greening partners healthcare

From the Ground Up Introducing Green at Partners Healthcare

Nexus / Green Roundtable

May 6, 2010

Scope

Organization

Energy

Research

Design

20 MILE R

ADIUS

Partners Hospitals

47,000 employees

14.5M sf owned and leased

PEOPLEPatients and Employees

Comfort and Safety

PLANETEnvironmental PerformanceCommunity Health

PROFITEconomic Performance

Improved Efficiency

PRESSUREIncreasing Regulation

PRESSUREIncreasing

CompetitionPRESSURE

AND OPPORTUNITY

CAUSE FOR ACTION THE TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE

Current world average1.3 x sustainability level

United States4.6 x sustainability level

60% of US footprint is CO2 from fossil fuels

THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT Ref.1 IS A MEASURE OF

THE HUMAN DEMAND ON NATURAL RESOURCES

VS. THE EARTH’S CAPACITY TO REGENERATE ITSELF Typical

US acute care

hospital approx. 15-20 x

sustainable level Ref.2

Ref 1: The Ecological Footprint Atlas 2008. Oakland: Global Footprint Network. Ref 2: Guenther and Vittori Sustainable Healthcare Architecture pp.368-370

[Costa Rica]1.0 x sustainability level

CAUSE FOR ACTION PLANET and ENVIRONMENT

ACTION AREAS

SITE / LOCATION

TRANSPORTATION

BUILT ENVIRONMENTENERGYWATERWASTE

TOXINS / HAZMATFOOD

CLINICAL / RESEARCH EQUPT

RESPONSIBLE PARTIES

Primary

Secondary

BWHMGHSRHFaulknerNSMCNWHSKRHRHCIUnionMVNantucket

Real E

state

& Faciliti

es

Faciliti

es Eng

ineeri

ng

Purcha

sing /

Mate

rials M

gmt

Inform

ation

syste

ms

Human

Resou

rces

Building

s and

Grou

nds

Parking

/ Com

muter S

ervice

s

Enviro

nmen

tal Serv

ices

Dietary

Service

s

Clinicia

ns / R

esea

rchers

Nursing

Infec

tion C

ontro

l

PHSOrganization

WHAT PARTNERS IS DOING

All medical, research materials governed by state and federal regulation

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) program

Eliminate Mercury

Reduce/eliminate toxic cleaning materials, herbicides, pesticides

New building materials to eliminate off-gasing e.g. rubber floors, non-toxic glues

Construction waste increasingly governed by state regulation and LEED

WASTE / TOXINS / HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

GOAL Improved enforcement, process design

WHAT PARTNERS IS DOING

Electronic faucets

Low flow toilets and showers

Convert to digital imaging (X-rays, MRI’s, etc.)

Gray water recycling

Cooling tower blow-down water

Drought-resistant planting/drip irrigation

WATER

PARTNERS CONSUMES 1.5 MILLION GALLONS OF WATER PER DAYGOAL 30% reduction in water use by 2018

If you replace a pre-1980 model

that uses

7 GALLONS per flush

You’ll save

5.4 GALLONS per flush or 77%

If you replace a pre-1980 model

that uses

5 GALLONS per flush

You’ll save

3.4 GALLONSper flush or 68%

If you replace a pre-1980 model

that uses

3.5 GALLONS

per flush

You’ll save

1.9 GALLONS

per flush or 54%

WHAT PARTNERS IS DOING

Healthy Eating programs

Healthy Heart/ Diabetes Self-Management

Cafeterias menu options/Local Purchasing

Eliminate polystyrene

Sustainable flatware/ materials

Composting

GOAL Energy and Materials reduction; Healthy Menu in every hospital

FOOD

10 MILES

MIT Dept of Civil Engineering, 2008

Home Addresses MGH, BWH, SRH Based on 39,026 employee addresses

TRANSPORTATION

H

HH

Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital

Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Massachusetts General Hospital

EMPLOYEES SELECTION SETS

TRANSPORTATION HOSPITAL MODE SPLIT

MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL

BRIGHAM AND WOMEN’S HOSPITAL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

OPTIONS transit subsidies / shuttle / carpool / zipcar / bikes / walking

CONNECTED WORK A TELEWORKING PROGRAM Wellesley Gateway

10 MILES

RESERVABLE WORKSPACES

HUDDLE ROOMS

TEMPORARY LOCKERS

15-30 MINUTE TOUCHDOWN

SPACES

CONNECTED WORK A TELEWORKING PROGRAM Wellesley Gateway

# Pilot Participants 114

ConnectedWork Stations 12 + 3

Permanent Work Stations Released 40

  Net Work Spaces Released 25

Net Person Days Worked 570

Days Worked from Home 193

Days Worked in CW Suite 377

Average Daily Commute (total both ways) 40 miles

Commuting Miles Avoided/Week 7,720

  Gallons of Gas Saved/Week (25 miles/gal.) 309

Commuting Miles Avoided/Year 402,984

  Equivalent Pounds of CO2 Emissions 312,876EN

V.

BE

N.

EM

PL

OY

EE

B

EN

EF

ITS

PA

RT

NE

RS

B

EN

EF

ITS

CONNECTED WORK A TELEWORKING PROGRAM Wellesley Gateway

Partners overall energy reduction target 2008–2018, in line with State and Federal targets

Partners consumes 364,761,721 kWh of electricity per year, equivalent to electrical consumption for 47,000 single family homes*

ENERGY TARGETS SYSTEM WIDE

-25%

* http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/esr/table5.xls

Health Care second most energy intensive use in commercial sector

approx. 250 kBtu/sf/year

ENERGY

ENERGY TARGETS SYSTEM WIDE

ENERGYCapital Investment to achieve 28.2% Energy Reduction

Total Energy Conservation Measures $61M

Boilers/Condensate Heat Recovery

5.1%, $3.3M

New Chiller System1%, $.7M

Unoccupied Lighting Control

3.5%, $4.6M

Water Source Heat Pumps9.4%, $5.5

Fume Hoods16.7%, $14.2M

AHU Modifications and OA Control

57.7%, $28.2M

Retro-Commissioning HVAC6.6%, $4.5M

80

180 INPUT

100

Conventional Grid180 input / 100 output

45% energy loss

SINGLE PURPOSE BOILER PLANTOn site, decentralized

CENTRAL ELECTRICAL PLANTOffsite

ENERGY STRATEGY Supply EfficiencyConventional Systems

30

60

40

20

60

60

40

60

40Total

Output

100

INPUT 130 70% of conventional

Conventional Grid180 input / 100 output

45% energy loss

COMBINED HEAT and POWER

On-site, decentralized

Distributed Power130 input / 100 output23% energy loss

ENERGY STRATEGY Supply EfficiencyCombined Heat and Power

30

60

40

20

60

60

40

60

40Total

Output

100

Target 146 kBtus/sf/year

ENERGY STRATEGY NEW BUILDINGS

CBECS/HC 250 kBtus/sf/year

?? Existing Buildings ??

-42%

• Proposed new Rehabilitation Hospital on Brownfield site

• 261,300 s.f. above ground / 117,000 s.f. below• 8 Story building• 5 inpatient floors • 3 floor base of outpatient, support services, and

public spaces• 132 private inpatient beds• 120 adult beds/ 12 pediatric beds

• 76% of the ground floor dedicated to public activities – café, conference rooms, gift shop, chapel, pool

• Designed as a model hospital for accessibility and barrier free design, inside and out

• Incorporates latest sustainable and energy efficient technologies targeting LEED Silver rating

PROPOSEDNEW CONSTRUCTION

PERKINS+ WILL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD, BOSTON

REGENERATIVE DESIGN

ENERGY

MATERIAL LIFE-CYCLE

WATER

ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION

DAYLIGHTING + CIRCADIAN RHYTHM

NATURE / BIOPHILIA

MATERIAL HEALTH

HEALTH + WELL-BEING

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

RESILIENCE

BEAUTY + INSPIRATION

COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY

RESOURCES

HEALTH

& WELL-BEING

COMMUNITY

NATURE

REGENERATIVE DESIGN PERKINS+ WILL

CRITERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE HEALTHCARE FRAMEWORK

New Technologies

Fuel Cell cogeneration

Glazing / Perimeter radiation

Displacement Ventilation

Graywater

…and the Issues

Infection Control (patient and employee

safety)

Psychometric comfort

Energy Reduction

Capital Cost

RESEARCH PERKINS+ WILL

CRITERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE HEALTHCARE FRAMEWORK

INPATIENT FLOOR

• Incorporate Design Elements for Human Delight

• Noise Reduction/ Improved Acoustical Environment

• Incorporate Natural Elements into Interior Spaces

• Views to Vegetated (Green) Roof• Views to Nature• Enhanced Daylighting for Patient

Rooms• Patient Control Over Thermal Comfort• Operable Windows for Passive

Survivability

PERKINS+ WILL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD, BOSTON

• Daylighting o Patient Rooms (Clerestory Windows)o Multipurpose Roomso Therapy Gymso Office Areas

• Building Envelope Performance Improvemento High Performance Glazing/ Quad

Glazing at Patient Rooms o Reduced Glazing %o Increased Insulation

• Natural Ventilationo Therapy Gymso Multi-purpose Rooms/ “Porches”/

Patient Education

PERKINS+ WILL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD, BOSTON

BUILDING ENVELOPE

BUILDING 114

• High Efficiency Chillers, Boilers and other HVAC Equipment

• High Efficiency Lighting Fixtures• Cogeneration – Natural Gas Fuel

Cello Provides % of electricity for building.o Heat is used for hot water reheat

and for ice melt on site.o Excess heat is transferred to hot

water and piped to Building 114.

FUEL CELL

BUILDING SYSTEMSENERGY USE REDUCTION

PERKINS+ WILL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD, BOSTON

• Rainwater Collection for Irrigation• Water-efficient Plumbing Fixtures• Graywater Collection/ Treatment for

Cooling Tower Make-Up and Toilet Flushing.

RAINWATER COLLECTED FROM ROOFS AND STORED IN CISTERN. USED PRIMARILY FOR IRRIGATION. OVERFLOW IS SENT TO GRAYWATER CISTERN.

BLOWDOWN & CONDENSATE FROM COOLING TOWER ARE COLLECTED, TREATED & STORED IN GRAYWATER CISTERN. MOST OF THE WATER IS USED FOR COOLING TOWER MAKE-UP, WITH EXCESS USED FOR TOILET FLUSHING.

BUILDING SYSTEMSWATER USE REDUCTION

PERKINS+ WILL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD, BOSTON

RESEARCH HEATING AND VENTILATION

In Progress Two Studies

Buro Happold Spaulding HospitalBuilding envelope / Perimeter radiation

Mazzetti Nash Lipsey Burch / Stantec / TCIDisplacement Ventilation

Common Issues

Infection Control (patient and employee safety)

Psychometric comfort

Energy Reduction

Capital Cost

P1 Head

P2 feet

V2 Head and feet

V1 Head and feet

Typical Patient Room

Boundary Conditions

Interior surfaces – 70 deg F

Exterior walls – 68 deg F

Glass –

Night time – no solar radiation

No additional internal thermal loads have been accounted for.

Infiltration modeled at 0.12 ACH supply condition (at 5 deg F) spread across window frame.

BUILDING ENVELOPE - PATIENT ROOM COMFORT STUDY

BUILDING ENVELOPE - PATIENT ROOM COMFORT STUDY

The Patient Room Comfort Study showed that eliminating the fin tube radiation and installing quad glazing would allow for the same thermal comfort with an initial capital cost savings of $300,000 and operating savings throughout the life of the building.

V1 feet

P1

V2 head

P2 feet

BUILDING ENVELOPE - PATIENT ROOM COMFORT STUDY

V1 feet

P1 & P2 V2 head

Summary – The air speed, air temperature, and mean radiant temperature calculated in the CFD models indicates that an all air heating system will maintain thermal comfort in the patient rooms assuming that triple pane glass is used in the window assemblies with a thermally broken frame.

Just right

BUILDING ENVELOPE - PATIENT ROOM COMFORT STUDY

Displacement Ventilation

Cooling mode

4 air changes per hour

Conventional Overhead Ventilation

Cooling mode

6 air changes per hour

Mazzetti Nash Lipsey Burch / Stantec / TCI

RESEARCH DISPLACEMENT VENTILATION

VIEW FROM 1ST AVENUE PERKINS+ WILL

SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD, BOSTON

Partners HealthCareSustainable Initiatives

Nexus / Green Roundtable

May 6, 2010

thanks to:

Perkins + Will

Buro Happold

CDM / Jacobs

Mazzetti Nash Lipsey Burch

TCI

Partners IS

MIT Dept of Civil Engineering

Practice Greenhealth