guide to reading score of op. 127 20181221...2019/04/08 · i have tried to react to every detail...
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Introduction by Nicholas Kitchen to this manuscript expressive markings edition score and parts for
Beethoven String Quartet in Eb Major, Op. 127. This edition was created by violinist Nicholas Kitchen in
order to have an easily legible document showing the details of the way Beethoven notated expressive
markings in the manuscript of Op. 127.
What I have discovered working closely with Beethoven manuscripts is that Beethoven employed a far
more elaborate system of expressive markings in his manuscripts than we see in print. By "expressive
markings" I mean all the markings which communicate with the player how the notes should be played to
achieve expression: this includes beaming of notes, ties of notes, staccati, slurs, swells, dynamics, changes
of dynamics including continuation marks, and words denoting character. This more complex system is
evident in the great majority of his manuscripts after Op. 30, and the elaborateness of his use of these
markings increase with time, so that the manuscripts of works such as Opp. 123, 125, 126, 127, 130, 131,
132, 133 and 135 have the highest levels of complexity. I would feel remiss if I did not immediately
mention Opp. 92 and 93 because these manuscripts are also spectacularly elaborate, and let me just
mention Opp. 120, 111, 109, 102, 96, 95, 90, 73, 61, 59-3, 59-2, 53, to identify a few more particularly
vibrant examples. Editors in general have treated the marks I include in this edition and that I am
describing in this introduction as insignificant variants of basic markings. Choosing just one of multiple
possible examples, when "fo", "for" or "forte" appear in the manuscript, editions have treated these all as
equivalent to "f". In contrast, I do not consider "fo", "for" and "forte" to be equivalent. I find that a wide
range of subtle distinctions is represented through the details of the way Beethoven wrote expressive
markings in his manuscripts. I find these markings meaningful and very useful in understanding the
expressive landscape of each work on both the small scale and large scale. It is for this reason that, where
possible, I personally play directly from pdf files of the manuscripts while performing, keeping in mind
corrections which occurred after the manuscript stage. In making this edition of Op. 127, I am taking a
"diplomatic" approach to representing the expressive markings in the manuscript. This approach is similar
to the approach scholars take when they create a "diplomatic" rendition of a Beethoven's sketch. In these
renderings, the pitch content and the spatial content of the sketch page are preserved but they are put into
a more legible form. In this edition, I do not try to reproduce the spacing of Beethoven's writing on the
page, but instead focus on the accurate representation of the expressive marks, trying to represent the
marks just as Beethoven himself marked them. My hope is to allow players and scholars to more easily
discuss and evaluate the content of these markings. As of now, if one does not read the manuscript
directly, there is no way to know that this wider variety of expressive marks even exists. In terms of the
level of detail shown, though I myself have not yet perceived any meaning to the difference between "p",
"p.", and "p:", I have tried to preserve even these details of punctuation, representing whether he adds no
punctuation, a period, or a colon. I have also preserved the nature of what one sees in the manuscript
even when I personally see it as an accident. To observe one of these likely accidents one need only look
at the first bar, where "f" is probably missing in the cello part. I have tried to react to every detail of the
staccato marks even in the cases where I think the apparent distinctions may also be accidents, and this is
because I believe in the majority of cases the distinctions are not accidents and that they are in fact
intentional, clear and meaningful. So, again, looking at the very first bars, you will see I represented a few
of the staccati as the longest variety. My personal musical thought is that all the staccati in the first four
bars are probably intended to be the same type, but I am trying to let the reader judge for themselves by
being as faithful as I can to the details. My suggestion to the reader is to use this score in combination
with an urtext score such as the Henle or Bärenreiter edition. Comparing the various scores for each
passage will allow the evaluation of the meaning of the manuscript expressive marks and also allow the
evaluation of some items changed after the manuscript stage.
I will share with you here my opinion about possible meanings for each expressive mark. These opinions
have survived testing through rehearsal and performance by the Borromeo String Quartet, the group in
which I am first violinist. I fully expect that if others take interest in these markings, there will be many
different points of view concerning the meaning of these marks. This variety of points of view exists for
every expressive mark used by Beethoven, and the debate refines all of our sensitivity to what is possible in
the realization of his music.
Though I am glad that this edition will provide an easily legible document, I hope that the reader will also
view the manuscripts directly. All movements can be found online at the addresses below. I have no
doubt that each reader of the manuscripts may disagree with some of the choices that I made, particularly
regarding variety in staccato. Beethoven is often very distinct with the length of his staccati, but
sometimes he is not. The same is true for the endings of slurs and the crests of expressive swell pairs, and
many other details. I also have no doubt that despite my best efforts to proof-read the edition, there
certainly will be mistakes I have made. Despite all of this, I am very excited to share with you a document
which will provide a starting point for evaluation and discussion of this potentially wider range of
expressive marks. Speaking in general of expression marks, it seems to me that in multiple categories,
Beethoven invented distinctions that allowed him to create a more detailed description of his vision of
how the sounds would be realized. Some of these details of extreme subtlety are printed, and they are
printed whether or not there is a clear notion of how they should be played.
Consider a few subtle distinctions that ARE printed:
The distinctions of how note groups are beamed together;
The difference between a single pitch that is written as a longer rhythmic value or as a composite
of same-pitch-notes slurred together (on this there is no real agreement on how to play the marking!);
The distinctions between various "f" and "sf" marks within a passage;
The extremely detailed layering of heterogeneous slurring, often with multiple simultaneous layers
even within the piano part and the combination of these marks with the occasional use of the word
"ligato";
Subtle combinations for the piano of using pedal with combinations of rests during pedaling;
swells or even crescendo marked on single notes in the piano;
The specific usages of "sempre staccato" and "ben marcato";
The distinction between "poco cres", "cres", and "più cres";
Varieties of diminuendo markings: "decres", "dimin", più dimin", "mancando", "morendo",
"perdendo", "smorzando";
The distinctions between "semplice", "sotto voce" "mezza voce", "dolce", "espressivo", and
"cantabile"
Extreme expression markings such as "beklemmt" and "mit innigster empfindung".
Subtle instrumental instructions for orchestra such as "just a few violins" and "2 violas" and "2
cellos."
All these distinctions are printed (of course there is no question that they must be!) and they show us how
Beethoven sought out detailed refinements within each category of expressive marking. I am here
suggesting that his need to refine what he could communicate, and his invention of his own systems to do
so, was active in more categories of expressive markings than the ones I mention that have been printed.
The unprinted categories that I suggest that may also have these levels of refinement are: staccati (4 types),
dynamics (22 distinctions) and expressive swell pairs (2 types). The distinct markings that I am pointing
out that I believe show these distinctions ARE there in the manuscripts, put there in Beethoven's own hand
thousands of times in the same form, year after year. And they are present even in manuscripts such as
Op. 77, which was a fair copy that Beethoven prepared himself specifically to be used to make the plates
for printing (the marks, by the way, did not make it into the printing). And contemplating the wide range
of categories of expressive marks, it seems likely that his demand for subtle distinctions in one category
would be present in other categories as well. With dynamics in particular, what I articulate here is in stark
contrast to what I myself learned in Conservatory. I learned that Beethoven was rather austere in his
treatment of dynamic distinctions, tending to avoid "mezzo forte" or "mezzo piano" or any other subtle
modifiers to the basic "ppp", "pp", "p", "f", "ff" and "fff". What I am pointing to as most likely is that in every
category of expressive marking, Beethoven would have felt compelled to develop an independent and
personal system that allowed him to use a greater level of detail in organizing the expressive marks for his
scores. And whatever his attitude might have been regarding whether or not he could plan for these
marks to be printed, it is easy to see that in the manuscripts these more elaborate marks are present and
appear with greater and greater frequency throughout the course of his life.
OUTLINE OF THE MANUSCRIPT EXPRESSIVE MARKINGS
1. STACCATO: FOUR TYPES
Dot - a carefully formed dot
Small Line Staccato (SLS) - like a dot but with a tiny bit of length
Medium Line Staccato (MLS) - longer than the Small Line Staccato
Long Line Staccato (LLS) - longer than the Medium Line Staccato and sometimes approaching the length of
a note stem
Suggested meaning: the varying length of the mark of staccato suggests a varying energy in the initial
articulation of the note. This combines with a shortening or releasing of the note.
The Dot has the lightest energy,
Small Line Staccato - SLS - has slightly more energy,
Medium Line Staccato - MLS - has still more,
and Long Line Staccato - LLS - has the highest energy.
Different energies of articulation are often used simultaneously and this will create a particular voicing
because of the different energies, but it does not mean that instruments play different lengths. Also, these
energies are completely independent of dynamic - so one can have Long Line Staccato in pianissimo or a
Dot in fortissimo.
As I am about to bring up in connection to dynamics, it is possible some of Beethoven's techniques of
differentiation for staccato were inspired by Haydn. In his manuscripts Haydn uses at least 3 types of
staccato: Dot, Medium Line Staccato and Long Line Staccato.
2. DYNAMICS: A SPECTRUM OF 22 DYNAMICS
In manuscripts Beethoven uses a wider spectrum of dynamics than what we see in print. In piano
dynamics, he works with the letter or letters "p" by employing horizontal lines on the stem or stems: either
2 lines, 1 line, or no line. In forte dynamics, he chooses how many of the letters of the word "forte" to use:
"f", "fo", "for" or "forte"; and how many letters of "fortissimo" to use: "ff", "ffmo" or "fortissimo". Noticing
one related use of the horizontal lines that Beethoven puts on "p", there is a mode of abbreviation that
Beethoven uses when he notates "Allegro": he puts "All" and then "o" with two horizontal lines beneath the
"o", resulting in the mark "Allo//". [Please note that in this text and in the score, I have decided to mark
the horizontal underlines using "/", so a "p" with two lines on the stem becomes "p//". I would prefer to
find a better method, but this method seems durable to the way computers read fonts.] Regarding how
many letters of a dynamic he includes, Beethoven may have taken some inspiration from Haydn. In
Haydn's manuscripts, when he wants a special emotional quality in one or more parts, he will mark
"pianiss." instead of just "pp". For Beethoven, in almost all opus numbers after Op. 30 there is active use of
dynamics that incorporates single and double underlines on the stems of the letter "p" for piano dynamics
and various numbers of letters used for the writing of the words "forte" and "fortissimo". There is also a
pair of special opposite marks: the "ffmo" I mentioned above has its opposite, "ppmo". I think the meaning
of the lines on the stem of the letter "p" is related to emotional intensity: one line has some emotional
intensity, two lines has much more emotional intensity. The underlines do not change the volume level of
the playing. An imperfect (and I stress imperfect!) analogy might be that adding one line is like adding the
mark "dolce", and adding two lines is like adding the mark "espressivo". As far as the different markings of
forte, where there are more letters it seems to serve to both identify a moment of importance in the
unfolding of the musical sequence as well as ask for greater energy. "ppmo" and "ffmo" both seem to
indicate that there is tremendous importance for that section of the music and that it should be played
with the highest intensity: "ppmo" very soft, and "ffmo" very loud. The full word "pianissimo" or
"fortissimo" seems to ask for an intensity even beyond "ppmo" and "ffmo". Here is the resulting spectrum:
The spectrum of Beethoven's dynamics uses in his manuscripts after Op. 30 (not all are present in each
work):
ppp//
ppp/
ppp
pianissimo
ppmo
pp//
pp/
pp
p//
p/
p
mezzo piano
mezzo forte
poco forte
f
fo
for
forte
ff
ffmo
fortissimo
fff
3. EXPRESSIVE SWELLS PAIRS: TWO TYPES
Beethoven makes active use of expressive swells: the swell up "<", and the swell down ">". Single
expressive swells up or down are represented very accurately in print, but when they are in pairs,
"< >", there seems to be a very clear distinction for Beethoven between swell pairs that connect "<>"
[please read these as if they connect into a diamond], and pairs that do not connect "< >". Beethoven will
even correct swell pairs to reinforce the part that connects them. These distinctions are not preserved in
print except in some early editions. Actually, in Op. 127, Beethoven uses almost exclusively closed swell
pairs. What I have found over time is that the swells of all sorts are most successful musically when read
as being led by expressive intensity. A swell up is a rise to a high expressive intensity and a swell down is a
transition from a high expressive intensity to lower expressive intensity - this can amount to an expressive
accent sometimes. This change in expressive intensity will affect the dynamic but the leading agent of
change is expression. The connection or disconnection of the swell pairs is analogous (imperfectly, once
again) to a certain portion of music being under one slur, or divided into two slurs. When a pair is joined
into a diamond, there is one musical event (like one slur) which is a rise in expressive intensity joined with
a fall in expressive intensity. When the pair is separated there is an event where the expressive intensity
goes from low to high, and a separate event where goes from high to low. As I have mentioned, Op. 127
is basically full of closed (diamond) expressive swell pairs. In terms of playing, the increasing and
decreasing of expressive intensity is naturally understood, but what has been extremely helpful is to read
the expressive swells as quite directly affecting timing. The increased expressive intensity bends the time,
with the higher intensity taking more time. It does not stop the pulse, but it pulls on it. This
understanding has had enormous importance in our quartet, and it has proved an extremely reliable way
to read these markings.
ONLINE RESOURCES TO VIEW THE MANUSCRIPTS DIRECTLY:
Movement 1:
https://jbc.bj.uj.edu.pl/dlibra/publication/390103/edition/370905/content?ref=desc
Movement 2:
https://jbc.bj.uj.edu.pl/dlibra/publication/390102/edition/370904/content?ref=desc
Movement 3:
http://juilliardmanuscriptcollection.org/manuscript/string-quartet-op-127-scherzo-vivace-Movement/
Movement 4:
https://www.beethoven.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=&template=dokseite_digitales_archiv_en&_eid=&_ug=&_
werkid=129&_dokid=wm34&_opus=op.%20127&_mid=Works%20by%20Ludwig%20van%20Beethoven
&suchparameter=werkidx:x:x129&_sucheinstieg=werksuche&_seite
SOME SPECIAL NOTATIONS USED IN THIS SCORE:
Throughout the score and in the first violin part you will see "page/system" number markers: 6/2, for
example, would indicate the 6th page of that movement's manuscript and system 2 of that page. I am
counting pages as they are referred to in pencil marks on the corners of the pages themselves, and these
do not always agree with the page numbers of an actual pdf file. These numbers aim to make it easy for
you to quickly compare the edition and the manuscript pages.
"i" on a slur means that it is a slur that spans a system change but that the spanning is incomplete. If the "i"
is to right of the bar-line, the slur was "sent" from the previous system and not "caught" on the next system.
If the "i" is to the left of the bar-line, the slur was not "sent" from the previous system but was "caught" on
the next system.
"d" on a slur indicates that Beethoven made a "decision" about the slur as he was writing it. Beethoven
seems to choose, while writing, how much music to include in the slur. There is some decision-making by
me about times when a slur has special curving because of a decision, where I will give it a "d"; and where
the slur has special curving because Beethoven was avoiding other material on the page. You may
disagree with some of my choices, but many cases are unambiguous.
"c.s." in the third movement abbreviates "come sopra". So, what you see in the score where there is "c.s"
has been copied exactly from where that material appeared earlier in the movement.
I am excited to share this score and these parts with you, and I hope this information is as inspiring for you
as it has been for me. December 21, 2018
maestoso
Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven String Quartet in Eb Major, Op. 127This manuscript expressive markings edition has been created by Nicholas Kitchen in order to have
an easily legible document showing the details of the way Beethoven notated expressive marks in the manuscript of Op. 127
Allo//
Vno Imo
Vno// 2do
Viola
Violoncello
9
17
1/1
fo sf sf sf sf
1/2
sf psempre p e dolce
teneramented
6
f. sf. sf: sf. sf. p
sempre p e dolce
d
f. sf. sf. sf. sf. p
sempre p e dolce
d
sf. sf. sf. sf: p
sempre p e dolce
1/3
d i
p
d d
p cres
2/1
= = = =
=
f
cres
i
= = =
= f.
cres = = = = f.
cres
i= = d =
=
fo
24
31
38
2/2
sf
sf
2/3
sf.
sf. sf.
sf. sf.
sf. sf
sf.
p
3/1
p.
p.
cres
3/2
p
cres
p
cres =
p
2
45
52
59
dimin. =
3/3
cres p.
dimin: cres:
p.
dimin: =
i
cres: p.
dimin: d = cres: p.
4/1
dimin. cres =
4/2
=
p
dimin. cres.
=
p
4
cres.
4 =
p
cres. = p
4/3
cres. = =
for
5/1
f
cres: = =
f:
f
cres: = =
f.
f.
tenute
p:
cres:
f.
f.
3
67
75
81
tenut.
p
f.
5/2 p
pp
tenute
p.
f.
p.
tenute pp//
f.
tenute
p.
pp//
p.
tenute
f.
p
tenute
pp//
5/3
f
sf.
sf. sf.
6/1
p. 6
f.
sf.
sf.
p
f.
sf.
sf.
p
f.
sf.
sf.
p/
6/2 d
4
86
1 line of music pasted over here before m. 89
95
104
7/1
cres: = = fo f. fo
7/2
cres: = =
d
=
d
f.
f.
d d d
f.
f.
Cello line is blocked by paper pasted over bottom line
d
f: f:
p
7/3 d
8/1 cres:
p
d d
cres
p
d
cres.
p
p/ cres:
= =
i8/2
= = f. f. f.
8/3
p
= = = f:
f.
f.
p:
= = = f. f. f. p
d
f.p
5
112
4 lines of music pasted over before m. 117
120
126
dimin.pp
9/2
cres: =
dimin.
pp
cres: =
dimin. pp
cres:
dimin:
pp//
cres:
= ffmo
Staccati in Violin 1 areblocked by blank paper pasted at top of page
? ? 9/3
= ff.
ff.
ff.
10/1 10/2
6
131
135
144
10/3
ff:
sf.
sf.
11/1
f p
ff.
sf.
sf.
p
ff.
sf.
sf.
p.
ff.
sf:
sf.
11/2
f
11/3
p
f.3
f. sf. p.
f: sf.
f. sf. p
f sf.
f. sf. p.
f. sf:
7
152
160
168
p.
12/1
f.
p
f.
p
f.sf. p
f sf.
p
f. p
f. sf.
p f p
f. sf.
12/2
p.
f. p
12/3
cres:
p.
d
p
f. sf. p. cres: =
=
d
p
p
f. sf. p cres: =
= p
p
f. sf p cres =
= p
13/1
d
d
i
d
8
175
181
188
i
13/2
cres = =
cres. =
cres. = =
d
cres: = =
13/3
= f.
14/1
f.
= = f.
i
=
= f.
i
=
=
f.
erasedportato
14/2 i
f
9
194
201
208
sf.
sf.
sf.
14/3
sf.
p/.
15/1
sf. sf.
i
sf.
sf sf. sf. sf.
p//
sf. sf sf. sf.
d
p
cres =
15/2
p
cres = p
cres = p
cres p
dimin.
15/3
= cres = p
dimin: cres: = p
dimin. i cres: = pdimin. cres = p
10
215
221
229
16/1
dimin.
d
cres =
16/2
f
p
16/3
cres =
d
=
cres:
f
cres: =
cres:
f
p: cres: =
cres:
p cres. =
for
17/1
tenù.
p
f.
fo
p.
tenute
f
p
tenute
fo
p
tenute
f.
p.
tenute
fo
p
tenute
p
tenute
11
238
247
255
p:
17/2
17/3
d
i
18/1
cres =
cres: =
cres: =
cres =
= =
18/2
= = p:
=
= =
=
p
= = =
= p
= = = = = p:
12
262
269
275
18/3
cres = = = = p. dol. dimin: =
cres:
= =
d
= p: dol.
dimin:
=
cres: = = = = = p: dimin: =
cres: = = = = p: dimin: =
19/1
= = cres. = = =
19/2
diminuendo
=
=
d
cres. = = =
dimin.
= = cres = =
d
= dimin:
= = cres: = =
d
=
= = p.
19/3 pp
= = p
i
pp:
= = p.
d
pp//
p:
pp//
13
Copyright © 2018
Adagio ma non troppo e molto cantabile.
Violin I
Violin II
Viola
Violoncello
4
8
1/1
pp/ cres:
1/2
p
pp cres: p
pp cres: p
pp cres p
1/3
2/1
pp:
pp
pp/
d pp/
14
12
16
19
2/2 2/3
cres: =
3/1
p.
cres:
= = p
cres: = = p
cres: = =
p
dimin: cres:
d
= p
3/2
pp p
dimin: cres p
pp
dimin: cres: = p pp p
dimin: cres: = p pp(//)
15
22
24
27
3/3
cres.
4/1
= dimin:
cres.
4/2
cres:
cres. = dimin: cres: cres:
cres: = dimin: cres. cres:
cres: = dimin: cres: = = cres.
4/3
cres. sf:
cres:
sf:
cres: sf:cres: sf
16
30
32
34
sf
5/1
p
d
cres: = = =
sf p cres: = = =
sf. p cres: =
sf p cres:
= =
5/2
cres: = = sf
5/3
cres:
cres: = = sf: cres:
cres: = = sf: cres:
cres = = sf:
cres:
sf
d 6/1
cres:
d
= =
sf:
cres: = = =
cres: = = =
sf:
d
17
36
Andante con moto 39
40
p
6/2
dimin: = = =cres:
p pp//
p.
dimin: = = cres: p pp//
p
d
dimin: = = cres:p pp//
p. dimin: = = cres: p pp//
6/3
p:
p
p
p
7/1
i 7/2
18
42
43
44
cres: = = =
d
dimin:
cres: = = dimin:
cres: =
= dimin:
cres:
dimin
7/3
pp//
pp
pp
pp
8/1
19
45
46
47
8/2
cres
=
= p//
cres:
cres: =
cres = p
8/3
poco cres
=
=
=
=
9/1
più cres:
poco cres: = =
=
=
=
più cres:
poco cres: = = = più cres.
poco cres
= =
=
=
20
49
51
53
f. p
9/2
f.
sf: p
f. sf p.
f. sf.
p
9/3
cres:
cres: = cres:
cres:
= =
d
cres:
=
=
10/1
p: dolce
p. dol.
p. dol.
p. dol.
21
54
55
56
10/2
cres:
=
=
10/3
=
=
=
d
cres:
d
cres: = =
cres.
= =
11/1
p//
d dd
p:
22
57
58 Adagio
61
11/2
dimin:
=
cres:
=
=
dimin:
cres.
dimin:
dimin: cres:
11/3
dimin:
=
= = p:
12/1
p
p
i
p
cres: p
12/2
cres: = p
cres: p:
23
65
70
74 tempo primo
cres. = = f p cres:
12/3
p
cantabile
cres: =
f: p cres p
cres: =
cres:
f. p cres: p =
cres:
f: p cres: p cres: =
crossed out tie
f p
13/1
espressivo cres: = = =
f.
p cres: =
f. p cres:
f. p
f p: dimin:
13/2
= = = pp//
f. p
dimin.pp
fo p dimin:
pp
f: p
dimin.
pp
24
77
79
81
13/3 cantabile
14/1
cres: = = p: cres
cres: = = p. cres. p:
cres. p. cres: p
cres.
p cres: p
14/2
cantabile
25
83
85
87
14/3
cres:
=
=
p:
cres:
cres: = = p cres
cres: = = cres:
cres: = p. cres:
15/1
= = rinf. = = =
= = rinf. = = =
= = rinf: = =
=
=
rinf:
=
=
15/2
rinf. = = = p cres:
rinf. = = = p
rinf. = p. cres:
=
p
cres:
26
89
91
93
cres:
15/3
=
= = rinfo
=
= = =
cres: = = = rinfor = =
= = = rinf. = =
= = rinf.
= = =
rinf.
16/1
=
=
=
cres:
=
=
rinf = = = cres:
rinf. = = = cres:
rinf. = = cres: =
dimin.
16/2
p
16/3
sotto voce
dimin. p pp//
dimin p
pp//
dimin. p: pp//
27
96
99
102
pizz
sotto voce
pizz:
i17/1
cres. = =
arco
cres: =
d cres. d =
arco
cres: =
p. cres:
17/2
= = p:
p
p.
p cres: =
d
= p.
p cres = =
p.
28
106
109
111
17/3
cres: = = =
p: dol.
19(skip 18)/1
cres:
=
=
=
cres: = = =
p dol. cres: = =
p cres: = =
d
cres: = = d
p: cres: =
d
p: dol.
19/2d 20/1
p: i
p
p:
i
20/2
cres: = = p
cres: = p.
cres: p
p
29
113
115
117
cres
20/3
= =
21/1
= =
d
cres: = = = = = =
cres:
=
d d
cres. = = =d
21/2
for pcres:
i21/3
d
p. cres:
d
f.
f. d
p.
d
cres:
d
f. p: cres:
22/1
dimin. = = cres:
22/2
pp
dimin: cres.
pp
dimin:
pp
dimin.
pizz
30
120
123
125
22/3
cres: = =
23/1
p//
cres: = = = p pp//
cres: = = = p
cres: = = = p
cres p
23/2
p
pp p
pp//? arco
cres:
23/3
= =
ri -
=
tardando
p
tenu.
pp//
= = = p
tenu.
pp
cres:
= = p
tenu.
pp//
cres: = = p
tenu
pp/
31
Copyright © 2018
1 Scherzo Vivace
Violin I
Violin II
Viola
Violoncello
7
pizz
1/1
pizz
pizz
arco
pp//
pizz
arco
pp//
1/2 1/3 arco pp//
arco
pp/
cres.
= f
2/1
p.
cres. =
fp
cres. = fp
cres. = fp.
32
21
27
34
1.
2.
2/2
p cres:
p cres:
p cres:
p: cres:
2/3
f.
Ritmo di tre battute:
p.
f.
p.
3/1
cres. =
f
p.
f.
p.
cres: = =
f
p
f.
p. cres: =
f
p f.
p. cres: =
= f.
3/2
ff.
3/3
= f ff.
= f. ff.
= f. ff.
33
38
43
49
4/1
p
p:
p
p
4/2
p
4/3
cres:
p
cres. p
cres. p
cres:
p c?
5/1
cres: p
cres: p
cres: p
34
54
59
63
cres =
5/2
= = rinf. = =
p/ cres. = = = rinf:
cres: = = = = rinf = =
cres: = = = = rinf = =
= ff.
5/3
= = ff
= = ff
= = ff
pp//
6/1
f.
pp// f.
pp// f.pp// f.
35
67 Allo//
74tempo primo Allo// Tempo primo
82
6/2 6/3
p.
p.
pp//
7/1 pp//
pp//
pp//
pp
pp// pp
7/2 cres:
7/3
= =
pp// cres: =
cres: =
cres:
p. d
cres
p: cres:
= =
=
36
88
93
98
= f sempre fo
8/1
= = f.
sempre fo
= = f.
sempre fo
=
= f. sempre fo
8/2
8/3
9/1
37
103
108
116
sf:
9/2 p cres:
p cres:
sf:
p: cres:
=
sf.
cres: =
=
=
9/3
=
=
|: f:
Ritmo
di trep:
battute :|
f.
10/1
p.
= = = =
f:
p
f.
p
=
f.
p
f.
p
= =
f.
f.
p
f. p:
10/2
cres: = =
f.
p. cres: = =
f.
p: cres: = =
f.
p.
p. cres: = =
38
1211.
2.
124
129
fo
10/3
f.
11/1
f.
f.
f.
p
11/2
p.
p.
p
cres: dimin:
11/3 =
=
p.
cres: dimin:
= = p
cres: dimin = = = p
cres: dimin = = = p
39
134
139 Presto
148
più piano =
pp//
12/1
pp//
più piano pp// pp
più piano pp:= pp
più piano pp:
pp
12/2 cres
sempre ppmo cres:
3
=
3
= =
sempre ppmo cres:
3
=
3
= =
sempre ppmo cres:
3 3
fo pp//
12/3cres:
13/1
f pp//
cres:
=
f pp//
40
157
1.
1672.
176
= = = =
13/2
= = = =
d
fo
= = = = = = = = = f.
= = = = = = f.
f:
p
13/3
cres: f.
ff
14/1
f.
p. cres. f
ff
f. sf.
p. cres: f.
ff.
f: sf
p: cres: f.
ff
f. sf.
i
14/2
sf. f. f. f f
sf. f. f. f. f.
f. f. f. f. f.
41
186
196
206
14/3
pp//
f. f. pp
f.
f.pp//
f.
f. pp//
(14/4)
cres: = = =
15/1
=
ff (was fo)
cres: = = = = =
ff (was fo)
cres: = = = =
ff (was fo)
cres: = = =
ff (was fo)
d
15/2
f.
sf.
f. sf: sf sf. f.
f. sf. f. sf. f.
f sf. f. sf:
42
216
226
236
15/3
i d d 16/1
pp//
sf. f. f. f. pp
sf. f f f. pp
sf. f f. f. pp
16/2
cres: = = = =
cres: = = =
cres. = = = = =
cres: =
ff
16/3 f.
ff.
f.
ff
i
f.
ff
i
f.
43
245
255
265
Tempo primo
17/1 17/2
sf. f. f. f. f.
sf. f. f.
f. f.
sf.
f. f f.
17/3
dim.
f. f. f. f. f. dimin:
f. f. f. f. f. dimin:
f: f. f. f. f.
dimin.
= p dimin.
=
pp:
18/1
= p: dimin = =
pp//
= p: dimin. =
pp//
= p: dimin.
44
273
279
287
sempre ppmo
18/2
sempre pp
i
sempre pp
i
pp//
18/3 pp
pp//
begin come sopra (c.s.)
begin come sopra (c.s.)
begin come sopra (c.s.)
cres:
19/1 f.
p.
cres. =
fp
(c.s.)
cres. = fp
(c.s.)
cres. = fp.
(c.s.)
45
292
298
305
19/2
p. cres
19/3
(c.s.)
p cres:
(c.s.)
p cres:
(c.s.)
p: cres:
fo
p f.
20/1
p cres: =
f
p.
(c.s.)
f.
p.
cres: = =
f
p
(c.s.)
f.
p. cres: =
f
p
(c.s.)
f.
p. cres: =
= f.
20/2
ff.
20/3
(c.s.)
= f ff.
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
= f. ff.
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
= f. ff.
(c.s.)
46
310
315
320
21/1
p
p:
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p
p
(c.s.)
21/2
p:
(c.s.)
cres:p
(c.s.)
cres. p
(c.s.)
cres. p
21/3
cres:
p c?
22/1
Db?
(c.s.)
cres: p
(c.s.)
cres: p
(c.s.)
cres: p
47
325
330
334
cres: = =
22/2
= rinf. = =
(c.s.)
p/ cres. = = =
(c.s.)
rinf:
(c.s.)
cres: = = = =
(c.s.)
rinf = =
(c.s.)
cres: = = = =
(c.s.)
rinf = =
= ffmo
22/3
= = ff
(c.s.)
= = ff
(c.s.)
= = ff
(c.s.)
23/1
pp f.
pp//
(c.s.)
f.
pp//
(c.s.)
f.pp//
(c.s.)
f.
48
338 Allo//
345tempo primo Allo// tempo primo
353
23/2 23/3
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p.
(c.s.)
p.
pp//
24/1
pp//
pp//
(c.s.)
pp//
(c.s.)
pp
pp//
(c.s.)
pp
24/2
cres:
24/3
= =
pp//
(c.s.)
cres: =
(c.s.)
cres: =
cres:
(c.s.)
p. dcres
p: cres:
= =
=
49
359
364
369
= f sempre fo/
25/1
= =
(c.s.)
f. sempre fo
= =
(c.s.)
f.
sempre fo
=
=
(c.s.)
f. sempre fo
25/2
(c.s.) (c.s.)
(c.s.) (c.s.)
(c.s.) (c.s.)
25/3
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
50
374
379
387
sf.
26/1 p. cres:
(c.s.)
p cres:
(c.s.)
sf:
p: cres:
=
sf.
(c.s.) cres: =
=
=
f.
p.
f:
26/2
p
= =
(c.s.)
= =
f:
p
f.
p
(c.s.)
=
(c.s.) f.
p
f.
p
(c.s.)
= =
(c.s.)
f.
f.
p
(c.s.)
f. p cres:
26/3
f.
p. cres: = =
f.
p: cres: = =
f.
p.
p. cres: = =
51
392
397
402
fo
27/1
p
f.
(c.s.) p.
(c.s.)
f.
(c.s.)
p.
(c.s.)
f.
(c.s.)
p
(c.s.)
27/2
cres:
(c.s.)
cres:
(c.s.)
cres: (c.s.)
cres:
dimin:
27/3 = =
ppmo
dimin:
=
(c.s.)
= p più piano pp//
dimin = =
(c.s.)
=p più piano pp:=
dimin = =
(c.s.)
=p più piano pp:
52
407
Presto415
424 tempo Imo
28/1 29/1
(c.s.)
pp finishc.s. pp sempre ppmo
(c.s.)
pp finishc.s. pp sempre ppmo
(c.s.)
pp finishc.s.
pp sempre ppmo
29/2 cres f pp
cres
3
=
3
= = f pp//
cres:
3 3
= = = f pp
cres:
3
=
3
= = f pp//
29/3
pp//
pp
sempre pp
pp sempre pp
pp// sempre pp
53
431
pp/
30/1
cres: = = f.
cres: = = f.
cres. = = f
cres. = = f.
54
Copyright © 2018
1 Allo//
Violin I
Violin II
Viola
Violoncello
7
14
1/1
f.
sf. p: p.
1/2
f.
sf. p.
f.
sf. p.
f:
sf: p.
1/3
i
d
d
d
2/1 2/2
55
21
28
34
fo
2/3
p. f:
f. f.
f f.
f.
3/1
f.
3/2
p:
f.
p
p:
f.
p
f. p
f.
3/3
pp
f.
pp
f.
d
pp//
d
f. pp//
56
39
44
49
sempre pp sempre ppmo
4/1 d
sempre pp sempre pp
sempre pp sempre pp
sempre pp
sempre pp
sempre pp
4/24/3
sempre pp
sempre pp d d
sempre pp
cres
d
=
5/1
= =
cres: = = i =
cres: = = = =
cres: = = = =
57
54
61
67
=
f.
sf.
f
f.
5/2
f.
= = f.
f.
f.
f.
f.
= = f.
f. f. f. f.
= = f.
f. f. f. f
sf. f
5/3
f p. f. f. f.
6/1
f.
sf. f. p. f. f f. f.
sf:
p.
f. f f. f.
sf
p.
f f. f. f.
p
f:
p.
f. p sf. p
6/2
f. ffmo
f.
f. f. f.
ff
f.
f: f. f.
ff:
p f
ff:
58
74
80
86
ff.
6/3
ff.
ff.
ff:
for
7/1
f
7/2
f:
f
f. p. f
f. p. f
p
7/3
p.
p p.
p
p
p.
p
59
91
97
104
pp
8/1
cres. =
pp cres
pp cres:
pp// cres:
f.
8/2 sf: p.
sempre p.
d8/3
f.
sf. p. p
f.
sf. p
d d
f.
sf. p
i
pp//
9/1
pp
d
pp
pp
60
111
118
124
f. f f. f.
9/2
sf. f. f.
f. f f. f.
sf. f. f.
f.
sf.
f: f:
sf.
f.
sf
f: f:
sf
9/3
pp
10/1
pp
f. f. sf. f. f. pp
f. f. f. f.
pp
pp cres =
=
f
f
10/2
p
cres:
f.
f:
p.
cres:
f.
f:
cres: f f
61
129
134
139
f f
10/3
p.
f. f p.
f. f p.
d
f. p
sempre p.
11/1
cres.
cres: =
d cres: =
cres: =
= =
11/2
= = dimin = = = pp//
= = = dimin. = = pp d
= =
= = dimin. = = pp
d
= = = = dimin. = = pp
62
144
150
156
p:
11/3
p
p
p.
12/1
d
12/2 d
12/3
d
p
63
163
169
176
p. cres:
13/1
cres.
cres.
p cres: cres.
p cres: cres:
cres: = p cres:
cres:
= = =
d
= =
13/2
= = = = = f
= =
d d
f:
= = = = = = = = f.
= = = = = = = f
13/3
p
cres.
=
14/1
= dimin
p cres: = = = = dimin. =
p
p cres. = =
i
dimin:
64
182
188
194
=
=
= pp//
14/2
= = = pp//
pp/ pp
= = pp
14/3
p. dolce
d
p: dol.
d
p. dol.
d
p. dol.
15/1
dolce
15/2
dol.
dol.
65
199
205
209
cres: = = = p:
15/3
f:
cres: p.
f
cres:
p.
f.
cres: d p:
f.
16/1
p:
p
p
f. f.
16/2
p:
f: p
f. p
f: p/
66
213
217
223
f. p:
f. p.
f. p
f. p
f.
17/1 17/2 sf
f
f. f.
f. d
f.
f.
17/3
f f f p:
18/1
f. sf
p
f.
f.
p
f.
f.
p f.
67
230
237
243
f f
p:
f.
18/2
f. p f. p f.
f f
f
f. f. f.
f. f
p
f.
f. f. f.
sf. f.
p
f
f p. f.
p
f
ff.
18/3
ff
19/1
ff
ff
ff.
ff
ff. ff.
19/2
p.
p:
68
248
254Allo// Comodo
260
f.
19/3
dimin: = = =
20/1
= =
f. dimin: = = = =
f
dimin: = =
f. dimin =
dimin:
p ri - tar pp// - dando
cres: =
=
20/2
pp
p ri - tar pp - dan - do
cres: = =
pp//
p ri - tar pp dan do
pp
p ri - pp tar - dando
cres: pp//
sempre ppmo
20/3
sempre ppmo
i
69
262
264
266
21/1 d
sempre ppmosempre ppmo
sempre ppmo
21/2
sempre ppmo
sempre ppmo
sempre ppmo
21/3
d
70
268
270
272
d
22/1
ppmo
ppmo
ppmo
ppmo
d
cres: =
22/2
3
cres:
=
cres: =
cres.
= = =
B natural?
=
22/3
=
=
= = = = = =
= = = = = =
= =
= = = =
71
275
278
280
=
=
=
=
ff.
23/1
sf.
=
=
= =
ff. sf
= = = = ff:
= = = = ff.
sf.
sf:
23/2
p cres
p. cres:
p cres:
p.
cres:
72
282
284
288
23/3
= =
= =
= =
=
= = = =
= = =
= = = =
24/1
=
fo p
24/2
cres: =
= fo p
cres: =
= f.
p
cres: =
= f. p
cres:
=
=
=
=
ff non legato
24/3
=
=
ff. non ligato
=
=
ff. non ligato
=
=
=
ff: non ligato
73
291
295
297
25/1
pp//
25/2
sempre pp//
pp// sempre pp
pp
sempre pp
pp//
25/3
3 3
pp//
cres:
f. ff.
cres: f. ff.
cres: f. ff
cres: f. ff.
74
maestoso
Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven String Quartet in Eb Major, Op. 127This manuscript expressive markings edition has been created by Nicholas Kitchen in order to have
an easily legible document showing the details of the way Beethoven notated expressive marks in the manuscript of Op. 127
Allo//7
14
22
29
35
41
48
53
V.S.
1/1
fo sf sf sf sf
1/2
sf p 6
sempre p e dolce
teneramented
1/3
p cres
2/1
= = = =
=
f
2/2 sf
sf
2/3
sf.
sf.
p
3/1
cres
3/2
p dimin. =
3/3
cres
p.
4/1
dimin. cres =
4/2
=
p
59
67
74
80
86
1 line of music pasted over here before m. 89
94
104
110
4/3
cres. = =
for
5/1
f
tenut.
p
f.
5/2 p
pp
5/3
f
sf.
sf. sf.
6/1
p.
6/2 d
6
7/1
cres: = = fo f. fo
7/2
p
7/3 d 8/1
cres:
= =
i8/2
= = f. f. f.
8/3
p
dimin.pp
Vno Imo2
116
4 lines of music pasted over before m. 117
124
130
135
144
150
157
163
170
176
V.S.
9/2
cres: = = ffmo
Staccati in Violin 1 areblocked by blank paper pasted at top of page
? ? 9/3
10/1
10/2
10/3
ff:
sf.
sf.
11/1
f p
11/2
f
11/3
p
3
f. p.
12/1
f.
p
f.
12/2
p.
f. p
12/3
cres:
p.
d
13/1
i
13/2
cres = =
13/3
= f.
Vno Imo 3
183
190
196
202
208
214
221
228
236
14/1
f.
14/2 sf.
sf.
sf.
14/3
sf.
p/.
15/1 d
p
cres =
15/2
p
dimin.
15/3
= cres =
p
16/1
dimin.
cres =
16/2
f
p
16/3
cres =
d
= for
17/1
tenù.
p
f.
p:
17/2
Vno Imo4
244
253
263
272
277
17/3
d 18/1
cres = = =
18/2
= = p:
18/3
cres = = = = p. dol. dimin:=
19/1
= = cres. =
= =
19/2
diminuendo = =
p.
19/3 pp
Vno Imo 5
Copyright © 2018
Adagio ma non troppo e molto cantabile.
4
7
10
14
18
22
24
1/1
pp/ cres:
1/2
p
1/3
2/1
pp:
2/2
2/3
cres: =
3/1
p. dimin: cres:
d
= p
3/2
pp p
3/3
cres.
4/1
= dimin:
cres.
Vno Imo6
26
29
31
33
35
37
4/2
cres:
4/3
cres.
sf: sf
5/1
p
d
cres: = = =
5/2
cres: = =
sf
5/3
cres: sf
d
6/1
cres:
d
= = p
6/2
dimin: = = =cres:
p pp//
Vno Imo 7
Andante con moto39
41
43
44
45
46
47
49
52
54
6/3
p:
7/1i
7/2
cres: = = =
d
dimin:
7/3
pp//
8/1
8/2
cres
=
= p//
8/3
poco cres
=
=
=
=
9/1
più cres:
f. p
9/2
9/3
cres:
10/1
p: dolce
10/2
Vno Imo8
55
56
57
58
Adagio59
64
68
72
tempo primo77
V.S.
cres:
=
=
10/3
=
=
=
11/1
p//
d dd
11/2
dimin:
=
cres:
=
=
11/3
dimin:
=
= = p:
12/1
cres: p
12/2
cres. = = f p cres:
12/3
p
cantabile
cres: = f p
13/1
espressivo
cres: = == f p: dimin:
13/2
= = =
pp//
13/3 cantabile
Vno Imo 9
79
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
97
100
103
14/1
cres: = = p: cres
14/2
14/3
cres:
=
=
p:
cres:
15/1
= =
rinf. = = =
15/2
rinf. = = =
p cres:
cres:
15/3
=
= =
rinfo
=
= = =
rinf.
16/1
=
=
=
cres:
=
= dimin.
16/2
p
16/3
sotto voce
i17/1
cres. = = p. cres:
17/2
= = p:
Vno Imo10
105
107
109
110
111
112
115
117
17/3
cres: = = =
p: dol.
19(skip 18)/1
cres:
=
=
=
p: dol.
19/2
d 20/1
20/2
cres: = = p cres
20/3
= =
21/1
= =
d
21/2
for pcres:
i
21/3
22/1
dimin. = = cres:
22/2
Vno Imo 11
119
122
125
Copyright © 2018
1 Scherzo Vivace 16
24
32
1.
2.
40
pp
22/3
cres: = =
23/1
p// cres p
23/2
cres:
23/3
= =
ri -
=
tardando
p
tenu.
pp//
pizz
1/1 1/2 1/3 arco pp//
cres.
= f
2/1
p.
2/2
p cres:
2/3
f.
Ritmo di tre battute:
p.
f.
p.
3/1
cres. = = f.
3/2
ff.
3/3
4/1
p
4/2
Vno Imo12
45
52
57
61
65
69 Allo// tempo primo
Allo//78Tempo primo
87
91
p
4/3 cres:
p c?
5/1
cres =
5/2
=
= rinf. = = = ff.
5/3
pp//
6/1
f.
6/2
6/3
pp//
7/1 pp//
7/2 cres:
7/3
= = = f sempre fo
8/1
8/2
Vno Imo 13
96
102
108
115
1211.
2.
124
130
138 Presto 150
8/3
9/1
sf:
9/2 p cres:
=
=
9/3
=
=
|: f:
Ritmo
di trep:
battute :|
f.
10/1
p.
f. p:
10/2
cres: = =
fo
10/3
f.
11/1
p
11/2
cres: dimin:
11/3 =
=
p. più piano=
pp//
12/1
pp//
12/2
cres fo pp//
12/3
cres:
13/1
=
Vno Imo14
158
1661.
2.
173
182
190
198
206
214
222
230
V.S.
= = =
13/2
= = = =
d
fo p
13/3
cres: f.
ff
14/1
f.
i
14/2
14/3
pp//
(14/4)
cres: = = =
15/1
=
ff (was fo)
15/2
f.
sf.
15/3
i d d
16/1
pp//
16/2
cres: = = = =
ff
Vno Imo 15
237
245
253
261
Tempo primo
269
277
288
295
303
308
16/3 f.
17/1
17/2 17/3
dim.
= p dimin.
=
pp:
18/1 sempre ppmo
18/2
18/3
pp
cres:
19/1
f.
p.
19/2
p. cres
19/3
fo
p f.
20/1
p
cres: = = f.
20/2
ff.
20/3 21/1
p
Vno Imo16
312
318
325
330
334
337
Allo//341tempo primo
Allo//349tempo primo
358
362
21/2
p:
21/3
cres:
p c?
22/1
Db?
cres: = =
22/2
= rinf. = =
= ffmo
22/3
23/1
pp
f.
23/2
23/3 pp//
24/1
pp//
24/2
cres:
24/3
= = = f sempre fo/
25/1
Vno Imo 17
367
373
379
387
392
397
404
Presto415
424 tempo Imo
431
25/225/3
sf.
26/1 p. cres:
=
=
f.
p.
f:
26/2
p
f. p cres:
26/3
fo
27/1
p
27/2
cres: dimin:
27/3 =
=
ppmo
28/1 29/1
29/2
cres f pp
29/3
pp//
pp/
30/1
cres: = = f.
Vno Imo18
Copyright © 2018
1 Allo//
7
13
19
25
31
37
44
49
55
V.S.
1/1
f.
sf. p: p.
1/2
1/3
2/1
2/2
fo
2/3
p.
f:
3/1
f.
3/2
f.
3/3
pp sempre pp sempre ppmo
4/1d
sempre pp
4/24/3
cres
d
=
5/1
= = =
f.
sf.
f
f.
5/2
f.
Vno Imo 19
61
66
72
78
82
88
93
98
104
110
sf. f
5/3
f p. f. f.
f.
6/1
f.
p
f:
p.
f. p sf.
p
6/2
f. ffmo
ff.
6/3
for
7/1
f
7/2
p
7/3
p.
pp
8/1
cres. =
f.
8/2 sf:
p.
sempre p.
d8/3
pp//
9/1
f. f f. f.
9/2
sf.
Vno Imo20
116
121
127
132
137
142
150
156
f. f.
9/3
pp
10/1 pp cres =
=
f
f
10/2
p f f
10/3
p. sempre p.
11/1
cres. = =
11/2
= = dimin = =
= pp//
p:
11/3
12/1
12/2 d
12/3
Vno Imo 21
164
170
176
181
187
193
198
203
208
212
p. cres:
13/1
cres. =
= =
d
= =
13/2
= = = = = f
13/3
p
cres.
=
14/1
=
dimin
=
=
= pp//
14/2
14/3
p. dolce
15/1
dolce
15/2
cres: = = = p:
15/3
f:
16/1
p:
f. f.
16/2
p:
f. p:
Vno Imo22
216
221
227
233
240
244
f.
17/1 17/2
sf
f
f. f.
17/3
f f f
p:
18/1
f. sf f f
p:
f.
18/2
f. p f. p f.ff.
18/3
ff
19/1
19/2
Vno Imo 23
248
252
Allo// Comodo256
261
263
265
267
269
274
279
f.
19/3
dimin: =
= =
20/1
= =
dimin:
p ri - tar pp// - dando
cres: =
=
20/2
pp
sempre ppmo
20/3
21/1 d
sempre ppmo
21/2 21/3
d
22/1
ppmocres: =
22/2
= = =
B natural?
= 3
22/3
=
=
=
=
=
=
ff.
23/1
sf.
sf.
23/2
p cres
23/3
= =
=
Vno Imo24
283
288
291
295
=
= =
=
24/1
=
fo p
24/2
cres: =
=
=
=
ff non legato
24/3
25/1
pp//
25/2
sempre pp//
25/3
cres:
f. ff.
Vno Imo 25
maestoso
Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven String Quartet in Eb Major, Op. 127This manuscript expressive markings edition has been created by Nicholas Kitchen in order to have
an easily legible document showing the details of the way Beethoven notated expressive marks in the manuscript of Op. 127
Allo//7
15
22
28
33
41
48
56
63
V.S.
Vno //2do
f. sf. sf: sf. sf. p
sempre p e dolce
d d i
p
cres
i
= = =
= f.
sf. sf.
p.
cres
p dimin: cres:
p. dimin. cres.
=
p cres: = =
f:
f
tenute
p.
69
75
81
861 line of music pasted over here before m. 89
94
102
110
4 lines of music pasted over before m. 117117
124
f.
p.
tenute pp//
f.
sf.
sf.
p
cres: = =
d
=
d
f.
f.
p
d d
cres = = = f:
f.
f.
p:dimin.
pp
cres: = = ff.
Vno// 2do2
129
135
143
150
158
166
174
181
187
192
ff.
sf.
sf.
p
f. sf. p.
f: sf. p
f.sf. p
f sf.
p
f. sf. p. cres: =
=
d
p
d
cres. =
= = f.
i
sf. sf.
i
sf.
Vno// 2do 3
200
207
215
222
230
238
246
255
261
268
275
cres =
p dimin: cres: = p
cres:
f
cres: =
fo
p.
tenute
f
p
tenute
cres: =
=
= =
=
p
cres:
= =
d
= p: dol.
dimin:
= =
=
d
cres. = = =
dimin.
= = p
i
pp:
Vno// 2do4
Copyright © 2018
Adagio ma non troppo e molto cantabile.
5
9
12
15
18
21
23
25
28
V.S.
pp cres: p
pp
cres:
= =
p
dimin: cresp
pp
cres. = dimin: cres:
cres:
cres:
sf:
Vno// 2do 5
30
32
34
36
Andante con moto39
41
43
44
45
46
sf p cres: = = =
cres: = = sf: cres:
sf:
cres: = = =
p.
dimin: = = cres: p pp//
p
cres: = = dimin:
pp
cres:
poco cres: = =
=
Vno// 2doVno// 2do6
48
50
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
Adagio59
V.S.
=
=
più cres:
f.
sf: p
cres: = cres:
p. dol.
d
cres:
d
p:
dimin:
cres.
p
cres: = p
Vno// 2doVno// 2do 7
65
71
76 tempo primo 77
78
80
83
86
89
92
94
f: p cres p
cres: = f.p
cres: = f. p
dimin.
pp
cres: = =
p. cres. p:
cres: = = p cres
= =
rinf. = = = rinf. = = = p
cres: = = = rinfor = = rinf = = =
cres: dimin.
p pp//
Vno// 2doVno// 2do8
98
100
104
107
110
113
115
116
118
121
V.S.
pizz arco
cres: = p
p. cres: = = =
p dol. cres: = = p:
i cres: = p.
cres: = = = = = =
d
p. cres:
d
dimin: cres.
pp
cres: = = = p pp//
Vno// 2doVno// 2do 9
124
126
p
= = = p
tenu.
pp
Vno// 2doVno// 2do10
Copyright © 2018
1 Scherzo Vivace
21
1. 36 2. 39
46
51
57
62
66
V.S.
pizz
arco
pp/
cres. =
fp
p cres:
f
p.
f.
p.
cres: = = = f
ff.
p:
cres:
pcres:
p p/ cres. = =
= rinf: = = ff
pp//
f.
Vno// 2doVno// 2do 11
Allo//70 tempo primo
Allo//78 Tempo primo
86
92
98
104
108
114
120 1. 2.
124
128
133
pp//
pp//
cres: = = = f.
sempre fo
p cres:
= = = =
f:
p
f.
p
f.
p. cres: =
=
f.
p.
cres: dimin:
=
= p più piano pp//
Vno// 2doVno// 2do12
137
Presto144 150
158
166 1. 2.
173
184
194
202
211
223
230
V.S.
pp sempre ppmo
cres:
3
=
3
= = f pp//
cres: =
= = = = = = = =
f. p. cres. f
ff
f. sf. sf. f. f. f
f f. f. pp
cres: = = = = =
ff (was fo)
f. sf:
sf sf. f. sf. f. f.
f. pp
cres: = = =
ff.
Vno// 2doVno// 2do 13
237
246
258
Tempo primo269
278
286
293
302
307
310
f.sf.
f. f. f. f. f. f.
f. f. f. dimin: = p: dimin = =
pp//
sempre pp
i
pp//
begin come sopra (c.s.)
cres. =
fp
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p cres:
f
p.
(c.s.)
f.
p.
cres: = =
(c.s.)
= f
ff.
(c.s.)
p:
(c.s.)
Vno// 2doVno// 2do14
315
321
327
332
336
340 Allo// tempo primo
Allo//349tempo primo
358
364
370
375
V.S.
(c.s.)
cres:p
(c.s.)
cres: p
(c.s.)
p/ cres. =
= =
(c.s.)
rinf: = = ff
(c.s.)
pp//
(c.s.)
f.
(c.s.)
pp//
(c.s.) pp//
(c.s.)
cres:
= = =
(c.s.)
f. sempre fo
(c.s.) (c.s.)
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p cres:
Vno// 2doVno// 2do 15
379
385
391
396
400
405
409
Presto415
421
tempo Imo427
432
= =
(c.s.)
= =
f:
p
f.
p
(c.s.)
f.
p. cres: =
=
f.
(c.s.)
p.
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
cres: dimin:
=
(c.s.)
= p
più piano pp//
(c.s.)
pp
finishc.s. pp sempre ppmo
cres
3
=
3
= = f pp//
pp
sempre pp
cres: = = f.
Vno// 2doVno// 2do16
Copyright © 2018
1 Allo//
8
15
22
28
34
39
45
50
56
V.S.
f.
sf. p.
i
f. f.
p:
f.
p
f.
pp
sempre pp sempre pp
sempre pp
cres: = = i = = = f.
f.
f.
f.
f.
sf.
Vno// 2doVno// 2do 17
62
69
76
82
88
93
98
104
110
116
f. p. f. f f. f.
f.
f. f. f.
ff
ff.
f:
f
p p.
pp cres
f.
sf.
p. p
pp
f. f f. f.
sf.
f. f.
pp
Vno// 2doVno// 2doVno// 2do18
122
128
134
139
144
149
156
cres:
f.
f:
p. f. f p.
cres: =
= = = dimin. = = pp d
p
d
d
Vno// 2doVno// 2doVno// 2do 19
163
169
175
182
189
195
201
206
210
215
cres.
p cres: cres.
= =
d d
f:
p cres: = = = = dimin. =
= = = pp//
d
p: dol.
d
dol.
cres:
p.
f
p f:
p f. p.
f. d
Vno// 2doVno// 2doVno// 2do20
221
227
234
240
245
251
Allo// Comodo256
260
263
265
V.S.
p
f.
f. f f
f
f. f. f.
ff
ff
f. dimin:
= = = = p ri - tar pp - dan - do
cres: = =
pp//
sempre ppmo
sempre ppmo
d
Vno// 2doVno// 2doVno// 2do 21
268
271
275
278
280
282
284
288
291
295
297
ppmo
cres:
= = = = = = =
=
=
= = ff. sf
sf:
p. cres:
= = = =
= fo
p
cres: =
=
=
ff. non ligato
pp// sempre pp
3 3
cres: f. ff.
Vno// 2doVno// 2doVno// 2do22
maestoso
Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven String Quartet in Eb Major, Op. 127This manuscript expressive markings edition has been created by Nicholas Kitchen in order to have
an easily legible document showing the details of the way Beethoven notated expressive marks in the manuscript of Op. 127
Allo//7
15
22
28
35
41
49
56
63
69
Viola
f. sf. sf. sf. sf. p
sempre p e dolce
d
cres = = =
= f.
sf. sf.
cres =
p dimin: =
i
cres: p.
4
cres.
4
=
p cres: = =
f.
f.
tenute
p:
f.
tenute
p.
74
80
861 line of music pasted over here before m. 89
93
101
111
4 lines of music pasted over before m. 117117
125
130
135
pp//
f.
sf.
sf.
p
d d d
f.
f.
p
d
cres. = = = f. f. f.
p dimin. pp
cres: ff.
ff.
sf.
sf.
p.
Viola2
143
150
158
166
173
179
185
191
196
200
f. sf. p
f sf. p
f. p
f. sf. p
f. sf. p cres: =
= p
d
i
d
cres. = =
i
=
= f.
f
sf sf.
sf. sf.
p//
Viola 3
205
213
222
229
237
246
253
260
267
275
cres = p dimin. i
cres: = p d cres:
f
p: cres: =
fo
p
tenute
f.
p.
tenute
cres: = = = =
= p
cres: = = = = =
p: dimin: = = = cres = =
d
= dimin:
= = p.
d
pp//
Viola4
Copyright © 2018
Adagio ma non troppo e molto cantabile.
5
10
13
16
19
22
24
27
30
32
V.S.
pp cres: p
pp/
cres: = = p
dimin: cres: = p pp p
cres: = dimin: cres. cres:
cres: sf:
sf. p cres: =
cres: = = sf: cres:
Viola 5
34
36
Andante con moto39
41
43
45
47
49
51
53
cres: = = =
p
d
dimin: = = cres:p pp//
p
cres: =
= dimin:
pp
cres: =
poco cres: = = = più cres.
f. sf p.
cres:
= =
p. dol.
ViolaViola6
55
57
Adagio59
65
71
tempo primo 77
80
83
86
89
92
V.S.
cres: = =
dimin:
p
i cres: p:
cres:
f. p cres: p = f. p
cres: fo p dimin:
pp
cres.
p. cres: p
cres: = = cres: = =
rinf: = = rinf. = p. cres:
= = = rinf. = = rinf. = = =
cres: dimin p
ViolaViola 7
95
99
102
105
107
110
113
115
116
118
pp//
sotto voce
d cres. d =
p cres: =
d
= p.
p cres: = =
d
p
cres: p
cres:
=
d d
f.
f. d
p.
d
cres:
d
dimin:
pp
ViolaViola8
121
124
126
Copyright © 2018
1 Scherzo Vivace 9
17
32 1. 2.
40
47
V.S.
cres: = = = p pp
p cres:
= = p
tenu.
pp//
pizz
arco
pp//
cres. =
fp
p cres:
f
p
f.
p.
cres: = = f.
ff.
p
cres.
p cres: p
ViolaViola 9
52
57
61
65
69 Allo//
tempo primo75 Allo//
Tempo primo81
87
92
98
104
cres: = =
= = rinf = = = = ff
pp//
f.
p.
pp//
pp cres:
= = = f.
sempre fo
sf:
p: cres:
= =
f.
p
ViolaViolaViola10
112
119 1. 2.
129
133
137
Presto144 150
158
166 1. 2.
173
184
V.S.
f.
p f.
p:
cres: = = f.
p.
cres: dimin = =
= p più piano pp:=
pp sempre ppmo
cres:
3
=
3
= =
= =
= = = = =
f. p. cres: f.
ff.
f: sf sf. f. f. f.
f. f.
f.pp//
ViolaViolaViola 11
194
202
211
223
230
237
246
257
Tempo primo269
277
283
291
cres: = = = =
ff (was fo)
f. sf.
f. sf. f. sf. f f
f.
pp
cres. = = = = = ff
i
f. sf.
f. f.
f. f. f.
f. f. f. f. dimin: = p: dimin. =
pp// sempre pp
i
begin come sopra (c.s.)
cres. = fp
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p cres:
f
ViolaViolaViola12
299
305
310
317
322
327
331
335
339 Allo//
tempo primo346 Allo//
tempo primo352
V.S.
p
(c.s.)
f.
p. cres: =
(c.s.)
= f. ff.
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p
(c.s.)
cres. p
(c.s.)
cres:
p
(c.s.)
cres: =
= = =
(c.s.)
rinf = = = =
ff
(c.s.)
pp//
(c.s.)
f.
(c.s.)
p.
pp//
(c.s.)
pp
(c.s.)
cres:
ViolaViolaViola 13
358
363
369
376
383
390
395
401
405
409
Presto415
421
= = =
(c.s.)
f.
sempre fo
(c.s.) (c.s.)
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
sf:
p: cres:
= =
(c.s.) f.
p
f.
p
(c.s.)
f.
p:
cres: = = f.
(c.s.)
p.
(c.s.) (c.s.)
cres: dimin = =
(c.s.)
=p
più piano pp:=
(c.s.)
pp
finishc.s. pp sempre ppmo
cres:
3 3
= = = f pp
ViolaViolaViola14
tempo Imo427
432
Copyright © 2018
1 Allo//
8
15
22
28
34
40
45
V.S.
pp sempre pp
cres. = = f
f.
sf. p.
d
f f.
p:
f.
p
f.
d
pp//
d
sempre
pp sempre pp
sempre pp d d
ViolaViolaViola 15
50
56
62
69
76
82
87
93
99
105
cres: = = = = = = f.
f. f. f. f.
sf:
p.
f. f f. f.
f.
f: f. f.
ff:
ff.
f.
p. f
p
p
pp cres:
f.
sf. p
d d d
pp
ViolaViolaViolaViola16
111
117
123
128
132
137
143
149
155
158
f.
sf.
f: f:
sf. f. f. sf. f. f. pp
cres:
f.
f:
f. f
p.
d
d
cres: = = =
= = dimin. = =
pp
p
ViolaViolaViolaViola 17
162
168
174
184
191
197
203
207
212
218
224
p cres:
cres: = = = = = = = =
f. p
pp/
pp
p. dol.
d
dol.
cres:
p.
f. p
f. p
f. p f.
p
f.
f.
ViolaViolaViolaViola18
230
237
243
248
252
Allo// Comodo256
262
264
268
272
V.S.
f. f
p
f.
f. f. f.
ff.
ff
p.
f
dimin:
= = p ri - tar pp dan do
pp
sempre ppmo
sempre ppmo
ppmo
cres: =
= = = = = =
ViolaViolaViolaViola 19
275
277
279
281
283
287
290
294
297
= = = =
ff:
p cres: = =
= = f.
p
cres: =
=
=
ff.
non ligato pp
sempre pp
cres: f. ff
ViolaViolaViolaViola20
maestosoLudwig van Beethoven
Beethoven String Quartet in Eb Major, Op. 127This manuscript expressive markings edition has been created by Nicholas Kitchen in order to have
an easily legible document showing the details of the way Beethoven notated expressive marks in the manuscript of Op. 127
Allo//7
17
25
31
39
47
55
62
Violoncello
sf. sf. sf. sf: p
sempre p e dolced d
cres
i= = d =
=
fo
sf. sf
p.
dimin: d =
cres: p.
cres. = p cres:
f.
f.
68
75
861 line of music pasted over here before m. 89
95
104
111
4 lines of music pasted over before m. 117117
125
132
p.
tenute
f.
p
tenute
pp//
f.
sf.
sf.
p/
Cello line is blocked by paper pasted over bottom line
d
f: f:
p
p/ cres:
d
f.
p dimin:
pp//
cres: ff.
ff.
sf:
sf.
Violoncello2
140
146
153
159
167
175
181
187
193
196
f. sf. p.
f. sf: p
f p
f. sf.
p
f. sf p cres =
=
p
d
cres: = =
i
=
=
f.
erasedportato
sf. sf
sf. sf.
Violoncello 3
201
209
217
223
230
238
248
259
267
275
cres p
dimin. cres = p
cres:
p cres. =
fo
p
tenute
p
tenute
i
cres = = = = = =
p: cres: = = = =
p: dimin: = = = cres: = =
d
=
p:
pp//
Violoncello4
Copyright © 2018
Adagio ma non troppo e molto cantabile.
6
9
13
16
19
22
24
27
30
32
V.S.
pp cres p
d
pp/
cres: = =
p
dimin: cres: = p pp(//)
cres: = dimin: cres: = = cres.
cres: sf
sf p cres:
= =
cres = = sf:
cres:
Violoncello 5
34
36
Andante con moto39
41
44
46
48
50
52
55
57
sf:
d
p. dimin: = = cres: p pp//
p
cres:
dimin
pp
cres = p
poco cres
= =
=
= f. sf.
p
d
cres:
=
=
p. dol.
cres.
= =
dimin: cres:
p
VioloncelloVioloncello6
Adagio59
65
70
73
tempo primo 77
79
81
84
86
88
90
V.S.
cres:
f: p cres: p cres: =
crossed out tie
f. p
f: p
dimin.
pp
cres.
p cres: p
cantabile
cres: =
p. cres:
=
=
rinf:
=
=
=
p
cres:
= =
rinf.= = = rinf. = = cres: =
VioloncelloVioloncello 7
93
96
100
103
107
110
113
115
116
119
123
dimin. p: pp//
pizz: arco
cres: = p cres
= =p. cres: = = d
p: cres: =
d
p:
ip
cres. = = =d
f. p: cres:
dimin.
pizz cres: = = = p
pp//? arco
VioloncelloVioloncello8
125
Copyright © 2018
1 Scherzo Vivace 7
16
22
29
1. 2. 38
43
cres: = = p
tenu
pp/
pizz
arco
pp//
cres. = fp.
p: cres:
f
p
f.
p. cres: = =
f. ff.
p
cres. p
VioloncelloVioloncello 9
50
55
60
64
68 Allo//
tempo primo75 Allo//
Tempo primo81
89
95
101
cres: p cres:
= = = = rinf = = = =
ff
pp// f.
p.
pp//
pp cres:
p. d
cres
p: cres:
= =
= =
=
f. sempre fo
sf.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello10
107
114
121 1. 2.
124
132
141 Presto 149
156
164 1. 2.
171
V.S.
cres: = = =
f.
f.
p
f.
p.
p. cres: = =
f.
p
cres: dimin
= = =p più piano pp:
pp sempre ppmo
cres:
3 3
f pp//
f: p: cres: f.
ff
f. sf. f. f.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello 11
181
192
200
208
220
229
237
246
258
f. f. f. f.
f. pp//
cres: =
= =
ff (was fo)
d
f sf. f. sf: sf. f
f. f. pp
cres: =
ff
i
f. sf.
f. f f. f: f.
f. f. f.
dimin. = p: dimin.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello12
Tempo primo269
278
287
293
300
306
310
315
pp//
begin come sopra (c.s.)
cres. = fp.
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
p: cres:
f
p
(c.s.)
f.
p. cres: =
(c.s.)
=
f. ff.
(c.s.)
p
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
cres. p
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello 13
321
326
331
335
339 Allo//
tempo primo346 Allo//
tempo primo352
360
366
372
(c.s.)
cres: p
(c.s.)
cres:
= = = =
(c.s.)
rinf = = = =
ff
(c.s.)
pp//
(c.s.)
f.
(c.s.)
p.
pp//
(c.s.)
pp cres:
(c.s.)
p. dcres
p: cres:
= =
= =
=
(c.s.)
f. sempre fo
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
sf.
(c.s.)
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello14
378
385
392
398
408
Presto415
421
tempo Imo427
432
cres: = = =
(c.s.)
f.
f.
p
(c.s.)
f.
p.
p. cres: = =
f.
(c.s.)
p
(c.s.)
(c.s.)
cres: dimin = =
(c.s.)
=p più piano pp:
(c.s.)
pp finishc.s.
pp sempre ppmo
cres:
3
=
3
= = f pp//
pp// sempre pp
cres. = = f.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello 15
Copyright © 2018
1 Allo//Violoncello
7
14
21
27
33
38
43
50
55
61
67
f:
sf: p.
d
d
f.
f. p
f. pp//
sempre pp
sempre pp
sempre pp
cres: = = = = = =
f.
f. f. f. f
sf
p.
f f. f. f.
p f
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello16
73
79
84
89
96
102
109
115
121
129
137
ff:
ff:
f. p.
f
p.
p
pp// cres:
f.
sf. p
i
pp
f.
sf
f: f:
sf f. f. f. f.
pp
cres: f f
f. p
cres: =
d
= = = = dimin. = = pp p.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello 17
146
158
164
170
176
184
191
198
204
209
p cres:
= p cres:
cres: =
= = = = = = f
p cres. = =
i
dimin: = =
pp
p. dol.
cres: d p:
f.
f: p/ f.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello18
214
219
225
231
237
243
248
252
Allo// Comodo256
264
V.S.
p f.
p f. sf. f.
p
f
f p. f.
p
f
ff. ff.
p:
f. dimin
= p ri - pp tar - dando
cres: pp//
i
sempre ppmo
sempre ppmo
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello 19
269
271
273
276
278
280
282
285
289
293
297
ppmo
d
cres. = =
= = = = = =
= = ff.
p.cres:
= = = = = f.
p
cres:
= =
=
=
ff: non ligato
pp//
pp//
cres: f. ff.
VioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncelloVioloncello20
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