gsm cdma 3g.ppt
Post on 01-Jun-2018
236 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
1/61
1
Presentation On GSM, CDMA and 3G
Technologies
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
Training from 07.01.02 To 01.02.02
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
2/61
2
• Growing a Cellular
Network
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
• Interleaing, GMS! "odulationetc#•
GP$S• %ireless Internet & Challenges ' Technologies#• cd"a
• %(cd"a ' 3G Technologies#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
3/61
3
Growing a CellularNetwork
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
Start(u)
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
4/61
4
Growing a CellularNetwork
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
+
3
-
.
/
0
/
-
0
+
3
-
-
.
/
0
+
.
/
0
+
0
+
3
-
3
-
./
3
-
.
Co")lete Channel Assign"ent 1or 2arge Cell(
N0
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
5/61
5
Growing a CellularNetwork
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
Co")lete S*ste" Ma) with Channel Grou) Assign"ent 1or
N0
+
3
-
.
/
0
/
0
+
3-
+
0/
.
-
3
-
.
-.
/0
+
-
3
+
0
3
-.
/
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
6/61
6
Growing a CellularNetwork
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
Method o4 Assigning Channel Grou)s to S"all cells
N0
+
3
.
0
/
0
+
-
+
0/
.
-
3
-
.
-.
/
-
3
+
0
3
-.
/
-
3
0
+
/5-6
5/6
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
7/61
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
8/61
8
1re7uenc* $euse and ChannelAssign"ent
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC
• The )ara"eter N is 8nu"9er o4 channels )er grou): or
8 nu"9er o4 cells )er cluster:#
• The alue nor"all* used 4or N is 0 4or North A"erican
S*ste"sand - 4or GSM s*ste"s#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
9/61
9
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCConsiderations 1or Start(u)
S*ste"
• %hen the coerage area is large, $1 )ro)agationcharacteristics ar* so "uch that a single cell radius"a* not 9e suita9le 4or the entire s*ste"#
• A relatiel* large cell radius is a))ro)riate 4or sections
o4 the s*ste" in which )ath loss increases relatiel*slowl* with distance#
• ;ut this cell radius would )roduce inade7uate
coerage in sections o4 the s*ste" with "ore seere)ath loss#• Si"ilarl* a relatiel* s"all cell radius is necessar* 4orsections in which )ath loss is seere#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
10/61
10
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCConsiderations 1or Start(u)
S*ste"
• ;ut using this s"all cell radius in sections that hae"ilder )ath loss would in
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
11/61
11
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCCell S)litting
• The alue o4 reuse 4actor, N, "ust 9e relatiel* )ri"ewith res)ect to alue o4 t*)e o4 s)lit#
• This ensures that oice channel 4re7uenc*assign"ent re"ains unchanged when new cell sites
are added#• The s)litting )atterns that can 9e used 4or ariousalues o4 N
are > 1or N3, use ->+ cell s)litting# 1or N-, use 3>+ cell s)litting# 1or N0, use 3>+ or ->+ cell s)litting#• In case o4 ->+ s)litting when a new cell site is located at9order 9etween two cell areas the new site has radiusone(hal4 o4 the larger cell# Thus area coered 9* new cellis one 4ourth o4 the area coered 9* older larger cell#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
12/61
12
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCSeg"entation and
Duali?ation
Seg"entation
• Seg"entation diides the channel grou) intoseg"ents o4 "utuall* e@clusie oice channel
4re7uencies#• ;* assigning di=erent seg"ents to )articular cellsites the co(channel inter4erence is aoided 9etweenthese cell sites#
• So"eti"es additional cell sites are added at less thanre(use distance wo using co")lete cell s)litting)rocess#
• The disadantage with seg"entation is that theca)acit* o4 seg"ented cells is lower#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
13/61
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
14/61
14
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC Growing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
• The de"and 4or serice at start is 9ased u)oncarried traBc load#
• Coerage and inter4erence are )redicted usingso4tware tools with actual terrain data and geogra)hicallocations# $euse 4actor0# Aerage TraBc )er cell /"#
Aerage Call Duration + s Grade o4 Serice E#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
15/61
15
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCGrowing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
+
3 -
. /
(2)
(3) (4) (5)
(7)(6)
275
285 1108 1085
1085 1122
Start(u) 5 Ste) 6 > ;FCA -,/#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
16/61
16
Increased de"and 4or serice > Growth Ste) +
• Hoice channel 4re7uencies 4ro" channel grou) + areassignedat cell site 0#
• Since channel grou) + is not used at an* sitethere is no
4re7uenc* reuse in the s*ste"#
• Channel grou)s 4ro" which oice channel4re7uencies are
assigned at cell site 3 ' - are e@hausted#• A new cell site 0 is added 9etween 3' -#
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
17/61
17
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCGrowing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
+
3 -
. /
(2)
(3) (4) (5)
(7)(6)
356
353 1307 1292
1150 1196
Growth Ste) + > ;FCA /,#
0
(1)554
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
18/61
18
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCGrowing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
Ta9le ( Growth Ste) +
CellSite
ChannelGr#No#
;FCA TraBc5 rlangs 6
No# o4Hoice ch#
+ 3./ #/
+/ 3 3.3 #+
+/ 3 - +30 33#-- - . + 33#.
-- . / ++. #
3 / 0 ++/ 3+#+
-+ 0 + ..- +-#- Total /, +/+#-+
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
19/61
19
Increase in de"and 4or serice > GrowthSte) • Channel grou)s 4ro" which oice channel
4re7uencies areassigned at cell site . ' / are e@hausted#
• A new cell site is added 9etween .' /#
• The oice channel 4re7uencies 4ro" channel grou) 3areused at cell site #
• The increased de"and 4or serice can still 9esatisJed
without 4re7uenc* reuse since channel grou) 3 can9e
seg"ented and di=erent 4re7uencies can 9eassigned at cell
sites ' #
G i ll l S A
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
20/61
20
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCGrowing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
+
3 -
. /
(2)
(3) (4) (5)
(7)(6)
386
400 1282 1252
1265 1308
Growth Ste) > ;FCA /,-0#
0
(1)542
512
(3)
G i ll l S t A
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
21/61
21
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCGrowing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
Ta9le ( Growth Ste)
CellSite
ChannelGr#No#
;FCA TraBc5 rlangs 6
No# o4Hoice ch#
+ 3/ +#-
+0 3 - +#-
+0 3 - + 33#33-3 - . +. 3#..
- . / +/. 3#
- / 0 +3 3-#
-- 0 + .- +-#
Total /,-0 +#/+
-
3 .+ +3#3+
+
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
22/61
22
1urther increase in de"and 4or serice > GrowthSte) 3• Cell site is added 9etween cell sites 3 ' -,
and cell site + is added 9etween cell sites - ' /#
• 1re7uenc* channel grou) is seg"ented and oicechannel 4re7uencies 4ro" channel grou) are assigned
to Cell site #• In order to re(use so"e o4 the oice channel4re7uencies o4 channel grou) no# /, Duali?ation isused at cell site .#
• The oice channel 4re7uencies assigned to )ri"ar*serer grou) o4 cell site . are reused at cell site +#
G i ll l S t A
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
23/61
23
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCGrowing a cellular S*ste" &An
@a")le#
2
1
3 4
6
(2)
(3)(4) (5)
(7)
397
3951230 1232
1265
742
Growth Ste) 3 > ;FCA /,-#
7
(1)541
4098
(3)
9 10
(2) (6)
459 469
5
(6)
435
639
G i ll l S t A
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
24/61
24
Growing a cellular S*ste" &An@a")le#
Ta9le ( Growth Ste) 3
CellSite
ChannelGr#No#
;FCA TraBc5 rlangs 6
No# o4Hoice ch#
+ 30 +#3
+0 3 3. +#0+0 3 - +3 3+#- - . +3 3#3- . Pri"ar* / -3. ++#3+
+ / 0 0- +#0 0 + .-+ +-#/ +
Total /,- +#/.
/3
3 - +#/3 +0
. Secondar* / /3 +/#/+-
-/ +#+
+ + / -. ++#3+
CDMA F d t l
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
25/61
25
CDMA Fundamental
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC S)read S)ectru"
S)reader De(s)reader
Spread Spectrum is a communication technique wheretransmission bandwidth is much larger than information
bandwidth
!hannel
"# $#
%nformation &andwidth' &
"ransmission
&andwidth '
&
*& + ,rocessing -ain
CDMA F d t l
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
26/61
26
CDMA Fundamental
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC S)read S)ectru"
S)reader De(s)reader
Spread Spectrum is a communication technique wheretransmission bandwidth is much larger than information
bandwidth
!hannel
"# $#
%nformation &andwidth' &
"ransmission
&andwidth '
&
*& + ,rocessing -ain
CDMA F d t l
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
27/61
27
CDMA Fundamental
ALT CENTRE
ALTTCDirect Sequence SpreadSpectru
$#di(t)
Channel
c(t)
S)reading
Carriercircuit
c(t)
Carriercircuit
De(S)reading
Mat!"ed
Filter
do(t)
di5t6 ;inar* Data atin)ut do5t6 ;inar* Data atout)ut
CDMA F d t l
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
28/61
28
CDMA Fundamental Direct Sequence Spreading
;i)olar data d5t6
;i)olar s)reading code
c5t6
s)read data d5t6 @ c5t6
K+
(+
K+
(+
(+
K+
T
Tc ;%+ T
≈≈
;%+Tc
;%+Tc
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
29/61
CDMA F d t l
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
30/61
30
CDMA Fundamental
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC Partial Spreading By Coding and Repetition
/b
&
/ncoder
(n')
$epeat
mtimes
!(t)ata
$2 $4$1 $3
&$2*$1 m&$2*$1
/b$1*$2
/b$1
*m$2 /b*,-
$2*$1 + !ode $ate *n
$4*$3 + Spreading actor
$4*$1 + *& + ,rocessing -ain
CDMA F ndamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
31/61
31
CDMA Fundamental
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC Basic Concept of Multimedia CDMA
/b
S p r e a d e r
4 e
s p r e a d e r
. /b*o determines the
probabilit oferror. "he interference caused
b an class of ser0ice
is proportional to data
rate
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
32/61
32
CDMA Fundamental
ALT CENTRE
ALTTC Eb/o Ratio
/b
. ifferent users operate at
different data rates with
different frame acti0ities
. "he effecti0e noise o
is residual interferencecaused b other users at
despreader output
. o fluctuates with time
depending upon who istransmitting during the frame
Co")osite
S)ectru" A4terDe(s)reading
eff
o
berror
N
E erfc P
=
2
1
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
33/61
33
CDMA Fundamental
Co!erage "s Eb/o Ratio
. 8arge loading raises the noise le0el8arger power
is required to maintain the required /b*o"he cellshrins
. !ell boundaries are defined b the interference
le0el!ell breathes that is e#pands at night and
shrins during datime
. %n %S95 the /b*o ratio required for good qualit
0oice is 6 db
. e get the same 0oice qualit all the times:owe0er taling at time when number of users are less
requires less power to be transmitted ;nd hence
sa0es batter life
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
34/61
34
CDMA Fundamental
Co!erage "s Eb/o Ratio
. 8arge loading raises the noise
le0el8arger power is requiredto maintain the required
/b*o"he cell shrins
. !ell boundaries are defined
b the interference le0el
. umber of acti0e users
determine the si
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
35/61
35
CDMA Fundamental
Cell Splitting and #nstant Base Stations
. "he new cell causes the e#isting cells to lower
their power
Ga) in
coeragecaused 9*oerload
. o frequenc planning is in0ol0ed in putting new
cell site
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
36/61
36
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model ()*
. ; mobile recei0er intercepts a composite
signal S1 from its base station %t also
recei0es the signal from other ad=acent
base stations( S2' S3'S4')
S+
S
S3
S-
D e
& ' r e a
d e r
Filter Dete!tor
S-
S3
S
S+
S-
S3
S
desired
&
/b
o
S+ undesired
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
37/61
37
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model (+*
. "he signal recei0ed at mobile that belongs to base
station > ( before espreading ) is
nS S S r j
i Mi
jk
i L
ik j jk k
o
k j
Mj
k +∑++==≠=
∗ ∗∑∑∗= )(
1
)(
1,1
)0()()0(
)0(α α α
Distance attenuation 9etween 9ase station 5i6 and"o9ile k#
In(cellInter4erence
Out(o4(cellInter4erence
Ther"alnoise
=k
i )(α
S)read signal 4ro" 9ase station 5i6 and intended 4or connected
"o9ile L#
=i
jS
=i
M No# o4 "o9iles connected to 9asestation i#
= L No# o4 adLacent 9ase stations#
Desired
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
38/61
38
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model (,*
. "he signal espreader output consists of
Desired Signal >
Most o4 energ* is within in4or"ation 9andwidth ;#
The strength o4 this co")onent de)ends u)on ti"ingaccurac*#
In & Cell residual Inter4erence >
Ideall* this co")onent is su))osed to 9e ?ero
5orthogonalit* 6#
Multi()ath distorts this orthogonalit*#
The strength o4 this co")onent de)ends u)on dela* s)read# Out(o4 & Cell residual Inter4erence >
This co")onent is generall* not orthogonal to desired one#
The leel at de(s)reader out)ut nearl* e7uals the leel atin)ut#
Ther"al Noise >
The noise co")onent is not e=ected 9* de(s)reading#
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
39/61
39
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model (-*
. "he /b*o for user is calculated as ?
In cell(residual cross(correlation s"all nu"9er +#=ζ Total )ower trans"itted 4ro" 9asestation i#
=total
i P
=o
M No# o4 "o9iles connected at desired 9asestation i#
= L No# o4 adLacent 9ase stations#
k p
Bb
k E ∗〉
〈∗= 21 )0(α
+
∗+= ∑∑
≠==
Mo
k j j
L
i j
P k total
i P
k
i
W N o N
,11
)0(*
2)0(*
)(*
2)(1α ζ α
S)read signal )ower 4ro" 9ase station to "o9ile L#=i p )0(
A )ath loss 9etween 9ase station i and"o9ile k#
=2
)(
k
iα
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
40/61
40
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model (.*
. *& is the processing gain' -
Noiseerferencecell Inerferencecell of Out power Tx PathlossG
No Eb
++= int _ _ int _ _ _ .**
. ;s an appro#imation we ma drop noise and
in@cell@interference
erferencecell of Out
power Tx PathlossG
No
Eb
int _ _ _
.**≈
. %n !A; power control eeps /b*o constant for all
users
. Bsers at cell boundaries need more power because of
high path loss and high out@of@cell@interference
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
41/61
41
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model (*
Desired
Inter4erence
Iooc
ooc
t
I
pG
erferencecell of Out
power Tx PathlossG
No
Eb ..
int _ _ _
.**2
α
=≈
t pG .. 2
α %ith)ower
control
%o )owercontrol
. Iooc is the total power emitted from an ad=acent cell
. "he other two lines are power sent to a gi0en
mobile before and after power control
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
42/61
42
CDMA Fundamental $or%ard &in' Model (0*
;ase St#+
Iooc,1
11
2.. t pG α
• In case o4 so4t hando= the "o9ile co""unicates with two or
"ore 9ase stations on se)aratel*#
;ase St#
Iooc,2
22
2.. t pG α
9No+
9No
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
43/61
43
CDMA Fundamental
1and 2ff
Fard Fando= >
Current circuit is disconnected in the current cell4ollowed 9* a reconnection in new cell#
So4t Fando= >
Mo9ile "aintains a connection with current and new cell duringhando=
)rocedure#
Two cells agree on which s)eech 4ra"e is "ore relia9le andselect it#
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
44/61
44
CDMA Fundamental Re!erse &in' Model ()*
. %n the re0erse channel' signals from different
mobiles are misaligned in time and ha0e low cross
correlation but are not orthogonal
D e
& ' r e a
d e r
Filter Dete!tor
S+
S-
S3
S
desired
&
S+ undesired
. %n this case incell interference represents largest
part of residual interference
S-
S3
S
/b
o
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
45/61
45
CDMA Fundamental Re!erse &in' Model (+*
erferencecell Inerferencecell of Out
power Tx PathlossG
No
Eb
int _ _ int _ _ _
.**
+≈
. %n the re0erse lin equation for /b*o is identical
to forward lin"he in@cell@interference is nearl
twice as large as out@of@cell@interference
Assu")tions
Pole Capacity Equation 3
. user signal arri0e at base station with same power
(perfect power control)
. ;snchronous !A; on re0erse lin
. "otal number of users per cell is A
CDMA Fundamental
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
46/61
46
CDMA Fundamental Pole Capacity Equation (Contd4*
erferencecell of Out M W P B P
No Eb
int _ _ _ )1)*(/(/
+−≈
. /b*o per user is gi0en b ?
&
B P Eb /≈
W P M /*)1( −
Out_of_cell_interference
. ;ssuming further that out of cell interference
is a fraction (n)of in cell interference ?
)1)(1)*(/(
/
η +−≈
M W P
B P
No
Eb
. %f minimum acceptable 0alue of /b*o
is (/b*o)min then ma#imum number ofusers per sector is Ama# ?
min
)1(1max
∗++=
No
Eb
G M
η
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
47/61
'ire%e(( Rate( and
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
48/61
48
'ire%e(( Rate( andApp%icati#n(
10 ,' 100 ,' 1 M,' 10 M,' 100 M,'
Narrow9and
Hoice
'
2ow$ateData
%ide9and
;rowsing
' HideoCon4erencing
3 -
2 -
2.5 -
Dire!t To ome atellite
(irele )A*
Fi+ed (irele A!!e
OBce Co""unications
Figh s)eed Internet
;road9and
Re%ati)e "ar*et Si+e
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
49/61
49
Re%ati)e "ar*et Si+e
%2AN
Cellular
Satellite
0 "illions
andgrowing
Costl*#
2i"ited9andwidth#
Hital In So"eS)ots#
%ill continue to grow#
No co")etingtechnologies#
Strong co")etition 4ro"other access technologies#
Ma* eentuall* lose toJ9er#
I")ortant in s)arsel*
)o)ulated areas#
1i@ed
Growing er*4ast#
3, 'ire%e(( Standard(
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
50/61
50
3, 'ire%e(( Standard(
Two organisations are deelo)ing a))roed 3 G standards#
3GPP 3GPP
%CDMA
GP$S
GSM
DG
$TT(3
$TT(+
CDMA
,-RS ARC./TECTRE
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
51/61
52
MS ;SS SGSN GGS
N
PDN
F2$MSCH2$
GGSNSGSN
ther -,$S
etwor
"
G9 Gn Gi
A
D
Gs Gr
Gc
Gn
G)
Signaling And DataInter4ace
Signaling Inter4ace
GGSN
SGSNSering GP$S Su))ortNode#GGSNGatewa* GP$S Su))ortNode#
,-RS ARC./TECTRE
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
52/61
53
In the GP$S architecture MS, ;SS, MSCH2$ and F2$ o4 e@isting GSM
networkare "odiJed# 1or e@a")le F2$ is enhanced with GP$S su9scri9er
in4or"ation# Two new nodes added are SGSN andGGSN#
SGSN is GP$S e7uialent o4 MSC 4or data
calls#
GGSN )roides inter(working with e@ternal )acket networks#
GGSN is connected to SGSN ia IP 9ased GP$S
9ack9one# Inter4aces A, Gs, Gr, Gc and D are used 4orsignalling onl*#
Inter4aces ", G9, Gn, G) and Gi are used 4or 9oth signalling and data
trans"ission in GP$S#
,-RS NET'R CN/,RAT/N
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
53/61
54
Internetother datanetwork
GP$S9ack9one
1$ ATM#
,S"
SGSN
;ase Station Su9(s*ste"
F2$
MSC
;TS
MS
;S
C
GGSN
SGSN
Other ;SS
5 sa"eP2MN 6
;order Gatewa*
OtherP2MN
,-RS -D- C#ntet
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
54/61
55
,-RS -D- C#ntet
GP$S reuses the GSM in4rastructure so that 9oth circuit switched and)acket switched serices co(e@ist under one su9scri)tion#
In GP$S no dial(u) connection is re7uired to access the data#
A4ter PDP conte@t actiation MS 9eco"es alwa*s on deice that4acilitates instant connections#
A4ter PDP conte@t actiation MS is known to GGSN andco""unication to e@ternal network is )ossi9le #
A PDP conte@t includes PDP t*)e 5either #.,PPP or IP6 , PDP
address, PDP state, re7uested and negotiated QoS#
PDP conte@t is stored in MS, F2$,SGSN and GGSN#
A QoS )roJle is "aintained in PDP conte@t to indicate network andradio resources re7uired 4or data trans"ission#
,-RS Sina%in -%ane
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
55/61
56
MS ;SS SGSN GGS
N
F2$
$12
P22
MAC
$2C
22C
GMMSM
$12
P22
MAC
$2C
Ph*sical
NS51$6
;SSGP NS51$
6
Ph*sical
22C
GMMSM
;SSGP
Ph*sical
2
IP
DP
GTP
Ph*sical
2
IP
DP
GTP
MTP+
MTP
MTP3
SCCP
TCAPMAP
MTP+
MTP
MTP3
SCCP
TCAP
MA
P
MTP+
MTP
MTP
3
SCCP
;SSAPK
MTP+
MTP
MTP
3
SCCP
;SSAPK
,$ ,n
,c
SGSN MSCH2$,(
$ela*
$ela*Inter(
working
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
56/61
,-RS -r#t#c#%(
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
57/61
58
,-RS -r#t#c#%(
GP$S s)eciJc )rotocols include SNDCP, 22C, $2C,MAC, ;SSGP,;SSAPKand GTP#
In ;SS rela* 4unction rela*s Logical Link Control 522C6 a!et Data nit 5PDRs6 9etween " and G9 inter4aces#
In SGSN this rela* 4unction rela*s Packet Data Protocol 5 PDP6 PDRs9etween G9 and Gn inter4aces#
To trans)arentl* trans)ort the PDP PDRs 9etween MSs and e@ternalnetwork PDP PDRs are enca)sulated and de(ca)sulated 4or routing#
;oth Gn and G) inter4aces utili?e GP$S Tunneling Protocol 5GTP6#
A tunnel is a two wa* )oint to )oint )ath# Tunneling trans4ersenca)sulated data 9etween GSNRs 4ro" )oint o4 enca)sulation to )oint o4
de(ca)sulation#
GTP tunnels user data and and signalling "essages 9etween GSNRs#
,-RS "S
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
58/61
59
,-RS "S
GP$S MS consists o4 "o9ile ter"inal 5 MT6 and ter"inale7ui)"ent 5 T6#
T could 9e a co")uter attached toMT#
GP$S MS uses Auto"atic $e)eat reQuest 5 A$Q 6 at data link la*er tore(trans"it error 4ra"es#
%ith "ulti)le ti"eslots GP$S )roides higherdata rates# Three "odes o4 MS o)eration deJned 4or GP$S are
( Class A & si"ultaneous circuit switched and )acket switchedserices#
In GSM there is no retrans"ission is )roided 4or oicechannels#
MT has to 9e e7ui))ed with so4tware 4or GP$S 4unctionalit*#
Class ; & ;oth circuit switched and )acket switched serices# ;utonl* one
at a ti"e#
Class C & Packet switched data onl*#
,-RS SS
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
59/61
60
,-RS SS
;TS is "odiJed to su))ort new GP$S channel codingsche"es#
;SC 4orwards circuit switched calls to MSC and )acket switched calls
5through PC
6 to SGSN#
er* ;SC connects to one SGSNonl*#
Mediu" AccessControl#
PC 5 Packet control unit 6 is the new co")onent located locall* at;TS or ;SC is res)onsi9le 4or(
$adio 2ink Control unctions like )acket seg"entation and
reasse"9l*# $adio 2ink Control unctions like )acket seg"entation andreasse"9l*#, access control, scheduling,A$Q etc#
,-RS .LR and !LR
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
60/61
61
,-RS .LR and !LR
New Jelds introduced in F2$ to acco""odate GP$S su9scri)tionand routing in4or"ation are(
SS0 address o4 SGSN that seres the MS#
IP address o4 SGSN that seres theMS#
MN$G
-
8/9/2019 GSm CDMA 3G.ppt
61/61
,-RS and ED,E
GP$S can co"9ine u)(to ti"e slots with "a@i"u" theoreticalrate o4 +0+# k9)s#
Ma@i"u" data rate i")le"ented so 4ar is -# k9)s with CS and 3ti"e slots#
Increased data rates are )ossi9le through use o4 DG#
DG uses new "odulation sche"e (PS! which are "oderatel*diBcult to
i")le"ent#
top related