generative design and parametric modeling

Generative Design and Parametric Modeling

advanced computational modeling

Allen LaSala – Dallas, Texas

Thornton Tomasetti

The Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) is a

Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects

Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of

this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members.

Certificates of Completion are available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing

professional education. As such it does not include content that

may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement

by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or

manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material

or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and

services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Copyright

This presentation and the materials provided are protected by U.S. and International

copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation or materials

without written permission is prohibited.

© AGC of America, 2012

Course Description

Thornton Tomasetti (TT) is an internationally recognized engineering company. TT’s

Advanced Computational Modeling (ACM) team works at the forefront of computation

practices. TT utilizes a wide range of commercially available as well as customized digital

tools and automation procedures to model, simulate, analyze, and optimize engineering

projects of various scales worldwide. By creating a collaborative dialog with the designer at

the conceptual phase, the architectural, engineering & fabrication models can be developed

simultaneously from the same geometric reference model, allowing a holistic design

process.

Using a number of recent examples, this presentation will showcase how computational

tools can be tailored to greatly enhance the collaboration process between all parties

involved in large-scale international construction projects. One example would be the

65,000 seat Basrah Main Stadium, designed by 360 Architecture. To realize this project

successfully, software such as Digital Project and Tekla were automated to reduce the

fabrication process of the 100 foot long GFRP skin panels by more than 18 months, while

creating a BIM model that served the project team through all project phases, from concept

design to digital fabrication.

Learning Objectives At the end of this presentation, attendees will be able to:

Attendees will be able to summarize Integrated design exploration

utilizing advanced 'digital engines'.

Attendees will be able to illustrate the digital fabrication approach from

early design concepts through to production.

Attendees will be able to identify integrated form finding approach for

freeform structures using custom automization tools.

Attendees will be able to identify interlinked architectural and

engineering models for advanced analysis.

Generative Modeling

Integrated Project Delivery Graphic by HOK

CONCEPT(?)

GENERATIVE MODELING + BIM BIM (Tekla, Revit, CATIA,…)

collaborative

modeling

Al-Menaa Soccer Stadium 360 Architecture

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Architectural Concept Architect’s 3DSmax model

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Grasshopper Model Demo

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Grasshopper Model Demo

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Structural Analysis model Automated Rhino to SAP translation

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

REVIT Documentation model Automated SAP to REVIT translation

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Revit Model

Automated Information Exchange

Basrah 30K Soccer Stadium

Revit Model

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Rendering by 360 Architects

Automated Information Exchange

Al Menaa Soccer Stadium

Membrane Warp Stresses

West 57th St. Residential Bjarke Ingels Group,

Denmark

Automated Information Exchange

W57th St

Scheme 1: June 15th

15 Floors

Scheme 2: Aug 12th

20 Floors

Scheme 3: Aug 23th

34 Floors

Automated Information Exchange

W57th St

Structural Model in Rhino Generated from Architect’s floor plans and elevation data using Grasshopper

Automated Information Exchange

W57th St

Grasshopper Demo

Automated Information Exchange - Grasshopper to ETABS

W57th St

Structural geometry translator TT in-house E2K text file creation

W57th St Automated Information Exchange - Grasshopper to ETABS

• Structural geometry translator

• TT in-

house

E2K text

file

creation

integrated

analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow MANICA Architecture

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Structural Model in Rhino Generated from Architect’s floor plans and elevation data using Grasshopper

Length Axis 1(mm)

Length Axis 2 (mm) Area (mm2) round a1 round a2 range a1 count a1 range a2 count a2 Axis 1 Axis 2

0 10992.00 7238.41 37226000.00 11000.00 7000.00 9000.00 2.00 5500.00 2.00 min 9183.83 5729.17 1 11586.00 7604.86 40617000.00 11500.00 7500.00 9500.00 12.00 6000.00 1256.00 max 20748.00 14380.00 2 12212.00 7909.85 44164000.00 12000.00 8000.00 10000.00 18.00 6500.00 187.00 3 12794.00 8077.95 47266000.00 13000.00 8000.00 10500.00 41.00 7000.00 120.00 4 13335.00 8033.73 49528000.00 13500.00 8000.00 11000.00 51.00 7500.00 77.00 5 13868.00 7917.84 51462000.00 14000.00 8000.00 11500.00 63.00 8000.00 57.00 6 14388.00 7750.29 52956000.00 14500.00 8000.00 12000.00 61.00 8500.00 29.00 7 14897.00 7544.69 54001000.00 15000.00 7500.00 12500.00 59.00 9000.00 35.00 8 15400.00 7315.29 54641000.00 15500.00 7500.00 13000.00 58.00 9500.00 23.00 9 15887.00 7131.91 55258000.00 16000.00 7000.00 13500.00 81.00 10000.00 31.00

10 16339.00 6885.61 54882000.00 16500.00 7000.00 14000.00 75.00 10500.00 20.00

Angle A Angle B Angle A / Angle B Angle Sum Max Deviation Dist (eval srf)

0 116.212661 113.173502 1.02685398 360 5.336134 1 117.61059 112.826751 1.042399865 360 0.871038 2 118.691855 113.594831 1.044870211 360 1.130024 3 120.75759 114.371515 1.055836237 360 9.984354 4 123.56208 116.109558 1.064185259 360 14.836463 5 126.267276 118.296062 1.067383596 360 19.303195 6 128.966301 120.701635 1.068471865 360 23.444554 7 131.723265 123.194604 1.069229177 360 27.788725 8 134.365394 125.864944 1.067536279 360 31.773613 9 136.036988 128.778648 1.056362915 360 10.296549

10 135.124833 135.064414 1.000447335 360 302.36649

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Panel Callouts

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Reaction Forces and Warp Stress - Prestress without and with cables

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Panel Size and Panel Curvature

Before After

Panel Size: Max 115.5 m2 | Min: 23.1 m2

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Structural model defined in Grasshopper Manica Architecture

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Member force analysis is SAP

Change from ETFE to Polycarbonate

VTB Arena, Moscow Manica Architecture

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Change in structure and cladding: Polycarbonate

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Change in structure and cladding

before

after

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

From Sap to Revit

Roof model from SAP to Revit Integration with superstructure Revit model

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Building sections and 2D roof plan drawings in Revit

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Building sections and 2D roof plan drawings in Revit

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Building sections and 2D roof plan drawings in Revit

Integrated Analysis

VTB Arena, Moscow

Building sections and 2D roof plan drawings in Revit

Change from ETFE to Polycarbonate

VTB Arena, Moscow Manica Architecture

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Tower Façade Optimization – original surface Thornton Tomasetti R&D

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Parametric Optimization

Cold Bending Explained

Tower Façade Optimization – original surface

“Twist” offset < D/175 ?

Torsion in corners of edge spacer

Deflected edge shape depends on sub-structure stiffness, shape is not necessarily linear = impact on air-tightness joints.

Primary seal is main element of service-ability, seal is stressed by overall twist.

Iso-Glass

Force to “press into form”

D2

permanently: water tight? air tight? Stresses in panes usually rather small!

D1

D = (D1+D2)/2

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Tower Façade Optimization – optimized surface Thornton Tomasetti R&D

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Tower Façade Optimization – optimized surface Thornton Tomasetti R&D

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Tower Façade Optimization – genetic algorithm Thornton Tomasetti R&D

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Wuhan Tower Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Tower Façade Optimization

Study to evaluate warpage, slope and pitch of the current configuration of façade panels, and to optimize for constructability and cost efficiency.

Pitched Mullion Analysis in X Axis

Parametric Optimization

Glass Façade Panelization

Tower Façade Optimization

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Parametrical Optimization

Rationalizing The Building Geometry

Tower Façade Optimization

Parametrical Optimization

Rationalizing The Building Geometry

Tower Façade Optimization

NOMINAL DISPACEMENT

FROM ORIGINAL CURVE

software

Custom Software

TT Column Designer

Free Library Philadelphia Safdie Architects

R&D

Full Generative Structure in Grasshopper

Free Library Philadelphia SAFDIE Architects

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

R&D

Automated Structural Model in SAP

Free Library Philadelphia SAFDIE Architects

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

Building Structures

Automated Structural Model in SAP

Free Library Philadelphia SAFDIE Architects

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

R&D

SAP to REVIT Translation

Free Library Philadelphia SAFDIE Architects

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

R&D

SAP to REVIT Translation

Free Library Philadelphia SAFDIE Architects

Out of plane warpage shown in percent

Max warpage allowed: 0.57%

REVIT to TEKLA Translation R&D

Free Library Philadelphia SAFDIE Architects

Free Library Philadelphia

Building Structures

Building Sustainability

Embodied Carbon Calculator

Building Sustainability

Embodied Carbon Calculator

Free Library Philadelphia

Material Embodied Energy

(MJ/kg) Embodied Carbon

(kg CO2e/kg)

Concrete 1.04 0.07

Steel 20.1 1.46

Aluminum 155.00 9.16

Glass 15.00 0.91

Timber 10.00 0.72

Structural / Facade initial Embodied

Energy represents 50% or more of

the built project and 20+ % of the

total embodied energy for the life of

the building.

together

bringing it all

Change from ETFE to Polycarbonate

Basrah Main Stadium 360 Architecture

Bringing it all together

Basrah 65K Skin Design

Catia Model

Reduce number of molds from 10 to 5

Movement Joints En

d z

on

e

Side Line

A

B

C

D

E

Change from ETFE to Polycarbonate

Parametric Panel Informs Connection Brackets

Geometry data output to Excel for bracket design coordination and cost estimation of GRP panel

Driven Parameters

Bringing it all together

Coordination Model

Bringing it all together

Transportation Planning

2220mm

Bringing it all together

Bracket Design

Automated Model Generation Bringing it all together

• Catia to Tekla VBA

Bringing it all together

Automated Model Generation

Geometry Translation from DP into Tekla

Reference Geometry scripted in DP.

Then translated into Tekla model.

Bringing it all together

Digital to Physical Modeling

GFRP Panel mold created from CATIA model

Bringing it all together

Digital to Physical Modeling

October 2010

Bringing it all together

Digital to Physical Modeling

February 2011

Bringing it all together

Digital to Physical Modeling

May 2011

Bringing it all together

Digital to Physical Modeling

August 2011

Bringing it all together

Digital to Physical Modeling

thank you

Thank you for your time.

Questions?

Allen LaSala

ALaSala@ThorntonTomasetti.com