greek mythology · the pantheon of greek gods pan·the·on ˈpanthēˌän, ˈpanthēən/ noun all...
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Greek MythologyGreek Gods and Goddesses
The Pantheon of Greek Gods
pan·the·on ˈpanTHēˌän, ˈpanTHēən/
Noun all the gods of a people or religion collectively.
"the deities of the Hindu and Shinto pantheons"
(especially in ancient Greece and Rome) a temple dedicated to all the gods.
noun: Pantheon
a building in which the illustrious dead of a nation are buried or honored.
In t
he
beg
inn
ing… Mother
Earth, the Sky & Seas
The Titans
The Gods
THE GREEK GODS
(D’Aulaire 22)
MOUNT OLYMPUS
◈ All of the Greek gods, except one, live high on a mountaintop in Greece.
◈ The name of the mountain is Mount Olympus.
◈ Because they all live on this mountain, the gods are often referred to as the Olympians.
THE BROTHERS
◈ After the earth was created, three brothers, Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades, drew straws to determine who would rule over the elements of the universe.
◈ With these three brothers and their three sisters, all 13 of the Greek Gods are derived.
ZEUS
◈ His Roman name is Jupiter.
◈ The God of all gods.
◈ He drew the longest straw and was made the god of the sky.
◈ His symbol is the lightning bolt.
◈ He has a problem with fidelity which causes him to father many children.
POSEIDON
◈ His Roman name is Neptune.
◈ He drew the second longest straw and was given the seas to rule.
◈ He is considered the grumpiest of all the Olympians.
◈ He is said to have created horses.
◈ His symbol is the trident.
HADES◈ His Roman name is Pluto.
◈ Of the three brothers, he drew the shortest straw and was given domain over the Underworld.
◈ The Underworld is where all dead people reside.
◈ There are three areas of Hades: ◈ Elysian Fields (where there was peace,
tranquility and happiness),
◈ Fields of Asphodel (which was boring but not painful), and
◈ Hades itself (where souls wandered lost and hopeless).
HERA
◈ Her Roman name is Juno.
◈ She is wife and sister to Zeus.
◈ She is the goddess of marriage.
◈ Even though Zeus has many affairs, they remained married.
◈ Her symbol is feathers and birds.
DEMETER
◈ Her Roman name is Ceres.
◈ She is sister to Zeus.
◈ She is the goddess of the earth (and the seasons).
◈ Her daughter, Persephone, was kidnapped by Hades causing the seasons.
◈ Her symbol is grain.
HESTIA◈ Her Roman name is Vesta.
◈ She is oldest sister to Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, and Hera.
◈ She is the goddess of the hearth and home.
◈ An offering was made to her before and after every meal.
◈ She gave up her throne to Dionysis and took a place in front of the other Olympians, tending the fire.
◈ Her symbol is the fire.
2nd Generation Greek Gods
◈ These Gods and Goddesses are all children of one or more of the first generation of gods.
ATHENA
◈ Her Roman name is Minerva.◈ She was born from her father,
Zeus’, head.◈ She is the goddess of wisdom.◈ Her symbol is the owl.◈ The city of Athens is named for
her.
ARES
◈ His Roman name is Mars.
◈ He is the god of war.
◈ He was much more important to the Romans than to the Greeks.
◈ His throne was said to be covered with skulls.
◈ His symbol is the bloody spear.
APHRODITE◈ Her Roman name is Venus.◈ Some say she is the daughter of
Zeus while others contend she was born of sea-foam.
◈ She is the goddess of love and fertility.
◈ Her symbol is the dove.◈ Her son, Eros (Greek) or Cupid
(Roman) causes people to fall in love.
APOLLO
◈ His Roman name is Apollo.
◈ His one of Zeus’ many illegitimate children. (His twin sister is Artemis.)
◈ He is the god of music, healing, and prophecy.
◈ He pulls the sun across the sky each morning behind his chariot.
◈ His symbol is the lyre.
ARTEMIS
◈ Her Roman name is Diana.
◈ She is another is Zeus’ illegitimate children. (Her twin brother is Apollo.)
◈ She is the goddess of the hunt.
◈ Her symbol is the bow and arrow.
HEPHAESTUS
◈ His Roman name is Vulcan.◈ He is the son of Zeus and Hera.
◈ However, he was born with a lame foot and Hera threw him from Mt. Olympus.
◈ Because he lived inside the mountain, he is known for working with fire.
◈ He is the god of blacksmithing.
◈ His symbol is pottery.
◈ He created the first human woman named Pandora.
HERMES
◈ His Roman name is Mercury.
◈ He is another of Zeus’ illegitimate children.
◈ He is the messenger god, delivering everything from notes to the souls of the dead.
◈ His symbol is his winged shoes.
DIONYSUS
◈ His Roman name is Bacchus.
◈ He is another of Zeus’ illegitimate children.
◈ He is the god of wine.
◈ It was for him that Greek theatre was originated.
◈ His symbol is grapes.
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