geopimed course 01: introduction to geothermal energy by aniol esquerra from ecoserveis

Geothermal Energy

Introduction to Geothermal Energy

How to explain it?

Low Enthalpy Temperature Geothermal Energy How GSHP Geothermal Energy can help us to save energy and money

Reminder

Target groups:

Technical workers

Decision makers

General public

Barriers

How to communicate

Index

Introduction

Nyquist Theory of tectonic plates

Thermal Load Analysis of a building

Calculation of cooling systems for adiabatic heating transfers

Final Evaluation

What we’ll really do

Introduction about the European project GEOPIMED and Ecoserveis

How earth is made

Possibilities of the geothermal energy

Principle of operation of a Geothermal heat pump for heating and cooling

House, case study: What to do? How much does it cost? Savings?

Questions

INTRODUCTION: GEOPIMED

Introduction

Ecoserveis

NPO

Fuel Poverty, Energy Efficiency, Clean Energies

www.ecoserveis.net

GEOPIMED Project

Partners

Objectives

HOW EARTH IS MADE

Geology of the planet

How earth is made

In fact we drilled a short range of the earth. All wells are only reaching the lithosphere.

How earth is made

Under the lithosphere, there is a convection movement which makes the heat propagate easily.

How earth is made

Where there is underground water near a hot spot you can find steam and hot water at high pressure.

POSSIBILITIES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Different installations

Possibilities of GE

Possibilities of GE

High Temperature GE is a good resource to produce electricity. However you need specific conditions and it is not feasible for houses.

Possibilities of GE

Medium-Low temperature GE is useful to heat directly the house. As the last example, you need a hot spot near.

Possibilities of GE

Possibilities of GE

They are expensive and the drilling depth is between 1,000 and 3,000 meters

They can only be done in very specific places, where the temperature of the subsoil is high and they usually serve only to heat or produce electricity

These two applications do not correspond to low temperature GE

The third application is based on a fact quite simple

The first meters deep, the T ° is constant and equal to the annual average

In our case is 18 °C

We will later how we can benefit from this

Possibilities of GE

PRINCIPLES OF THE HP

How does a HP work?

Principles of the HP

An air conditioning does not produce nor cold nor heat but moves temperatures

The basic principles are: A gas, whenever compresses, heats

A gas, whenever expands, cools

Principles of the HP

The great advantage is that it requires less energy to heat and cool

With a wattage of 100W you can produce 300W of heat or cooling

COP is the Coefficient of Performance.

It is usually 2-3 in a normal air conditioning.

HP operation

40 ºC

35 ºC 10 ºC

15 ºC

Summer mode

Interior 27ºC Exterior 30ºC

40 ºC

35 ºC 10 ºC

Winter Mode

15 ºC

Exterior 15ºC Interior 21ºC

HP operation

40 ºC

35 ºC 10 ºC

Problems with cold or hot weather

15 ºC

Exterior 5ºC Interior 21ºC

HP operation

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY FOR HOUSING

How to use it in buildings?

GE for housing

It is a HP, like an air conditioning, but modified. It is not a complicated system.

The main difference is that the HP is not throwing the heat or cold to the air but to the subsoil instead.

Because the subsoil is “always” at 18 ºC, we don’t have the problems mentioned before and it is more efficient.

You can use it in any kind of subsoil.

GE for housing

Examples

GE for housing

Examples

GE for housing

Examples

GE for housing

Exemples d’instal·lacions

GE for housing

Examples

GE for housing

In this case they drilled 7 wells of 100m of depth.

GE for housing

GE for housing

GE for housing

GE for housing

GE for housing

GE for housing

Hot to distribute this energy to the house?

GE for housing

Hot to distribute this energy to the house?

CASE STUDY

Cost?

Savings?

Where?

Case study

House with a little garden

200 m2

81 m2 for HVAC

100 years

4 tenants

Cooling - Heating - HW

Case study

Thermal needs

1,15 kW - 1,4 kW per 10m2 cooling

1 kW/10m2 heating

60 W per person HW

Case study

Thermal energy for 81 m2

11 kW cooling

8 kW heating

0,24 kW HW

Yearly consumptions

18.000 kWh/year Gas - Heating

8.500 kWh/year Electricity - Cooling

2.600 kWh/year HW

Case study

Investment

Simple Figures -> 1.400 € per kW

15.400 € + VAT

Government Funds: 1.400 €/kW

Maximum 30% of total cost

Total including funds 10.780 € + VAT

Case study

Savings

Currently the expenses are: 1.440 €/year in gas

1.695 €/year in electricity

After the renovation: 822 € in electricity for heating

339 € in electricity for cooling and HW

Every year 2000 € of savings

We will recover the investment in 5 years!

QUESTIONS

Thanks for your attention