hand washing 2012
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Appropriate work practices Follow standard precautions
Use personal protective equipment
Hand hygiene
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Standard precautions
Standard Precautions are a set of precautions that the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) has called for in order to minimize the risk that you will
catch an infection from a patient or spread infection among patients. You mayhave heard the term "Universal Precautions"--these were developed beginning in
the 1980s specifically to protect you from blood borne pathogens standard
Precautions basically expands upon Universal Precautions by covering more body
fluids and sites, as follows: Blood Secretions, non-intact skin, body Fluids,
excretions (except sweat), and mucous membranes.
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Standard precautionsStandard Precautions must be observed with ALL patients at ALL times,
regardless of their age, gender, diagnosis, or whether they are under isolation
for a specific diseases
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Personal protection in Lab: Wear long-sleeved gowns with closed fronts or
long-sleeved lab coats that are buttoned closedwhile in the lab.
Wear lab coats or gowns inside the lab only.
Cover all non-intact skin located on parts of thebody exposed to blood or body fluid
Remove all personal protective equipmentbefore leaving the Lab or work area
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENTS :
Lab coat
Gloves
Mask
Goggles
Leather shoes
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GlovesUse when touching blood, bodyfluids, secretions, excretions,
contaminated items;for touching mucus
membranes and nonintact skin
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How to Remove Gloves (1)
Grasp outside edge near
wrist Peel away from hand,
turning glove inside-out
Hold in opposite glovedhand
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How to Remove Gloves (2)
Slide ungloved finger
under the wrist of theremaining glove
Peel off from inside,
creating a bag forboth gloves
Discard
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Dos and Donts of Glove Use
Work from clean to dirty
Limit opportunities for touchcontamination - protect yourself, others,and the environment
Dont touch your face or adjust PPE withcontaminated gloves
Dont touch environmental surfaces exceptas necessary during patient care
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Dos and Donts of Glove Use
(contd)
Change gloves
During use if torn and when heavily soiled (even duringuse on the same patient)
After use on each patient
Discard in appropriate receptacle
Never wash or reuse disposable gloves
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Hand Hygiene
Appropriate hand washing can minimize micro-organisms
acquired on the hands by contact with body fluids and
contaminated surfaces. Hand washing breaks the chain of
infection transmission and reduces person-to-person
transmission.
Hand washing is the simplest and most cost effective way of
preventing the transmission of infection and thus reducing
the incidence of health-care associated infections.
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an yg ene(When)
Before patient contact. Before touching a patient, when approaching him/her
Before an aseptic task. Immediately before any aseptic task.2 After body fluid exposure risk. Immediately after an exposure risk to body fluid and after glove removal.
After patient contact. After touching a patient and her/his immediate
surroundings, when leaving the patients side.
After contact with patient surroundings. After touching any object or furniture in the patients immediate surroundings (even if the patient has not been touched).
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Hand Antisepsis/Decontamination
Hand antisepsis removes or destroys transient micro-organisms and confers a
prolonged effect.
Antiseptic hand washing should be done before and after aseptic procedures, before
and after dealing with an infected patient. The procedure is the same as that for social
hand washing except that an antiseptic soap is used. It may be carried out in one of
the following two ways:
Wash hands and forearms with antimicrobial soap and water, for 15-30 seconds
(following manufacturers instructions) and ensure complete drying. Decontaminate hands with a waterless, alcohol-based hand gel or hand rub for 15-30
seconds until hands are completely dry. This is appropriate for hands that are not
visibly contaminated.
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Antiseptics Specific antiseptics recommended for hand
antisepsis:
2%-4% chlorhexidine,
5%-7.5% povidone iodine, or
70% alcoholic hand rubs.
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Steps in hand washing Remove jewellery (rings, bracelets) and watches before washing hands
Ensure that the nails are clipped short (do not wear artificial nails)
Wet hands and wrists, keeping hands and wrists lower than the elbows
Apply soap (plain or antimicrobial) and lather thoroughly.
Use firm, circular motions to wash the hands and arms up to the wrists, covering all areas
including palms, back of the hands, fingers, between fingers and lateral side of fifth finger, and
wrists. Rub for minimum of 10-15 seconds.
Repeat the process if the hands are very soiled.
Clean under the fingernails.
Rinse hands thoroughly, keeping the hands lower than the forearms.
Dry hands thoroughly with disposable paper towel.
Discard the towel in a dustbin without touching the bin lids.
Use a fresh paper towel or your elbow/foot to turn off the faucet, to prevent recontamination of
hands.
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Steps using antiseptics, hand rubs, gels or alcohol swabs for hand
antisepsis
Apply the product to the palm of one hand.
Rub hands together, covering all surfaces of hands and fingers, until hands
are dry. Do not rinse.
Note: When there is visible soiling of hands,
wash hands with soap and water before using
hand rubs/ gel/ alcohol swabs.
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Healthcare Personnel as Adult Learners
Adult learners are very different from child learners.One reason is, unlike children, adults enter thelearning process after years of personal experience.Adults have existing knowledge, beliefs, and attitudesthat inf luence what they take from or contribute to alearning opportunity.
Safety issues are an ongoing agenda item
Safety training is part of staff development
Change in behavior and this matters a lot
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THANK YOU
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