graphene!!! the futuristic element

By,Koushi B.TVI ECA

OVERVIEW Let us know GRAPHENE

Structure

Properties

What makes Graphene different fromothers?

Applications

Potential applications

Challenges

Conclusion

So What is Graphene?World’s first 2D crystal.

Latest invented allotrope of Carbon.

Thinnest ever material in the world.

Obtained from simple and abundant form of carbon

Single layer hexagonal structure.

Konstantin Novoselow and Andre Geim ,Nobel prize for Physics in 2010.

Structure of GrapheneSheets of graphene are bonded by loose bond in graphite.

These bonds are broken and sheets are isolated to form graphene.

These isolated hexagonal sheets are Graphene.

PROPERTIESBreaking Strength 42N/m, 1000 times stronger than

steel.

Thinnest possible material.

High Electrical and Thermal conductivity.

Absorbs 2.3% of light falling on it.

Transparent, Elastic.

What makes Graphene different from others?Unique structure

All in one properties

Low cost

Abundant element

Simple fabrication techniques

Chemically inert

Thermal stability

APPLICATIONS Electrical Engineering• Can replace graphite in brushes of motors.• It can replace copper as conducting material.• When mixed with plastic can be used as conductor with higher

strength

Mechanical Engineering• In manufacturing process as manufacturing material.• As a composite material in machines and cars.• Air planes, space shuttles, satellites.

Electronics Engineering

Will replace or rejuvenate silicon and germanium as device material.

Conducting material on PCBs.

Single molecule sensors.

Touchscreens.

IBM in 2010, 1ST Graphene transistors.

Graphene Integrated Circuits.

Graphene chips.

POTENTIAL APPLICATIONSSolar cells

Graphene biodevices

Nano gaps in Graphene sheets may provide new technique for rapid DNA sequencing.

Transparent conducting electrodes.

Water desalination.

Graphene based sensors could sniff out dangerous molecules.

CHALLENGESUnlike silicon, graphene does not have an energy gap,

and therefore graphene cannot be swithched off resulting in a small on/off ratio.

Single sheet of graphene is hard to produce.

New fabrication methods has to be evolved for normal use in electronics.

CONCLUSIONGraphene is a new hope for electronic devices and could

replace or rejuvenate silicon based devices.

Successful prototypes include superconductors, flexible displays and ultra-capacitor.

It shall introduce new era of devices for electronics, space, bio-medical and energy harvesting.

Graphene devices might surround us very soon.

THANK YOU