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Civics & EconomicsUNIT 1: Foundations

News of the Day

Key TermsAncient GreeceMagna CartaBicameralJoint-Stock Company1st Great AwakeningSocial ContractSeparation of PowersCommon LawProprietary Colony

Ancient RomeColumbusJamestownSalem Witch TrialsPilgrimsEnlightenmentNatural RightsSelf Governing

ColonyRoyal Colony

Foundations of American Govn’tAncient Greece

birthplace of direct democracy, Plato, Aristotle and political thinking

Ancient Romebirthplace of the Senate, Representative government and our legal system

1215 Magna Carta took power from king John and gave it to the nobles

1300’s Parliament Legislative body created to make laws for the English people –Bicameral

1492 Columbus(Spain) Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria

Discovers the Caribbean Islands

1600’s New World Colonization

America is SettledReasons to settleThe 3 Gs…GoldGodGlory

GoldWanted to make money. Thought they’d

find gold like the Spanish did. (They didn’t)1609 Jamestown, Virginia

first permanent settlement in the new world

Founded by the Virginia Joint-Stock CompanyJoint-stock company- company of

merchants who invest money to start a colony with the hope of making a return (based on proportion put in) shared risk

GodReligion in the New WorldCatholics: the oldest established Christian religionFled to the new world, were persecuted by the other established religious coloniesSettled in Maryland (which was religiously tolerant)

Religious Dissenters: any person whose religious beliefs go against the dominate religionMany left Europe for the

new world to get religious freedom.

Once they got to the new world did they give other’s

religious freedom?

Quakers: settled Pennsylvania; religiously tolerant; pacifists (peaceful); early Amish

Puritans: believed in purifying or reforming the church of England; very strict religious beliefs; religiously intolerant

Pilgrims: people who make a religious journey (i.e. Pilgrims founding Plymouth, Massachusetts)

Salem Witch Trials: period of trial and execution of 22 accused witches due to intolerance and land battles

First Great Awakeninga period of religious revival in the 1720s

Lead by Jonathan EdwardsGave the sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”

GloryIdeas of the New WorldThe Enlightenment: 1500’s; period of history in which science, political thought, and reason became a way of explaining the universe

Jean Jacques RousseauSocial Contract Theory: unwritten contract between the government and its people People give up rights, government provides for the people

People can break away from government if they are not providing

Baron de MontesquieuSeparation of Powers: the idea that government should divide its powers into multiple branches to avoid tyrannyHow many branches

in the U.S. Government?

John LockeNatural Rights: rights all men have: life, liberty, propertyAKA: inalienable rights

used Rousseau’s ideas of social contract to defend his point Does this sound

familiar?

Other Radical Ideas about Government

Common Law- a system of law based on precedent and customDo not have to be written down

Egalitarianism: idea that everyone is equal

Types of Colonies

Self-Governing (Charter) colony- owned by the King , but run by another person with his permissionEx. Jamestown, Va. Run by the Virginia company with the permission of the king

Proprietary colony -colony owned and run by someone other than the kingJames OglethorpeGeorgia ColonyServed as a safe haven for run away debtor

Also a buffer between the English colonies and the Spanish

Royal colony- Colony owned and governed by the English MonarchyAll colonies were Royal Colonies

Governed by representatives of the Monarchy

Ex. Duke of York…All become Royal colonies eventually

Activity: Venn Diagram

p. 24

The 13 Colonies Chart

Use the computers and use your books to find the answers

Key TermsAncient GreeceMagna CartaBicameralJoint-Stock Company1st Great AwakeningSocial ContractSeparation of PowersCommon LawProprietary Colony

Ancient RomeColumbusJamestownSalem Witch TrialsPilgrimsEnlightenmentNatural RightsSelf Governing

ColonyRoyal Colony