
0.45(HA)
0.73(Dust)
1.25(NA)
N/A N/AQ-value : 33.2 ~
54.2%AERONET
The presence of aerosol layer at higher altitude
results in larger errors in NO2 VCD up to ~60%.
Lower SSA of aerosol than true value results in
the underestimation of NO2 VCD.
NO2 VCD changes due to AMF error with the presence
of aerosol
Further work is underway to separate tropospheric and stratospheric VCDs, by
using NO2 vertical profiles from CTM and the method of Buscela et al. (AMT
2013).
Hong et al. (RS, 2017)
19
May 17 Morning
NO2 SO2HCHO
GeoTASO trace gas retrieval during KORUS-AQ Campaign
Pandora: Circle
GeoTASO: Shaded
Temporal collocation: Average Pandora data
within ±5 min from GeoTASO overpass time
[Courtesy of Hyunkee Hong,Hanlim Lee et al.]
Courtesy, Scott Janz, MattKowalewski,
Jay Al-Saadi, Heesung Chog, Seoyoung Lee
PC
AD
F/D
OA
S
GEMS Ground Station at NIER
• Building to be completed by Oct. 2017
• Receiving and processing system to be installed by Mar. 2018
Summary
• GEMS flight model is under the final tests before its delivery to KARI i
n Nov. 2017.
• L0-1 and L1-2 algorithms are under the development to be ready for t
he launch of GEMS in March 2019.
• L1-2 algorithm for gases and aerosols show reasonable
performances, but requires further improvement, including hourly
retrieval in AMF, S/T separation in particular.
• Careful consideration of aerosol is required to retrieve trace gas
concentration from geostationary satellite remote sensing, especially
for absorbing aerosols at lofted altitude in particular.
• Preflight test results to characterize stray light, polarization, spectral accuracy,
diffuser BTDF, dark current etc. can provide more accurate analysis on the
GEMS performance and L2 algorithm.
• Synergy with AMI and GOCI-2 will provide more reliable products of aerosol
and cloud products, which eventually improve the accuracy of trace gas
column density.
Acknowledgement
GEMS Science Team
Ministry of Environment (MoE)
NIER, MoE
KEITI, MoE
Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA)
Korea Ocean R&D Institute (KORDI)
Ministry of Science, ICT & future Planning (MSIP)
KARI
GEMS Science TeamMyung Hwan Ahn
Yong Sang Choi
Myeongjae Jeong
Jae Hwan Kim
Young Joon Kim
Hanlim Lee
Kwang Mog Lee
Kwon Ho Lee
Rokjin Park
Seon Ki Park
Chang Keun Song
Chul Han Song
Jung Hun Woo
Jung-Moon Yoo
Changwoo Ahn
Jay Al-Saadi
P.K. Bhartia
Kevin Bowman
Greg Carmichael
Kelly Chance
Mian Chin
Yunsoo Choi
Ron Cohen
Russ Dickerson
David Edwards
Annmarie Eldering
Dave Haffners
Ernest Hilsenrath
Daneil Jacob
Scott Janz
Glen Jaross
Siwan Kim
Thomas Kurosu
Barry Lefer
Qinbin Li
Beri Ahlers
Heinrich Bovensmann
John Burrows
Marcel Dobber
Joerg Langen
Pieternel Levelt
Ulrich Platt
Piet Stamnes
Nicholas Theys
Pepijn Veefkind
Ben Veihelmann
Thomas Wagner Hajime Akimoto
Sachiko
Hayashida
Hitoshi Irie
Yasko Kasai
Kawakami Shuji
Alexis Lau
Jintai Lin
Charles Wong
Xiong Liu
Randall Martin
Steve Massie
Jack McConnel*
Tom McElroy
Jessica Neu
Mike Newchurch
Stan Sander
Jochen Stutz
Omar Torres
Dong Wu
Liang Xu
Ping Yang
Dusanka Zupanski
Milija Zupanski
Sang-kyoon Kim
Lim Seok Chang
Jae-Hyun Lim
K.J. Moon
M.H. Lee
H.W. Seo
Sukjo Lee
Jin Seok Han
Youdeog Hong
Ji-hyung Hong
J.S. Kim
Seung Hoon Lee
Sang Soon Yong
D.G. Lee
J.P. Gong
Dai Ho Ko
S.H. Kim
J.H. Yeon
Y.C. Youk
…Mijin Kim, Ukkyo Jeong, S.J. Ko, Sangseo Park, M.J. Choi, J.H. Kim, H.S. Chong, Se; Ju
Seon Bak, Kanghyun Baek; Hyeong-Ahn Kwon, H.J. Cho; K.M. Han, Jihyo Chong, Kwanchul
Kim; J.H. Park, Y.J. Lee …, Bo-Ram Kim, M.A. Kang, J.H. Yang, Sujeong Lim, S.W. Jeong ;
Thank you
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