globelics phd academy 2007 clean development mechanism and technological learning phd thesis and...
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Globelics PhD Academy 2007
Clean Development Mechanism and technological
learning
PhD thesis and
Conceptual framework ideas
Asel Doranova
UNU-MERIT, Maastricht, Netherlands
What I am studying
Transfer of clean technologies to developing countries under the Kyoto Protocol
Some background:
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
Kyoto Protocolflexibility mechanisms
Emission trading
“North-North”
Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM)“North-South”
Joint Implementation (JI)
projects “North-North”
Project based emission crediting & trade
Goals of the Clean Development
Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol
• Enable developed countries to meet their emission reduction commitments in a flexible and cost-effective manner
• Assist developing countries in meeting their sustainable development objectives. They will benefit in the form of
investment access to better & clean technologies local sustainable development
Current status of CDM projects:over 800 projects registered
Current status of CDM projects: locations
Source: UNFCCC, 2007 http://cdm.unfccc.int/
Objective of the thesis:
To assess the potential for learning / technological capability building in developing countries under the CDM projects
Arguments behind: CDM aims to promote TT in developing countries
and contribute to their Sustainable Development TT is not just simple import of technologies,
machines, and expertise, BUT development of local technological capabilities (TC)
TCs are built through learning
Gaps in the CDM literature:
• impact of the CDM in terms of capability building and learning
• CDM implication from the perspectives of technological change
• role of business companies as technology & knowledge providers
1. Literature review Technological capabilities Innovation / technological / learning systemsNetworking
2. Preliminary interviews with expertsUNFCCC, state agencies, research institutes, companies, …
3. Secondary data collection databaseProject infoParticipants infoTechnology info
4. Survey of CDM project participants databasefactors influencing learning under CDM
5. Case-study factors influencing learning under CDM
Research design:
CDM actors and institutions map
Learning system under the CDM
Main characteristics of the LS:• Interactive network of actors (project
participants)
• we expect that Interaction Learning
• Institutional set-up (formal & informal)
• country context
• performance: Learning (potential for learning)
CDM project participants:Host (developing) country
Project hosts – local private or public organization/company
Local companies providing construction, assembly, maintenance services, etc.
Research labs/universities involved in the project design
Host country governments
Non-governmental organizations
Annex I (developed) country
Corporations with substantial emissions liabilities
Companies entering carbon market technology developers, intermediaries, consulting
Research labs/universities involved in the project design
Annex I governments seeking to meet their Kyoto commitments
Development agencies and NGOs
CDM project participants:Host (developing) country
Project hosts – local private or public organization/company
Local companies providing construction, assembly, maintenance services, etc.
Research labs/universities involved in the project design
Host country governments
Non-governmental organizations
Annex I (developed) country
Corporations with substantial emissions liabilities
Companies entering carbon market technology developers, intermediaries, consulting
Research labs/universities involved in the project design
Annex I governments seeking to meet their Kyoto commitments
Development agencies and NGOs
Target group: Technology / knowledge recipient side
Project hosts – local private or public organization/company
Local companies involved in CDM project, providing construction, assembly, maintenance services, etc.
Arguments behind:• Project hosts are direct beneficiaries • Local companies might benefit from spillovers
Target group: Technology providers’ side
Corporations with substantial emissions liabilities
Companies entering carbon market technology developers, intermediaries, consulting
Arguments behind: – Corporations are the major emitter if the GHGs and they
must introduce emission reduction strategies – They are initial investors for CDM projects and possess
the most advanced technologies (knowledge) – Majority of companies producing clean technologies are
based in developed countries. CDM market opens new business opportunities for them in developing countries.
CDM actors and institutions map
Framework for analyzing learning under the CDM
Determinants of learning / TC building:- Characteristics and functions of local
participants (technology recipients)- Characteristics and functions of western
companies (technology providers)- Types of linkages among them- Institutional set-up- Country context- Characteristics of technology
Framework for analyzing learning under the CDM
Data base:
• Project info: type, country, location, duration, scale, industry/sector, claim for technology transfer
• Participants info: functions/roles, country, contacts
• Country info: policies for CDM, energy, education, S&T
• Technology info: type, sophistication level, origin (imported/local)
Challenges in proceeding:
• Define indicators for learning:
Technological Capabilities (change)???
• Define indicators for some determinants of learning
e.g. institutions, economic & social ties, trust, linkages, technology characteristics
Expected Contributions:
Academic novelty:• Addressing technology transfer under CDM &
Kyoto Protocol by applying technological capabilities and systems approaches
Social relevance and Policy implications:• Development of favorable policies promoting
– effective technology transfer, knowledge, capabilities’ development
– private investments in the CDM
Thank you!
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