growing tensions texas history, ch. 8 1820s texas settlements texas economy was closely tied to the...

GROWING TENSIONSTexas History, Ch. 8

1820s TEXAS SETTLEMENTS

Texas’ economy was closely tied to the economy of the United States, since most immigrants to Texas came from there.

HADEN EDWARDS Haden Edwards

was awarded contract in East Texas, near Nacogdoches

Edwards found that settlers were already living on his lands.

REPUBLIC OF FREDONIA Edwards’ brother,

Benjamin, and a small group of settlers took over the Old Stone Fort in Nacogdoches

They proclaimed themselves an independent country from Mexico.

REPUBLIC OF FREDONIA

Mexican soldiers were sent to put down the revolt. Most Fredonians fled back into the U.S. The Mexican government began to distrust Anglo settlers.

OLD STONE FORTNacogdoches

was the site of the 1st clash between colonists and Mexican authorities.

Investigation into Revolt Mexican soldiers were sent to

Nacogdoches to prevent new uprisings.

Colonel Mier y Teran observed that the Anglo American influence was strong, as settlers from the U.S. outnumbered Mexican settlers.

NEW LAWS In 1829, the president of Mexico

issued a decree, or order that has the force of law, abolishing slavery in both Mexico and Texas.

Texans wanted to be exempt, or excused, from this decree.

Law never put into effect, but raised fears among Anglo-American slaveholders.

LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830 New forts created Custom duties were placed on

American goods Empresario contracts were

suspended The purpose of the law was to deny

further Anglo-American influence in East Texas

LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830Ended all

immigration from the United States

ANAHUACPort and

Mexican garrison that controlled commerce into Mexico

Commanded by John Davis Bradburn

ANAHUACBradburn was unpopular with the settlers; he arrested Travis and Jack for interfering with the collection of import taxes.

ANAHUACThe Mexican commander of Nacogdoches garrison sided with settlers and removed Bradburn from command.

BATTLE OF VELASCO John Austin traveled

to get a cannon to fight against Bradburn at Anahuac.

Mexican troops under Col. Ugartechea thought Austin was a rebel.

BATTLE OF VELASCO

The two groups fought; Ugartechea and his troops surrendered.

TURTLE BAYOU RESOLUTIONS

While waiting for John Austin’s return, colonists adopted a resolution declaring their loyalty to Mexico.

TURTLE BAYOU RESOLUTIONS

A resolution is a formal statement.

MEXICAN REVOLUTION Santa Anna was

popular with the colonists because he declared he was a Federalist.

Anastasio Bustamente was the unpopular Centralist President of Mexico.

CONVENTIONS OF 1832-1833

Delegates met at San Felipe and resolved that Texas become a separate Mexican state

Prepared a constitution for the proposed state

CONVENTIONS OF 1832, 1833

Austin traveled to Mexico City to meet with Santa Anna.

AUSTIN IS ARRESTEDOn his return to

Texas, Austin was arrested in Saltillo for a letter he had written to authorities in San Antonio

Austin spent a year in jail in Mexico City

Cos claimed Santa Anna now rejected the Constitution of 1824.

MARTIN DE COS Commander of

Mexican forces in Coahuila

Brother-in-law of Santa Anna

Wanted to arrest Texas leaders

CONSULTATION OF 1835

Texas colonists concerned about the situation and called for a convention at Washington-On-The-Brazos.

WASHINGTON-ON-THE-BRAZOS

Peace Party vs. War PartyStephen F. Austin

returned from Mexico and told delegates to prepare for war.

“War is our only resource.”

TEXAS in 1835

Austin approved the actions of the Consultation because he thought Santa Anna was becoming a dictator.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

REVIEW QUESTION

Where was the Consultation of 1835 held?• Mexico City• Washington-on-the-Brazos• San Felipe

answer

Washington-On-The-Brazos

REVIEW QUESTION

Austin said, “War is our only resource!” Why? He thought war would help the

economy He believed Santa Anna had become

a dictator He believed war was the only way for

Texas to stay apart from Mexico

answer

He believed Santa Anna had become a dictator

REVIEW QUESTION

With which country’s economy was Texas most closely tied?United StatesFranceSpain

answer

The United States

REVIEW QUESTION

What action suspended empresario contracts and immigration to Texas from the U.S.?The Law of April 6, 1830Mexican Constitution of 1824Consultation of 1832-1833

answer

Law of April 6, 1830

REVIEW QUESTION

What was the purpose of the Law of April 6, 1830?To eliminate import taxesTo deny Spanish occupationTo deny further Anglo-American

influence in Texas

answer

To deny further Anglo-American influence in Texas.

REVIEW QUESTION

Who was Martin de Cos?Representative to the Coahuila y

Tejas legislatureCommander of Mexican forces in

CoahuilaGovernor of Mexico

answer

Commander of Mexican forces in Coahuila

REVIEW QUESTION

Why was Santa Anna initially popular with the Texas colonists?He declared himself a CentralistHe declared himself a RepublicanHe declared himself a Federalist

answer

Santa Anna declared he was a Federalist.

REVIEW QUESTION

What did the 1829 decree do?Ended immigration to TexasEnded slavery in Mexico, but not

in TexasEnded slavery in both Mexico

and Texas

answer

It abolished slavery in Mexico, but not in Texas

REVIEW QUESTION

What did Empressario Haden Edwards find upon his arrival in Nacogdoches in East Texas?A Native American villageA fertile wildernessPeople already living on the land

answer

People were already living on the land.

REVIEW QUESTION

Why did Benjamin Edwards seize the Old Stone Fort in Nacogdoches?To frighten Native Americans To revolt against Austin’s colonyTo declare independence from

Mexico

answer

To declare independence from Mexico

REVIEW QUESTION

What happened as a result of the Fredonian Revolt?The U.S. lost interest in TexasThe Mexican government began

to distrust Anglo settlersFredonia gained its

independence

answer

The Mexican government began to distrust Anglo settlers

REVIEW QUESTION

Where was the site of the 1st clash between Texas colonists and Mexican troops?NacogdochesRepublic of FredoniaWashington-on-the-Brazos

answer

The Old Stone Fort at Nacogdoches.

REVIEW QUESTION

What were the Turtle Bay Resolutions? Document that Santa Anna promised

to support Constitution for the proposed

Mexican state of Texas Statements in which colonists

declared loyalty to Mexico

answer

Statements in which colonists declared loyalty to Mexico

REVIEW QUESTION

After Mier y Teran and 200 Mexican soldiers put down the revolt at Fredonia, what did he observe? Anglo American influence was strong Settlers were mostly Catholic Settlers owned no slaves

answer

Mier y Teran observed that the Anglo-America influence was strong.

REVIEW QUESTION

Why did Ugartechea try to arrest John Austin at the Battle of Velasco? Austin refused to pay customs duties Ugartechea thought Austin was a

rebel There was a warrant for Austin’s

arrest

answer

Ugartechea thought Austin was a rebel.

REVIEW QUESTION

Where were the conventions of 1832 and 1833 held? What was resolved in 1833? San Felipe; to declare Texas a

separate Mexican state Washington-on-the-Brazos; to end

Mexican rule in Texas Nacogdoches; to accept the Mexican

constitution

answer

San Felipe; to declare Texas a separate Mexican state

REVIEW QUESTION

What is an order that has the force of law? Rule Constitution Decree

answer

Decree

REVIEW QUESTION

Who was arrested for writing a letter to authorities in San Antonio?Patrick C. JackStephen F. AustinHaden Edwards

answer

Stephen F. Austin

REVIEW QUESTION

Who was the Centralist President of Mexico?Martin de CosSanta AnnaAnastasio Bustamante

answer

Anastasio Bustamente

REVIEW QUESTION

What is a “formal statement?”OrderDecreeResolution

answer

Resolution

REVIEW QUESTION

What was the issue causing trouble in Anahuac in 1835?Collection of import taxesImprisonment of AustinTrade with Native Americans

answer

Collection of import taxes

GOOD LUCK ON THE TEST!TEXAS HISTORY CHAPTER 8: