green house effect
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The Earth
The Atmosphere
Sun
Our Earth receive most of its energy,
called radiation, from the Sun.
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This Energy is electromagnetic radiationin the visible spectrum, with small amounts of
IR and UV radiations.
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The incoming solar energy has a very short wavelength
and passes through the atmospheric gases unaffected to reach
the Earths surface.
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The Earths surface absorbs the
solar energy and release it back
to the atmosphere as infrared(IR)
radiation, some of which goes
back to space.
IR radiation
(heat)
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IR radiation
(heat)
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IR radiation
(heat)
Some of the IR radiations emitted
by the Earth is absorbed by gases
in the atmosphere that re-emit the
energy as the heat back towards
the Earths surface.
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Three main gases in our atmosphere that
contribute to green house effect are
CO2,methane and water .
Carbon
dioxide
methane
water
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These gases absorb the infrared radiation emitted by
the earth and re-radiate the energy as heat back
towards the earth,causing a warming known as thegreen house effect.
infrared
Absorbing IR radiation.
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With increasing CO2 emissions
from humans,the green house effect
has become drastically exagerrated
This has caused a dangerous
global warming process that is
threatining our current
environment by melting polarice caps and raising see levels
around the globe
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GREEN HOUSE EFFECT:GREEN HOUSE EFFECT:--
natural process that createsnatural process that creates
moderate temperatures on earthmoderate temperatures on earth
to which life has adaptedto which life has adapted
-- Beneficial for sustaining life on earth.Beneficial for sustaining life on earth.
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-Natural
greenhouse effect.
-man-madegreenhouse
effect(enhanced).
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MECHANISM OF GREENMECHANISM OF GREEN
HOUSE EFFECT :HOUSE EFFECT :-- Solar energy reaches earth surface .Solar energy reaches earth surface .
30% directly reflected.30% directly reflected.
Atmosphere absorbs the rays which wereAtmosphere absorbs the rays which were
not reflected in space.not reflected in space.
20% is absorbed by green house gases20% is absorbed by green house gases
in atmosphere.in atmosphere.
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Part of absorbed rays byPart of absorbed rays byearth brings warmth, inearth brings warmth, in
turn directed inturn directed inatmosphere in form ofatmosphere in form ofinfrared rays.infrared rays.
By receiving energyBy receiving energydirectly from sun,greendirectly from sun,greenhouse gases absorbhouse gases absorbinfrared rays .infrared rays .
Heat is reHeat is re--directed indirected inevery direction;particularlyevery direction;particularlyearth .earth .
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Greenhouses are structures designed to retain heat.Greenhouses are structures designed to retain heat.
Look like small glass houseLook like small glass house
Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in thewinter.
Greenhouses work by trapping heat from the sun.
The glass panels of the greenhouse let in light but keep heatfrom escaping.
This causes the greenhouse to heat up.
The heat-trapping ability of a greenhouse is influenced by anumber of factors including the transparency of thegreenhouse cover, color of the surfaces inside thegreenhouse, and type of surfaces inside.
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The Earths atmosphereis all around us. It is the
air that we breathe.
Greenhouse gases inthe atmosphere behave
much like the glasspanels in a greenhouse.
Sunlight enters theEarth's atmosphere,passing through theblanket of greenhousegases.
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As it reaches the Earth's surface,land,water, and biosphere absorb the sunlights
energy .
Once absorbed, this energy is sent backinto the atmosphere.
Some of the energy passes back into
space, but much of it remains
trapped in the atmosphere by the
greenhouse gases, causing our world
to heat up
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WHAT FACTORS IMPACTWHAT FACTORS IMPACT
GREEN HOUSE EFFECT .?GREEN HOUSE EFFECT .? The earth's atmospheric "greenhouse
effect" is a complex ..
Earth temperature depends on greenEarth temperature depends on green
house effect,amount of heating andhouse effect,amount of heating and
cooling are strongly influenced by severalcooling are strongly influenced by several
factors.factors. ALBEDOALBEDOpercentage of solar energypercentage of solar energy
reflected by a surface.reflected by a surface.
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Factors influencing earthFactors influencing earth
albedo:albedo:-- CloudsClouds
SurfaceSurface
OceansOceans
Forested areaForested area
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CAUSES :CAUSES :--
Increase in the quantity of green house gases.Increase in the quantity of green house gases.
The natural causes of the Green house effectThe natural causes of the Green house effect
are the emissions of gases like nitrous oxide,are the emissions of gases like nitrous oxide,carboncarbon--dioxide, methane, ozone and waterdioxide, methane, ozone and watervapour.vapour.
manman--made causes of the Green House effect ismade causes of the Green House effect isdeforestation .deforestation .
Burning of gasoline.Burning of gasoline.
Population growthPopulation growth
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GREEN HOUSE GASES:GREEN HOUSE GASES:--
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide -- 53%53%
MethaneMethane -- 17%17%
0zone0zone -- 13%13%
Nitrous oxideNitrous oxide 12%12%
CFCsCFCs 5%5%
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EMISSION ORIGIN:EMISSION ORIGIN:--
CARBON DIOXIDE:CARBON DIOXIDE:--
burning of fossilburning of fossil
energies,massive destruction of tropicalenergies,massive destruction of tropicalforest.forest.
METHANE:METHANE:--
breeding of ricebreeding of riceculture,garbage dump,exploitation ofculture,garbage dump,exploitation ofpetroleum and gaspetroleum and gas
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OZONE:OZONE:--
transformation of exhaust gases.transformation of exhaust gases.
NITROUS OXIDE:NITROUS OXIDE:--
agricultural fertilizers.agricultural fertilizers.
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Contributers toContributers to
Greenhouse Effect :Greenhouse Effect :-- The greenhouse gasesThe greenhouse gases
include water vaporinclude water vapor
with three atoms ,with three atoms ,
ozone , carbon dioxide ,ozone , carbon dioxide ,and methane. Also,and methane. Also,
trace quantities oftrace quantities of
chlorofluorochlorofluoro--carbonscarbons
can have acan have adisproportionately largedisproportionately large
effect.effect.
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ROLE IN CLIMATEROLE IN CLIMATE
CHANGE :CHANGE :-- Enhanced greenhouse effectEnhanced greenhouse effectincreaseincrease
in radiative forcingin radiative forcingincrease CO2 level.increase CO2 level.
Increased CO2 levelIncreased CO2 leveladditionaladditional
absorption and emission of thermalabsorption and emission of thermalinfraredinfrarednet warming.net warming.
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WHAT IS BEING DONE TOWHAT IS BEING DONE TO
REDUCE GLOBALW
ARM
ING:REDUCE GLOBALW
ARM
ING:-- by reducing dependence on fossil fuels,by reducing dependence on fossil fuels,
increasing the use of renewable energy,increasing the use of renewable energy,
expanding forests,expanding forests,
and making lifestyle choices that help toand making lifestyle choices that help tosustain the environment.sustain the environment.
..
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warmer,hotter climate conditions.warmer,hotter climate conditions.
Desertification and soil erosion willDesertification and soil erosion will
increase.increase. Coastal areas more proan to flooding.Coastal areas more proan to flooding.
Tropical storms and hurricanes.Tropical storms and hurricanes.
Health diseases like chronic .Health diseases like chronic .
Insect carrying diseases like malaria.Insect carrying diseases like malaria.
Marine life will be affected.Marine life will be affected.
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Positive effects :Positive effects :--
Milder climate conditions make survivalMilder climate conditions make survival
possible.possible.
Plant productivity would increasePlant productivity would increasebiodiversity.biodiversity.
We wont freeze to death .We wont freeze to death .
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Increase in temperatureIncrease in temperature global warming.global warming.
Melting of permafrost would release moreMelting of permafrost would release more
methanemethane
Species like polar bear,seals areSpecies like polar bear,seals are
becoming extinct.becoming extinct.
Native people finding it harder to hunt .Native people finding it harder to hunt .
Herbivores would need to change theirHerbivores would need to change theireating patternseating patterns change in biodiversity ..change in biodiversity ..
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