global prioritization for conservation protected area planning and management mobile seminar costa...

Global prioritization for conservation

Global prioritization for conservation

Protected Area Planning and Management Mobile Seminar

Costa RicaJune 2008

Miguel A. MoralesConservación Internacional (CI)

0

1,000,000,000

2,000,000,000

3,000,000,000

4,000,000,000

5,000,000,000

6,000,000,000

7,000,000,000

0 500 1000 1500 2000 year

from 1.65 billon a 6 billon people in the 20th Century

poblacion

Global biodiversity statusGlobal biodiversity status

Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005)

Larger population = Greater demand for resources

Current species extinction rate 100 – 1000 higher than the “normal” rate

Since 1.500, about 800 species has gone extinct, according to the IUCN Species Red List

Source: The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (www.iucnredlist.org)

Currently, about 16.118 species of plants and animals are threatened

• One of 8 bird species• One of 4 mammal species• One of 3 amphibian species

Global BiodiversityGlobal Biodiversity

Amphibian richness

Global Amphibian Assessment, 2006

Species richness: mammals, amphibians and birds

Olson et. al. BioScience • November 2001 / Vol. 51 No. 11

Terrestrial ecoregions within 14 biomes and 8 biogeographic regions

Olson et. al. BioScience • November 2001 / Vol. 51 No. 11

867 distinctive ecoregions

WWF Global 200WWF Global 200

Mammal species richness

Olson et. al. BioScience • November 2001 / Vol. 51 No. 11

WWF Global 200WWF Global 200

Olson et. al. BioScience • November 2001 / Vol. 51 No. 11

Mammal species endemism

WWF Global 200WWF Global 200

WWF identified ecoregions with exceptional levels of species richness and high levels of endemism

• High endemism and high threat (>86% original cover is lost)

• 34 Hotspots representing 2.3% of earth’s land

• 50% of all plants and 42% of vertebrate species live in these Hotspots

• 75% of the most endangered species in the world (mammals, birds, and amphibians)

Mittermeier et al. (2004) Hotspots Revisited. CEMEX

CI Biodiversity HotspotsCI Biodiversity Hotspots

CI High-Biodiversity Wilderness AreasCI High-Biodiversity Wilderness Areas

• High endemism (>1,500 species and plants are endemic)

• Low threat (<30% original cover lost)

• 5 HBWAs, covering 6.1% of earth’s surface

• 17% of plants, 8% of terrestrial mammals only found here

Mittermeier et al. (2004) Hotspots Revisited. CEMEX

WSC Human Footprint

Sanderson et al. - BioScience - October 2002 / Vol. 52 No. 10

WSC The Last of the Wild

Sanderson et al. - BioScience - October 2002 / Vol. 52 No. 10

UNEP/World Conservation Monitoring CentreMegadiverse countries

1. Australia2. Brasil3. China 4. Colombia5. Republica Democrática del Congo6. Ecuador7. India8. Indonesia9. Madagascar

10. Malasia11. México12. Papua New Guinea13. Perú14. Filipinas15. Sudáfrica16. USA17. Venezuela

Fotos

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Smithsonian Institute (SI)Centers of plant diversity in the America

http://www.nmnh.si.edu/botany/projects/cpd/index.htm