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LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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TABLE�OF�CONTENTS� PAGE�
LIST�OF�TABLES�................................................................................................................................�iii�
LIST�OF�FIGURES�..............................................................................................................................�iv�
LIST�OF�ACRONYMS�AND�ABBREVIATIONS�.....................................................................................�vi�
EXECUTIVE�SUMMARY�..................................................................................................................�viii�
1.0� INTRODUCTION�................................................................................................................�1�1�
2.0� BACKGROUND�..................................................................................................................�2�1�
2.1� FACILITY�AND�LAND�USE�.....................................................................................................�2�1�
2.2� REGIONAL�SETTING�............................................................................................................�2�1�
2.3� WATER�RESOURCES�...........................................................................................................�2�2�
3.0� INVESTIGATION�AND�WORK�SUMMARY�.........................................................................�3�1�
3.1� LOWER�AQUIFER�INVESTIGATION�.........................................................................................�3�1�
3.2� SUMMARY�OF�LOWER�AQUIFER�REMEDIAL�INVESTIGATION�WORK�............................................�3�1�
3.3� PRIOR�DOCUMENTS�...........................................................................................................�3�2�
4.0� INVESTIGATION�FINDINGS�AND�CONCEPTUAL�SITE�MODEL�............................................�4�1�
4.1� ENVIRONMENTAL�SETTING�..................................................................................................�4�1�
4.1.1� GEOLOGIC�AND�HYDROGEOLOGIC�UNITS.........................................................................�4�1�
4.1.2� GROUNDWATER�GRADIENTS�.........................................................................................�4�1�
4.1.3� LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUND�WATER�AGE�.........................................................................�4�2�
4.1.4� WATER�QUALITY�TYPES�................................................................................................�4�2�
4.2� POTENTIAL�SOURCES�..........................................................................................................�4�4�
4.3� POTENTIAL�MIGRATION�PATHWAYS�.....................................................................................�4�4�
4.3.1� NATURE�AND�EXTENT�OF�CONSTITUENTS�IN�GROUNDWATER�.............................................�4�4�
4.3.2� POTENTIAL�MIGRATION�PATHWAYS�...............................................................................�4�5�
5.0� SUMMARY�AND�CONCLUSIONS�.......................................................................................�5�1�
6.0� REFERENCES�.....................................................................................................................�6�1�
� �
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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LIST�OF�TABLES�
Table�2�1� HCC�Treated�Wastewater�Analytical�Summary�
Table�3�1� Lower�Aquifer�Groundwater�Analytical�Results�Summary��
Table�3�2� Data�Qualifier�Definitions�
� �
�
� �
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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LIST�OF�FIGURES�
Figure�1�1� Site�Location�Map�
Figure�2�1� Site�Plan�
Figure�2�2� Regional�Land�Use�
Figure�2�3� Site�and�Vicinity�Land�Use�
Figure�2�4� Wastewater�and�Former�Primary�Land�Use�Timeline�
Figure�2�5� Physiographic�Setting�
Figure�2�6� Map�of�Geologic�Units�and�Corcoran�Clay�Extent�
Figure�2�7� San�Joaquin�Valley�Groundwater�Basin�
Figure�2�8� Regional�Well�Locations�
Figure�2�9� Supply�Well�Locations�
Figure�4�1a� Cross�Section�A�A’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�1b� Cross�Section�B�B’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�1c� Cross�Section�C�C’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�1d� Cross�Section�D�D’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�2� B�Aquitard�Isopach�
Figure�4�3a� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(January�2010)�
Figure�4�3b� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(January�2011)�
Figure�4�3c� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(January�2012)�
Figure�4�4a� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(April�2010)�
Figure�4�4b� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(July�2011)�
Figure�4�4c� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(April�2012)�
Figure�4�5a� Upper�Aquifer�Vertical�Gradient�Charts�
Figure�4�5b� Upper�to�Lower�Aquifer�Vertical�Gradient�Charts�
Figure�4�5c� Lower�Aquifer�Vertical�Gradient�Chart�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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LIST�OF�FIGURES�
Figure�4�6� Lower�Aquifer�Age�Dating�Monitoring�Well�Locations�
Figure�4�7� Lower�Aquifer�Tri�Linear�Diagram�
Figure�4�8� Stiff�Diagrams�Upper�and�Lower�Aquifers�(2010�Averaged�Data)�
Figure�4�9a� Iodide�vs.�Chloride�
Figure�4�9b� Iodide�vs.�Sodium�
Figure�4�10a� Lower�Aquifer�Iodide�and�Chloride�Concentrations�
Figure�4�10b� Upper�Aquifer�Iodide�and�Chloride�Concentrations�
Figure�4�11� Estimated�Area�of�Elevated�Regional�TDS�Levels�
Figure�4�12� Total�Dissolved�Solids�in�Groundwater�Samples�(Lower�Aquifer)��
Figure�4�13� Chloride�in�Groundwater�Samples�(Lower�Aquifer)�
Figure�4�14� Sodium�in�Groundwater�Samples�(Lower�Aquifer)�
Figure�4�15� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�23�
Figure�4�16� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�26�
Figure�4�17� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�27�
Figure�4�18� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�28�
Figure�4�29� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�38�
Figure�4�20� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�40�
Figure�4�21� IN�1�Vicinity�Grab�Groundwater�Data�
� �
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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LIST�OF�ACRONYMS�
AGR� agricultural�supply�
CAO� Cleanup�and�Abatement�Order�
CFC� chlorofluorocarbon�
COC� constituent�of�concern�
CSM� Conceptual�Site�Model�
CVRWQCB� Central�Valley�Regional�Water�Quality�Control�Board�
DWR� Department�of�Water�Resources�
ft� feet�
ft�bgs� feet�below�ground�surface�
fpm� feet�per�minute�
Fm� Formation�
GAMA� Groundwater�Ambient�Monitoring�and�Assessment�
gpm� gallons�per�minute�
HCC� Hilmar�Cheese�Company�
IND� industrial�service�supply�
JJ&A� Jacobson�James�&�Associates,�Inc.�
m� meter�
mg/L� milligrams�per�liter�
MUN� municipal�and�domestic�supply�
NWIS� National�Water�Information�System�
PRO� industrial�process�supply�
RI� Remedial�Investigation�
RI�Summary�Report� Remedial�Investigation�Summary�Report�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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LIST�OF�ACRONYMS�
SF6� sulfur�hexafluoride�
Site� Hilmar�Cheese�Company�Facility�
TDS� total�dissolved�solids�
TGBA� Turlock�Groundwater�Basin�Association�
TID� Turlock�Irrigation�District�
USGS� United�States�Geological�Survey�
WDR� Waste�Discharge�Requirement�
�
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LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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EXECUTIVE�SUMMARY�
Lower�Aquifer�remedial�investigation�(RI)�activities�were�performed�for�the�Hilmar�Cheese�Company�(HCC)�
facility�located�at�9001�Lander�Avenue�in�Hilmar,�California�(the�Site)�pursuant�to�Cleanup�and�Abatement�
Order� No.� R5�2004�0722� (CAO)� issued� by� the� Central� Valley� Regional� Water� Quality� Control� Board�
(CVRWQCB)�on�December�2,�2004.��The�objective�of�the�RI�work�was�to�evaluate�the�potential�source(s)�and�
extent� of� salt1� impact� to� the� Lower� Aquifer,� with� a� focus� on� evaluating� the� potential� for� historic� HCC�
discharges�being�the�source.���
The�RI�work�performed�was�in�accordance�with�CVRWQCB�approved�work�plans�and�included�the�following:����
� Sixteen�soil�borings�with�geophysical�logging;��
� Collection�of�six�soil�samples�for�physical�properties�testing;�
� Collection�of�70�Hydropunch®�grab�groundwater�samples�for�chemical�analyses�including�a�focused�
vertical�characterization�program�in�the�vicinity�of�the�former�HCC�supply�well�IN�1�to�evaluate�the�
potential�for�the�former�IN�1�to�have�provided�a�vertical�migration�pathway�from�the�Upper�Aquifer�
to�the�Lower�Aquifer;��
� Construction�and�development�of�eight�Lower�Aquifer�monitoring�wells;��
� Groundwater�monitoring�to�evaluate�horizontal�and�vertical�groundwater�gradients;�
� Vertical� water� flow� measurements� in� the� former� HCC� supply� well� IN�2� to� evaluate� the� potential�
for�vertical�migration�of�Upper�Aquifer�groundwater�into�the�Lower�Aquifer;��
� Collection�of�113�groundwater�samples�from�monitoring�and�supply�wells�for�chemical�analyses;���
� Groundwater�age�dating�on�four�monitoring�well�samples�and�two�grab�groundwater�samples;�and,��
� Review�of� regional� studies�and� reports� regarding�potential� regional� sources�of� salt� impact� to� the�
Lower�Aquifer.���
The�analytical�groundwater�data�indicate�that�chloride�comprises�the�majority�of�the�total�dissolved�solids�
(TDS)�within�the�Lower�Aquifer.��The�collective�technical�findings�from�all�lines�of�investigation�indicate�that�
the�HCC�discharges�could�not�have�been�a�significant�source�of�the�chloride�in�the�Lower�Aquifer.�
������������������������������������������������������������1�Salt�is�defined�herein�as�the�anions�and�cations�collectively�quantified�as�TDS.��
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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1. Age� dating� performed� using� sulfur� hexafluoride� (SF6)� and� chlorofluorocarbon� (CFC)� analyses�
indicated� that� the� sources� for� recharge� of� the� Lower� Aquifer� include� groundwater� greater� than�
40�years�but�less�than�70�years2�in�age.��The�HCC�operations�started�in�1986�(i.e.,�26�years�ago),�and�
as�such�there�are�either�no�HCC�contributions�or�the�contributions�are�so�minimal� that�SF6� is�not�
detected�within�the�Lower�Aquifer�groundwater.���
2. The� data� from� the� IN�1� vicinity� characterization� identified� higher� concentrations� of� dissolved�
constituents�(including�chloride,�sodium,�and�TDS)�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�than�in�the�Upper�Aquifer;�
the� data� indicate� that� the� IN�1� construction� did� not� provide� a� significant� migration� pathway�
between�the�Upper�Aquifer�groundwater�and�the�Lower�Aquifer.���
3. There�is�no�documented�historic�slug�source�(i.e.,�HCC�wastewater�discharge)�or�current�continuing�
source� (i.e.,� Upper� Aquifer� groundwater)� of� sufficient� magnitude� to� result� in� the� chloride�
concentrations�detected�in�the�Lower�Aquifer.���
4. There� are� differences� in� the� Upper� Aquifer� and� Lower� Aquifer� water� quality� types� indicating�
different� water� sources� and� the� potential� for� a� natural� source� of� elevated� chloride� in� the� Lower�
Aquifer:�
a. The�Lower�Aquifer�presents�a�chloride�rich�water�quality�signature�in�Lower�Aquifer�supply�
wells�upgradient�and�outside�of�any�potential�HCC�influence.�
b. There� is� a� strong� correlation� of� iodide�to�chloride� and� iodide�to�sodium� in� the� Lower�
Aquifer,� indicating� a� possible� natural� source� for� the� observed� chloride� and� sodium.��
No�such� relationship� was� observed� for� the� Upper� Aquifer� groundwater� where� neither�
chloride�nor�sodium�detections�correlated�with�iodide�detections.��
Based�on�the�RI�results,�no�further�evaluation�of�the�Lower�Aquifer�is�warranted.� �The�findings�have�been�
compiled� into� this� RI� Summary� Report� as�a� means� of�documenting� the� completion�of� the� Lower� Aquifer�
investigation�and�fully�addressing�the�CAO�requirements�for�the�Lower�Aquifer.���
�
�
������������������������������������������������������������2�Age�dating�for�older�groundwater�contribution�was�not�performed.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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1.0 INTRODUCTION�
Jacobson�James�&�Associates,�Inc.�(JJ&A)�has�prepared�this�Lower�Aquifer�Remedial�Investigation�Summary�
Report� (RI�Summary� Report)� on� behalf� of� Hilmar� Cheese� Company� (HCC)� for� the� HCC� facility� located� at�
9001�Lander�Avenue� in� Hilmar,� Merced� County,� California� just� north� of� the� town� of� Hilmar� as� shown� on�
Figure� 1�1� (the� Site).� � The� RI� Summary� Report� is� submitted� in� response� to� the� California� Valley� Regional�
Water� Quality� Control� Board� (CVRWQCB)� letter� dated� June� 20,� 2012,� and� in� accordance� with� the�
December�2,�2004�Cleanup�and�Abatement�Order�No.�R5�2004�0722�(CAO).���
The�RI�Summary�Report�provides�a�summary�of�Lower�Aquifer�investigation�activities�and�findings�based�on�
the�previously�submitted�work�plans�and�reports.��The�RI�Summary�Report�is�organized�as�follows:�
Section� � Description�
1.0� � Introduction��
2.0� � Background�
3.0� � Investigation�and�Work�Summary��
5.0�� � Investigation�Findings�and�Conceptual�Site�Model�
6.0� � Summary�and�Conclusions�
7.0� � References�
�
�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
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2.0 BACKGROUND�
2.1 FACILITY�AND�LAND�USE��
The�HCC�facility�was�constructed�in�1985�and�currently�comprises�approximately�77�acres,�including�the�HCC�
processing� plant� and� associated� buildings.� � The� Site� is� comprised� of� the� facility� and� the� adjacent� former�
Primary� Lands� as� shown� on� Figure� 2�1.� � As� shown� on� Figures� 2�2� and� 2�3,� agriculture� represents� the�
predominant�land�use�both�regionally�and�in�the�vicinity�of�the�Site.����
Facility� wastewater� discharge� locations,� including� the� former� holding/percolation� pond� and� the� Primary�
Lands,� are� shown� on� Figure� 2�1.� � Beginning� in� 1985,� facility� wastewater� was� discharged� to� the� former�
holding/percolation�pond�shown�on�Figure�2�4.� �Beginning� in�1989,� facility�wastewater�was�discharged�to�
areas�identified�as�Primary�Lands.��Up�to�and�through�1987,�the�wastewater�discharge�was�regulated�by�the�
Merced� County� Environmental� Health� Department.� � In� 1988,� the� responsibility� was� assumed� by� the�
CVRWQCB.� � Application� of� wastewater� through� January� 2010� was� regulated� under� Waste� Discharge�
Requirement� (WDR)� Nos.�89�028,� 90�123,� 92�156,� 94�276,� 97�206,� and� R5�2006�0025.� � Application� of�
treated� wastewater� is� currently� regulated� under� WDR� Order� No.� R5�2010�0008� and� is� applied� to� areas�
identified�in�the�WDRs�as�Reuse�Areas.��Discharge�of�the�partially�treated�wastewater�to�the�Primary�Lands�
ceased�on�December�13,�2010�and�these�areas�are�referred�to�as�the�Former�Primary�Lands.�
The�quality�and�volume�of�the�wastewater�application�to�the�Former�Primary�Lands�varied�over�time,�as�did�
the� size� and� location� of� the� Former� Primary� Lands.� � Table� 2�1� provides� an� analytical� summary� of� key�
constituents� in� the� facility� wastewater� applied� to� the� Former� Primary� Lands� between� 1991� and� 2010.��
Figure�2�4� provides� a� timeline� depicting� the� changes� in� the� wastewater� quality� and� volumes,� and� the�
changes�to�the�Former�Primary�Land�layout�and�acreage.���
2.2 REGIONAL�SETTING�
The�Site�is�located�in�the�northern�portion�of�the�San�Joaquin�Valley�at�an�elevation�of�approximately�90�feet�
above�mean�sea�level.��The�San�Joaquin�Valley�gradually�slopes�westward�from�the�Sierra�Nevada�Mountain�
Range� to� the� San� Joaquin� River.� � As� shown� on� Figure� 2�5,� the� Site� is� located� on� a� low� alluvial� plain�
approximately�4�miles�north�of�the�Merced�River�and�8�miles�east�of�the�San�Joaquin�River.���
The� Site� is� situated� on� the� floor� of� the� San� Joaquin� Valley� in� an� area� underlain� predominantly� by�
unconsolidated� fluvial� and� lacustrine� deposits.� � As� shown� on� Figure� 2�6,� the� Site� is� located� in� an� area�
mapped� by� the� United� States� Geological� Survey� (USGS)� (Burrow,� et� al,� 2004)� as� the� Modesto� Formation�
(Fm).��The�Modesto�Fm�consists�of�alluvial�sediments�that�host�unconfined�to�semi�confined�groundwater�in�
the�vicinity�of�the�Site�(Burrow,�et�al,�2004).��The�primary�source�of�present�day�recharge�to�the�Modesto�Fm�
in� the� vicinity� of� the� Site� is� irrigation� water� (Burrow,� et� al,� 2004).� � Irrigation� practices� combined� with�
extensive�groundwater�extraction�from�deeper�aquifers�in�the�area�results�in�a�significant�downward�vertical�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
2�2�
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gradient�in�the�region�(Burrow,�et�al,�2004)�and�in�the�vicinity�of�the�Site�as�measured�in�Site�specific�well�
pairs�discussed�in�Section�4.1.2.���
The�aquifer�system�present�in�the�Modesto�Fm�is�separated�from�the�deeper�aquifer�system�of�the�Turlock�
Lake�Fm�by�the�Corcoran�Clay.��The�Corcoran�Clay�is�a�fine�grained�lacustrine�deposit�in�the�upper�portion�of�
the�Turlock�Lake�Fm�estimated�to�be�up�to�50�feet�thick�in�the�vicinity�of�the�Site.��The�Corcoran�Clay,�also�
known�locally�as�the�“Blue�Clay”�or�“E�Clay”,�is�laterally�extensive�and�reported�to�significantly�impede�the�
vertical�movement�of�groundwater.� �The�Corcoran�Clay�has�been�observed�beneath�the�Site�at�depths�of�
110�to�160�feet� below� ground� surface� (ft�bgs)� (JJ&A,� 2010a).� � Figure� 2�6� indicates� the� estimated� lateral�
extent�of�the�Corcoran�Clay�in�the�region.� �The�Corcoran�Clay�is�the�defining�hydrogeologic�feature�at�the�
Site�separating�the�aquifer�systems�into�the�Upper�Aquifer�(above�the�Corcoran�Clay)�and�the�Lower�Aquifer�
(below�the�Corcoran�Clay).��
2.3 WATER�RESOURCES�
The�Site�is�located�in�the�San�Joaquin�Valley�Groundwater�Basin,�Turlock�Sub�Basin�as�shown�on�Figure�2�7.��
The� Turlock� Sub�Basin� is� bounded� to� the� north,� west� and� south� by� the� Tuolumne,� San� Joaquin� and�
Merced�Rivers,� respectively.� � The� beneficial� uses� of� the� groundwater� within� the� Turlock� Sub�Basin� and�
underlying�the�Site�are�identified�in�The�Water�Quality�Control�Plan�(Basin�Plan)�for�the�California�Regional�
Water�Quality�Control�Board,�Central�Valley�Region,�Fourth�Edition�(the�“Basin�Plan”,�[CVRWQCB,�2007])�as�
follows:�
� Municipal�and�Domestic�Supply�(MUN)�–�Water�supply�for�community,�military,�or�individual�use;�
� Agricultural�Supply�(AGR)�–�Uses�of�water�for�farming,�horticulture,�or�ranching�including,�but�not�
limited� to,� irrigation� (including� leaching� of� salts),� stock� watering,� or� support� of� vegetation� for�
range�grazing;�
� Industrial�Service�Supply�(IND)�–�Uses�of�water�for�industrial�activities�that�do�not�depend�primarily�
on�water�quality�including,�but�not�limited�to,�mining,�cooling�water�supply,�hydraulic�conveyance,�
gravel�washing,�fire�protection,�or�oil�well�re�pressurization;�and,�
� Industrial� Process� Supply� (PRO)� –� Uses� of�water� for� industrial� activities� that� depend� primarily�on�
water�quality.��
Groundwater� is� used� in� the� vicinity� of� the� Site� for� domestic,� irrigation,� and� industrial� process� supplies�
(Burrow,�et�al,�2004).� �Figure�2�8�depicts�the� locations�and�density�of�reported�supply�wells� in�the�region�
based�on�well�logs�filed�with�the�Department�of�Water�Resources�(DWR).��This�figure�also�identifies�the�wells�
used� in�the�California�Groundwater�Ambient�Monitoring�and�Assessment�(GAMA)�program,� implemented�
by� the�USGS� in� cooperation�with� the�California�State�Water�Resources�Control�Board� (Landon,�M.K.,�and�
Belitz,�Kenneth,�2008).���
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
2�3�
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Figure�2�9�identifies�the�locations�of�supply�wells�at�and�in�the�immediate�vicinity�of�the�Site�based�on�DWR�
records,�prior�Site�work� (B&C,�2005),�and� field� reconnaissance�by� JJ&A� (JJ&A,�2010d).� � Supply�wells�have�
been�installed�to�extract�groundwater�from�the�Upper�Aquifer�and�the�Lower�Aquifer.��Several�of�the�supply�
wells�have�been�constructed�such�that�their�screened�intervals�and/or�their�filter�packs�connect�the�discrete�
aquifer� systems� across� the� Corcoran� Clay.� � These� wells� present� potential� pathways� for� groundwater� to�
migrate�between�discrete�aquifers.���
As�shown�on�Figure�2�6,�there�are�no�natural�surface�water�bodies�such�as�creeks,�streams,�rivers,�lakes,�or�
wetlands� proximal� to� the� Site.� � Based� on� this,� there� are� no� surface� water� bodies� affected� by� the�
Site�discharge.�����
�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
3�1�
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3.0 INVESTIGATION�AND�WORK�SUMMARY�
3.1 LOWER�AQUIFER�INVESTIGATION��
Investigation� of� the� Lower� Aquifer� was� performed� in� response� to� CVRWQCB� requests� to� evaluate� the�
potential�for�HCC�historic�wastewater�discharges�to�have�been�the�source�of�elevated�total�dissolved�solids�
(TDS)� in� the�Lower�Aquifer.� �Data� relevant� to� the�Lower�Aquifer� evaluation�have�been� produced� through�
prior�investigation�activities�focused�on�the�Upper�Aquifer.��However,�it�was�necessary�to�supplement�this�
data� with� Lower� Aquifer� specific� investigations� which� were� performed� in� accordance� with� the� following�
CVRWQCB�approved�work�plans:�
� Updated� Lower� Aquifer� Source� and� Extent� Evaluation� Work� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��JJ&A;�July�6,�2010;�and,�
� Lower� Aquifer� Evaluation� Update� and� Data� Gaps� Work� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��JJ&A;�September�22,�2011.�
3.2 SUMMARY�OF�LOWER�AQUIFER�REMEDIAL�INVESTIGATION�WORK��
Investigation�work�that�provided�data�relevant�to�the�Lower�Aquifer�included:��
� Installation�of�sixteen�soil�borings�with�geophysical�logging;��
� Collection�of�six�soil�samples�for�physical�properties�testing;�
� Collection�of�70�Hydropunch®�grab�groundwater�samples�for�chemical�analyses�including�a�focused�
vertical�characterization�program�in�the�vicinity�of�the�former�HCC�supply�well�IN�1�to�evaluate�the�
potential�for�the�former�IN�1�to�have�provided�a�vertical�migration�pathway�from�the�Upper�Aquifer�
to�the�Lower�Aquifer;��
� Construction�and�development�of�eight�Lower�Aquifer�monitoring�wells;��
� Groundwater�monitoring�to�evaluate�horizontal�and�vertical�groundwater�gradients;��
� Vertical�water�flow�measurements�in�the�former�HCC�supply�well�IN�2�to�evaluate�the�potential�for�
vertical�migration�of�Upper�Aquifer�groundwater�into�the�Lower�Aquifer;��
� Collection�of�113�groundwater�samples�from�monitoring�and�supply�wells�for�chemical�analyses;���
� Groundwater�age�dating�of�two�grab�groundwater�samples�and�four�monitoring�well�samples;��
� Review�of�regional�studies�and�reports�regarding�potential� regional�sources�of�TDS� impact� to� the�
Lower�Aquifer;�and,�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
3�2�
��
� Review�and�evaluation�of�well�construction�and�water�quality�data�for�Lower�Aquifer�wells� in�the�
regional�vicinity�of�the�Site.��
� A�total�of�453�well�completion�reports�were�obtained�from�the�DWR�for�the�Site�vicinity�
and� reviewed;� 80� Lower� Aquifer� wells� were� identified,� 10� of� which� had� filter� packs� and�
screened�intervals�completed�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�alone.�
� Well�information�was�obtained�from�the�USGS�National�Water�Information�System�(NWIS):�
Web�Interface;�sixteen�wells�were�identified�through�NWIS�for�the�Site�vicinity.�
� GeoTracker�was�reviewed�for�wells�located�in�the�vicinity�of�the�Site�which�were�properly�
constructed� in� the� Lower� Aquifer.� � No� wells� were� identified� through� the�
GeoTracker�search.�
� Turlock�Irrigation�District�(TID)�provided�analytical�data�for�172�well�locations�within�their�
jurisdiction�for�the�period�of�time�of�1999�through�2009.���
� Analytical�data�for�wells�identified�through�the�NWIS�was�obtained�from�the�NWIS.���
� The� sample� locations� identified� by� TID� and� obtained� from� the� NWIS� could� not� be�
definitively� correlated� with� the� DWR� identified� well� locations� as� TID� and� NWIS� use� a�
sample� identification� system� that� does� not� include� the� DWR� log� reference� number.��
As�such,� DWR� well� locations� were� geospatially� compared� with� TID� and� NWIS�
sample�locations.�
The� locations� of� soil� borings,� Hydropunch®� samples,� and� monitoring� wells� are� provided� on� Figure� 2�1.��
The�Lower� Aquifer� grab� and� monitoring� well� groundwater� sample� results� are� summarized� in� Table� 3�1.��
Data�qualifier�definitions�are�defined�in�Table�3�2.�
Data� validation� was� performed� throughout� the� investigation� activities� to� verify� that� the� data� were�
acceptable� and� of� sufficiently� high� quality� for� investigation� decision� making� purposes.� � Data� validation�
reports�were�included�with�the�historical�reports�referenced�in�Section�3.3,�to�discuss�the�data�evaluation�
and�present�the�findings.��All�data�were�determined�to�be�usable,�as�qualified,�for�the�investigation�related�
decision�making�purposes,�with�the�exception�of�one�nitrate�nitrogen�result�(sample�collected�from�MW�38�
on�December�28,�2010).���
3.3 PRIOR�DOCUMENTS�
The� following� documents,� previously� submitted� to� the� CVRWQCB,� describe� the� work� performed� and�
present�the�investigation�results�obtained�through�the�Site�investigation�activities�which�comprise�the�basis�
of�the�information�presented�herein.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
3�3�
��
� Preliminary� Conceptual� Site� Model� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,� California.��
JJ&A;�October�1,�2008.��
� Addendum�to�Supply�Well�Evaluation�Technical�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
JJ&A;�June�8,�2009.�
� Supply� Well� Data� Gaps� Update� Technical� Memorandum,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��JJ&A;�October�5,�2009.�
� Extended� Water� Level� Survey� Technical� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,� California.��
JJ&A;�November�5,�2009.�
� Interim� Data� Deliverable� and� Data� Gap� Update,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,� California.��
JJ&A;�December�9,�2009.�
� Second�Interim�Data�Deliverable�and�Data�Gap�Update,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
JJ&A;�February�12,�2010.�
� Addendum� to� Second� Interim� Data� Deliverable� and� Data� Gap� Update,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��JJ&A;�April�15,�2010.�
� Lower�Aquifer�Source�and�Extent�Evaluation�Work�Plan,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
JJ&A;�May�14,�2010.�
� Remedial� Investigation� Report� [Upper� Aquifer],� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,� California.��
JJ&A;�June�18,�2010.�
� Lower�Aquifer�Private�Well�Sampling�and�Analysis�Plan,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
JJ&A;�June�23,�2010.�
� Lower� Aquifer� Source� and� Extent� Evaluation� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,� California.��
JJ&A;�March�29,�2011.�
� Lower� Aquifer� Evaluation� Update� and� Data� Gaps� Work� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��JJ&A;�September�22,�2011�
� Lower� Aquifer� Data� Gap� Investigation� Status� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,� California.��
JJ&A;�June�6,�2012.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
3�4�
��
In� addition� to� the� documents� listed� above,� submittals� to� the� CVRWQCB� providing� data� relevant� to� the�
Lower�Aquifer�investigation�included�the�annual�supply�well�sampling�data�transmittals�for�2010�and�2011�
and�the�quarterly�monitoring�and�sampling�data�transmittals�submitted�since�the�third�quarter�of�2010.�
�
�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
4�1�
��
4.0 INVESTIGATION�FINDINGS�AND�CONCEPTUAL�SITE�MODEL�
As� identified� in�Section�3.3,�detailed�results�of�the� investigation�work�relevant�to�this�RI�Summary�Report�
have�been�presented�in�prior�submittals.��A�summary�of�the�Lower�Aquifer�investigation�findings�is�provided�
herein�within�the�context�of�the�Conceptual�Site�Model�(CSM)�framework.��
4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL�SETTING�
4.1.1 GEOLOGIC�AND�HYDROGEOLOGIC�UNITS�
The� subsurface� is� comprised� of� several� defined� lithologic� units� as� illustrated� in� the� four� cross� sections�
presented�as�Figures�4�1a�through�4�1d.��Cross�section�A�A’�characterizes�lithologies�along�the�groundwater�
flow�axis�in�a�northeast�southwest�direction.��Cross�sections�B�B’,�C�C’,�and�D�D’�present�east�west�transects�
across� the�central�portion�of� the�HCC�Site,�near� the�southern�boundary�of� the�HCC�site�and�south�of� the�
HCC�Site,�respectively.�
The� hydrostratigraphic� units� have� been� divided� based� on� the� various� lithologies� encountered,� their�
respective�lateral�continuity�and�groundwater�occurrence.��The�eight�(8)�hydrostratigraphic�units�defined�for�
the� Site� are,� in� order� of� increasing� depth� below� grade:� (1)� Vadose� zone;� (2)� A�Zone;� (3)� A�Aquitard;�
(4)�B�Zone;� (5)� B�Aquitard;� (6)�C�Zone;� (7)� C�Aquitard;� and,� (8)� D�Zone.� � The� B�Aquitard� is� a� laterally�
continuous�clay�unit�encountered�at�an�approximate�depth�range�of�110�to�160�ft�bgs�in�the�vicinity�of�the�
Site�and�appears�to�dip�slightly�to�the�south�and�west.� �This�unit�correlates�with,�and�is� interpreted�to�be�
analogous�to,�the�Corcoran�Clay.��The�units�beneath�the�Site�correlate�with�the�Modesto�and�Turlock�Lake�
Fms,�noted�in�studies�of�the�USGS�(Burrow,�et�al,�2004)�and�the�California�DWR�(DWR,�2003).�
As�shown�in�cross�section�C�C’�(Figure�4�1c)�the�B�Aquitard�is�a�significant�lithologic�feature�separating�the�
Upper� Aquifer� and� Lower� Aquifer� zones.� � Figure� 4�2� illustrates� the� observed� thickness� of� the� B�Aquitard�
beneath,�and�in�the�vicinity�of,�the�HCC�Site.��This�figure�presents�lithologic�data�from�both�monitoring�well�
and� supply� well� lithologic� and� geophysical� logs.� � A� review� of� this� figure� indicates� that� the� B�Aquitard� is�
laterally�extensive�and�varies�from�approximately�10�to�100�feet�thick�in�the�areas�south�and�southwest�of�
the�Site.�
4.1.2 GROUNDWATER�GRADIENTS��
The� horizontal� gradient� within� the� Lower� Aquifer� is� very� flat� and� the� flow� direction� is� generally� to� the�
southwest.��Because�the�horizontal�gradient�is�so�flat,�the�flow�direction�can�be�affected�by�fluctuations�in�
groundwater� elevation� caused� by� pumping� well� operations.� � Figures� 4�3a� through� 4�3c� provide� Lower�
Aquifer�potentiometric�surface�maps�representing�the�winter,�when�there�is�little�to�no�irrigation�and�little�
to�no�irrigation�supply�well�use.��Conversely,�irrigation�and�irrigation�supply�well�use�is�typically�occurring�in�
the� spring� (May� –� June)� and� is� at� peak� levels� in� the� summer� (July� –� August).� � Figures� 4�4a� through� 4�4c�
provide�Lower�Aquifer�potentiometric�surface�maps�representative�of�the�irrigation�season.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
4�2�
��
Vertical� gradients� are� illustrated� in� Figures� 4�5a,� 4�5b,� and� 4�5c� for� the� Upper� Aquifer,� between� the�
Upper�Aquifer�and�Lower�Aquifer�(i.e.,�across�the�Corcoran�Clay)�and�within�the�Lower�Aquifer,�respectively.��
The�Corcoran�Clay�separates�the�Upper�Aquifer�and�the�Lower�Aquifer�into�two�distinct�hydrostratigraphic�
units�and�impedes,�but�does�not�eliminate,�vertical�flow�between�them.��As�shown,�the�vertical�gradients�
are� predominantly� downward;� although� an� upward� gradient� has� been� present� at� the� Upper� Aquifer�
MW�17/MW�29�well�pair�located�southwest�of�the�Site�since�2011.�
4.1.3 LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER�AGE��
The�sulfur�hexafluoride�and�chlorofluorocarbon�(SF6/CFC)�methods�used�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�investigation�
are�appropriate�for�age�dating�of�young�groundwater�(i.e.,�groundwater�<�50�years�old),�as�detailed�in�the�
Lower�Aquifer�Evaluation�Update�and�Data�Gaps�Work�Plan�(JJ&A,�2011b).��Groundwater�can�be�comprised�
of� recharge� from� multiple� sources� of� various� ages,� and� a� mixed� age� result� occurs� in� these� cases.��
However,�if�the�Lower�Aquifer�contains�young�groundwater�then�some�detection�of�SF6�and�CFCs�would�be�
expected.��No�SF6�detection�indicates�that�either�the�groundwater�does�not�contain�any�water�younger�than�
40�years�or�that�the�contribution�of�water�of�this�age�range�is�not�sufficient�for�a�detection�of�SF6.�
Figure� 4�6� provides� the� estimated� mixed� age� for� the� Lower� Aquifer� groundwater� sample� locations.��
As�shown,�the�age�estimates�ranged�from�31�33�years�at�MW�26�to�63�65�years�at�MW�23.��As�previously�
reported�(JJ&A,�2012),�there�were�no�detections�of�SF6�in�any�of�the�groundwater�samples�collected�from�
the�Site�but�there�were�detections�of�CFCs.��The�absence�of�SF6�detections�indicates�that�either�the�source�
for�the�recharge�of�the�Lower�Aquifer�is�greater�than�40�years�(as�of�the�February�2012�sampling�date)�or�
that� contributions� from� a� source� less� than� 40� years� is� so� minimal� as� to� result� in� no� detections� of� SF6.��
The�CFC� detections� indicate� a� contributing� source� of� Lower� Aquifer� recharge� that� is� less� than� 70� years.��
As�such,� the� data� indicate� a� contributing� Lower� Aquifer� recharge� source� that� is� greater� than� 40� years,�
but�less�than�70�years�old3.��
4.1.4 WATER�QUALITY�TYPES�
The�data�collected�indicates�that�the�Upper�Aquifer�and�Lower�Aquifer�water�quality�types�are�not�similar.��
A�Piper� diagram� (tri�linear� plot)� is� provided� as� Figure� 4�7,� showing� a� bicarbonate�rich� signature� for� the�
Upper� Aquifer� as� compared� to� a� chloride�rich� signature� for� the� Lower� Aquifer� as� previously� reported�
(JJ&A,�2010d).��In�addition�to�the�Piper�diagram,�Stiff�diagrams�have�been�prepared�for�Upper�Aquifer�and�
Lower� Aquifer� monitoring� and� supply� wells� as� shown� on� Figure� 4�8.� � The� Stiff� diagrams� provide�
representative�shapes�based�on�the�percent�of�select�ions�in�the�sampled�water,�and�as�such�provide�a�good�
means�of�visually�comparing�water�quality�types.��Review�of�Figure�4�8�indicates:�
������������������������������������������������������������3�Age�dating�of�older�groundwater�sources�was�not�performed�and�there�may�also�be�contributions�from�sources�older�than�70�years�that�were�not�identified.��
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
4�3�
��
� Upper�Aquifer�Shallow�Zone�water�beneath�the�Site�generally�exhibits�a�bicarbonate� inflection�to�
the�right�and�a�sodium/potassium�tail�to�the�left.�
� Upper�Aquifer�Supply�Zone�water�beneath�the�Site�indicates�a�modified�signature,�likely�the�result�
of�attenuation�and�mixing�processes,�wherein�the�sodium/potassium�tail�to�the�left�is�gone�and�the�
carbonate�inflection�to�the�right�is�diminished.�
� The�Lower�Aquifer�water�beneath�and�southwest�of�the�Site�does�not�have�a�sodium/potassium�tail�
to�the�left�but�generally�does�have�a�chloride�tail�to�the�right.��This�same�shape�is�present�at�Lower�
Aquifer�locations�outside�of�HCC�influence;�IN�07�north�of�the�Site�and�DW�108�east�of�the�Site.�
From�a�trend�perspective,�the�Lower�Aquifer�water�quality�Stiff�diagrams�indicate�that�groundwater�coming�
from�the�northeast�and�east� is�of� fresher�water�quality�with�relatively� lower� levels�of�cations�and�anions,�
transitioning�to�a�more�chloride�rich�water�west�and�south�of�the�Site.��The�water�quality�signature�for�the�
two�Lower�Aquifer�well�locations�outside�of�HCC�influence�(IN�07�and�DW�108)�supports�the�conclusion�that�
HCC�is�not�a�source�of�elevated�chloride�in�the�Lower�Aquifer.�
Comparisons�of�constituents�commonly�used�to�evaluate�sources�of�salinity�were�also�performed,�including�
boron,� chloride,� and� iodide� (Izbicki� et� al,� 2006;� Richter� et� al,� 1991)� relative� to� sodium.� � There� were� no�
discernible� spatial� or� concentration� trends� or� relationships� apparent� between� boron� and� chloride�
(JJ&A,�2011a)�in�either�the�Upper�Aquifer�or�Lower�Aquifer.��However,�discernible�trends�and�relationships�
were�noted�between�iodide�and�chloride�and�between�iodide�and�sodium�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�as�follows:�
� Iodide� and� chloride:� no� trends� or� relationships� were� noted� for� the� Upper� Aquifer� but� a� strong�
spatial�and�concentration�correlation�was�observed�for�the�Lower�Aquifer�as�shown�on�Figure�4�9a;�
an� iodide� to� chloride� ratio� of� approximately� 1:1,000� was� observed� wherein� a� concentration� of�
0.1�milligrams�per� liter� (mg/L)�of� iodide�correlates�approximately� to�a�concentration�of�100�mg/L�
chloride�in�Lower�Aquifer�groundwater.�
� Iodide� and� sodium:� similar� to� the� iodide� to� chloride� finding,� there� were� no� distinctive� iodide� to�
sodium�trends�or�relationships�noted�for�the�Upper�Aquifer�but�a�strong�correlation�was�observed�
for�the�Lower�Aquifer�as�shown�on�the�graph�provided�as�Figure�4�9b.�
� Iodide�and�chloride�concentration�contours�for�the�Lower�Aquifer�and�Upper�Aquifer�are�provided�
as� Figures� 4�10a� and� 4�10b,� respectively.� � Comparison� of� the� figures� shows� that� iodide�
concentrations�are�lower�in�the�Upper�Aquifer�compared�to�the�Lower�Aquifer.��There�is�a�general�
spatial� agreement� between� elevated� iodide� and� chloride� concentrations� in� the� Upper� Aquifer,�
but�the� line� graph� (Figure� 4�9a)� indicates� the� correlation� is� weak.� � Conversely,� review� of�
Figure�4�10a�supports�the�Lower�Aquifer�line�graph�finding�that�iodide�concentrations�are�strongly�
correlated�with�chloride�concentrations�and�the�concentration�of�one�can�be�used�to�predict� the�
concentration�of�the�other�(i.e.,�R2=0.9869).�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
4�4�
��
The�existence�of�a�strong�iodide�to�sodium�and�iodide�to�chloride�correlation�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�indicates�
that� the� constituents� are� likely� from� a� common� and� perhaps� natural� source.� � Comparison� of� the� Upper�
Aquifer� and� Lower� Aquifer� trends� and� relationship� findings� also� indicates� different� water� quality� within�
these�two�units.�
4.2 POTENTIAL�SOURCES�
Potential� sources� of� elevated� chloride� in� Lower� Aquifer� groundwater� evaluated� through� the� RI� activities�
include� the� pre�2010� HCC� wastewater� discharges� to� the� Former� Primary� Lands� and� regional� sources� of�
increased� salinity.� � The� investigation� age�dating� results� indicate� that� the� prior� HCC� discharges� are� not� a�
significant�source�of�the�chloride�in�the�Lower�Aquifer���
Data�and�studies�regarding�regional�water�quality�conditions�and�potential�sources�have�been�identified�and�
summarized� in� the� prior� Lower� Aquifer� investigation� reports� identified� in� Section� 3.3.� � Of� particular�
importance�to�the�HCC�Lower�Aquifer�source�and�extent�evaluation�work�is�the�Turlock�Groundwater�Basin,�
Draft�Groundwater�Management�Plan�(TGBA,�2008)�which�reported�that�“The�TDS�levels�in�groundwater�in�
the� eastern� two�thirds� of� the� Basin� are� generally� less� than� 500� mg/L.� � TDS� in� groundwater� increases�
westward�towards�the�San�Joaquin�River�and�southward�towards�the�Merced�River.��In�these�areas,�high�TDS�
water�is�found�in�wells�deeper�than�350�feet.��Better�quality�groundwater�(less�than�1,000�mg/L�TDS)�in�these�
areas� is� found� at� shallower� depths.”,� and� “The� shallowest� high� TDS� groundwater� occurs� in� zones� five� to�
six�miles�wide�adjacent�and�parallel�to�the�San�Joaquin�River�and�the�lower�part�of�the�Merced�River�west�of�
Hilmar,�where�high�TDS�groundwater�is�upwelling.”��As�shown�on�Figure�4�11,�the�Site�is�located�just�outside�
of�this�described�area.��The�potential�for�a�regional�water�quality�transition�to�this�area�southwest�of�the�Site�
is� supported� by� the� investigation� data� collected� as� presented� in� Stiff� diagrams� and� iodide�chloride�
concentrations,�including�data�from�well�locations�outside�of�HCC�influence.�
4.3 POTENTIAL�MIGRATION�PATHWAYS�
4.3.1 NATURE�AND�EXTENT�OF�CONSTITUENTS�IN�LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER��
Constituent�concentration�maps�provided�as�Figures�4�12�through�4�14�present�the�concentrations�of�TDS,�
chloride,� and� sodium� in� Lower� Aquifer� groundwater.� � Chloride� in� groundwater� concentrations� are� also�
included�on�the�cross�sections�provided�as�Figures�4�1a�through�4�1d.�
Review�of�Figures�4�12�through�4�14�show�a�consistent�general�pattern�of�higher�concentrations�off�Site�to�
the�southwest�than�beneath�the�Site.��Constituent�specific�findings�are�as�follows:�
� Total� Dissolved� (Figure� 4�12):� It� is� noted� that� monitoring� well� results� correlate� well� with� grab�
groundwater� data� for� similar� depths� at� the� Lower� Aquifer� locations� south� of� the� HCC� site.��
The�highest�concentrations�of�TDS�were�detected�south�and�southwest�of�the�Site.��
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
4�5�
��
� Chloride� (Figure�4�13):�Chloride� is�not�prone�to�attenuation�and� it� is� transported� in�groundwater,�
and�is� considered� the� primary� constituent� of� interest� in� the� Lower� Aquifer.� � The� highest�
concentrations�of�chloride�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�are�located�southwest�of�the�Site.��It�is�noted�that�
chloride�is�also�observed�to�generally�increase�in�depth�at�each�location�sampled�as�indicated�in�the�
grab�groundwater�data�provided�on�Figure�4�13�and�on�the�cross�sections�presented�as�Figures�4�1a�
through�4�1d.��
� Sodium�(Figure�4�14):�There�is�not�a�high�degree�of�variability�in�the�range�of�sodium�concentrations�
beneath�the�Site�and�off�Site�to�the�south�and�southwest.��The�highest�concentrations�of�sodium�in�
the�Lower�Aquifer�were�at�the�sample� locations�south�and�southwest�of� the�Site,�and�the� lowest�
results�were�for�samples�northeast�of�the�Site�(SB�05�and�HP�01).���
Figure� 4�15� through�Figure�4�20�provide� time�versus�concentration�graphs� for�TDS,� chloride�and�sodium;�
and�includes�hydrographs�for�the�Lower�Aquifer�wells.��
4.3.2 POTENTIAL�MIGRATION�PATHWAYS�
A�focused�vertical�characterization�investigation�was�performed�in�the�vicinity�of�the�former�HCC�supply�well�
IN�1�to�determine�if�the�IN�1�well�construction�represented�a�potential�pathway�for�shallow�groundwater�to�
migrate�to�the�Lower�Aquifer.��The�lithologic�and�analytical�results,�consistent�with�prior�Site�data,�indicated�
the� presence� of� the� Corcoran� Clay� layer� between� the� Upper� Aquifer� and� the� Lower� Aquifer.��
Chloride,�iodide,�and�TDS�were�present�at�higher�concentrations�in�the�Lower�Aquifer�as�compared�to�the�
Upper� Aquifer� as� shown� on� Figure� 4�21� for� the� SB�10� location;� and� therefore� the� source� of� these�
constituents�is�not�the�Upper�Aquifer�at�this�location.��The�data�indicate�that�the�IN�1�construction�did�not�
provide�a�migration�pathway�between�the�Upper�Aquifer�groundwater�and�the�Lower�Aquifer.�
An�intra�well�flow�evaluation�was�performed�at�the�former�HCC�supply�well�IN�2.��The�evaluation�indicated�
no�vertical�flow�within�the�well�above�the�first�screened�interval,�a�flow�rate�greater�than�1�foot�per�minute�
(fpm)�with�a�maximum�flow�rate�measured�at�approximately�3.1�fpm�(i.e.,�12.26�gallons�per�minute�[gpm])�
was�measured�at�and�below�the�first�screened�interval�to�the�bottom�of�the�second�screened�interval�
(approximately�92�to�232�feet�below�top�of�casing).���
Despite�the�IN�2�intra�well�flow�measurements,�the�data�collected�through�the�investigation�activities�
indicate�that�the�migration�of�TDS�and�chloride�through�either�well�or�through�the�Corcoran�Clay�has�not�
occurred�at�a�level�of�significance�based�on�the�age�dating�results�and�the�analytical�data.�
�
�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
5�1�
��
5.0 SUMMARY�AND�CONCLUSIONS�
Site�specific�geologic,�hydrogeologic,�groundwater�chemistry�and�groundwater�age�data�were�collected�to�
provide� information� relevant� to� evaluating� the� potential� source(s)� and� extent� of� salt� impact� within� the�
Lower�Aquifer�beneath�and�south�and�southwest�of�the�HCC�Site.��Additionally,�regional�studies�and�reports�
were� reviewed� to� identify� data� regarding� potential� regional� presence� and� sources� of� salt� impact� to� the�
Lower�Aquifer.��A�summary�of�the�findings�are�as�follows:�
� The�Corcoran�Clay�is�present�throughout�the�investigation�area�and�was�noted�to�thicken�locally�to�
approximately�90�feet�in�the�vicinity�of�MW�40.���
� The�vertical�groundwater�gradients�within�the�Upper�Aquifer,�across�the�Corcoran�Clay�and�within�
the�Lower�Aquifer�are�predominantly�downward.��
� The� horizontal� groundwater� gradient� within� the� Lower� Aquifer� is� very� flat� and� generally� to� the�
south�with�variations�observed�which�may�be�the�result�of�pumping�well�influences.�
� The� groundwater� flow� in� the� Lower� Aquifer� is� variable� in� the� horizontal� flow� direction�and�
predominantly� downward� in� the� vertical� direction.� � The� downward� flow� component� results�
primarily� from� seasonal� groundwater� pumping� for� irrigation.� � The� Corcoran� Clay� separates� the�
Upper� Aquifer� and� the� Lower� Aquifer� into� two� distinct� hydrostratigraphic� units� and� impedes,�
but�does�not�eliminate,�vertical�flow�between�them.�
� Chloride� is� the� primary� constituent� of� interest� based� on� magnitude� of� detection� in� the�
Lower�Aquifer,�with�the�chloride�detections�in�the�grab�and�monitoring�well�samples�ranging�from�a�
400� mg/L� to� 630� mg/L.� � The� chloride� concentrations� in� the� depth� discrete� grab� groundwater�
samples�increased�with�depth.���
� Geochemical�evaluations�of�the�major�groundwater�ion�chemistry�indicate�that�the�Upper�Aquifer�
and�Lower�Aquifer�are�not�similar.��
� The�Upper�Aquifer�and�upgradient�portions�of�the�Lower�Aquifer�exhibit�a�bicarbonate�rich�
signature�as�compared�with�the�Lower�Aquifer�water�quality�beneath�and�southwest�of�the�
Site� which� exhibits� a� chloride� rich� water� signature.� � The� chloride� rich� water� quality�
signature� was� present� in� two� Lower� Aquifer� wells� not� within� HCC� influence�
(IN�07�and�DW�108).�
� A� strong� correlation� of� iodide� to� chloride� was� observed� for� the� Lower� Aquifer� at� a�
1:1,000�ratio;�indicating�that�the�chloride�and�iodide�detections�may�be�naturally�occurring�
versus� from� an� anthropogenic� source;� a� similar� pattern� was� observed� for� the� iodide� to�
sodium�comparison.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
5�2�
��
� Chloride�detections� in� the�HCC�wastewater�and�Upper�Aquifer�supply�zone�groundwater�
monitoring� wells� have� consistently� been� lower� than� the� chloride� detected� in� the�
Lower�Aquifer� monitoring� wells;� this� indicates� that� neither� the� HCC� wastewater� nor� the�
Upper�Aquifer�groundwater�are�sources�of�the�higher�chloride�concentrations�detected�in�
the�Lower�Aquifer.�
� The� chloride� detections� in� the� Lower� Aquifer� southwest� of� the� Site� are� consistently� higher� than�
those�detected� in� the�Upper�Aquifer�Supply�Zone� indicating� the�absence�of�a�continuous�source.��
Data� from� 1991� to� the� present� shows� that� average� annual� chloride� levels� have� not� exceeded�
486�mg/L.��
� The� results� of� the� lithological� and� groundwater� characterization� in� the� vicinity� of� IN�1� did� not�
indicate�that�the�well�construction�at�IN�1�was�a�migration�pathway�from�the�Upper�Aquifer�to�the�
Lower�Aquifer.�
� The� SF6� � and� CFC� analyses� indicate� that� the� sources� for� recharge� of� the� Lower� Aquifer� include�
groundwater�greater� than� 40�years�but� less� than�70�years4� in�age;� the�HCC�operations�started� in�
1986�(i.e.,�26�years�ago),�and�as�such�there�are�either�no�HCC�contributions�or�the�contributions�are�
so�minimal�that�SF6�is�not�detected�within�the�Lower�Aquifer�groundwater�composition.�
� Information�from�the�Turlock�Groundwater�Basin,�Draft�Management�Plan�(TCBA,�2008),�indicates�
that�water�quality� is�known�to�have�been�degraded�by�salts�to�the�southwest�of�the�Site�prior�to�
initiation� of� HCC� operations.� � The� potential� for� a� regional� water� quality� transition� to� this� area�
southwest�of�the�Site�is�supported�by�the�investigation�data�collected�as�presented�in�Stiff�diagrams�
and�iodide�chloride�concentrations,�including�data�from�well�locations�outside�of�HCC�influence.�
� The�Lower�Aquifer�iodide�to�chloride�and�iodide�to�sodium�relationships�suggests�a�possible�natural�
source�for�the�observed�chloride�rich�water�in�the�Lower�Aquifer.�
All� lines�of� investigation�indicate�that�HCC�is�not�the�source�of�the�elevated�chloride�which�comprises�the�
majority�of�the�TDS�observed�in�the�Lower�Aquifer.��Based�on�the�RI�data�collected,�no�further�evaluation�of�
the�Lower�Aquifer�is�warranted.��As�such,�the�requirements�of�the�CAO�have�been�fulfilled�with�regards�to�
the�Lower�Aquifer�with�the�submission�of�this�RI�Summary�Report.���
�
�
������������������������������������������������������������4�Age�dating�for�older�groundwater�contribution�was�not�performed.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
6�1�
��
6.0 REFERENCES�
Brown�and�Caldwell�(B&C),�2005.��Site�Assessment�Work�Plan,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
March�2005.�
Burrow,�K.R.,�Shelton,�J.L.,�Hevesi,�J.A.,�and�Weissmann,�G.S.,�2004.��Hydrogeologic�Characterization�of�the�
Modesto�Area,�San� Joaquin�Valley,�California:�U.S.�Geological�Survey�Scientific� Investigations�Report�
2004�5232,�pp.�54.�
Central� Valley� Regional� Water� Quality� Control� Board� (CVRWQCB),� 2004.� � Cleanup� and� Abatement�
Order�No.�R5�2004�0722� for� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Inc.,� Hilmar� Whey,� Inc.,� and� Kathy� and�
Delton�Nyman�Cheese�Processing�Plant,�Merced�County.��December�2,�2004.�
CVRWQCB,� 2007.� � The� Water� Quality� Control� Plan� (Basin� Plan)� for� the� California� Regional� Water� Quality�
Control�Board,�Central�Valley�Region,�Fourth�Edition.��Revised�October�2007.�
Department�of�Water�Resources�(DWR),�2003.��California’s�Groundwater,�Bulletin�118�–�Update�2003.��
http://www.water.ca.gov/pubs/groundwater/bulletin_118/california's_groundwater__bulletin_118_
�_update_2003_/bulletin118_entire.pdf.��October�2003.��
Izbicki,�John;�Metzger,�Loren,�McPherson,�Kelly,�Everett,�Rhett�and�Bennett,�George,�2006.��Sources�of�High�
Chloride� Water� to� Wells,� Eastern� San� Joaquin� Ground�Water� Subbasin,� California.� � United� States�
Geological�Survey�Open�File�Report�2006�1309.��November,�2006.�
Jacobson� James� &� Associates,� Inc.� (JJ&A),� 2008.� � Preliminary� Conceptual� Site� Model� Report,�
Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��October�1,�2008.��
JJ&A,� 2009a.� � Addendum� to� Supply� Well� Evaluation� Technical� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��June�8,�2009.�
JJ&A,� 2009b.� � Supply� Well� Data� Gaps� Update� Technical� Memorandum,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��October�5,�2009.�
JJ&A,�2009c.� �Extended�Water�Level�Survey�Technical�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
November�5,�2009.�
JJ&A,�2009d.� �Interim�Data�Deliverable�and�Data�Gap�Update,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��
December�9,�2009.�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
6�2�
��
JJ&A,� 2010a.� � Second� Interim� Data� Deliverable� and� Data� Gap� Update,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,� Hilmar,�
California.��February�12,�2010.�
JJ&A,� 2010b.� � Addendum� to� Second� Interim� Data� Deliverable� and� Data� Gap� Update,� Hilmar� Cheese�
Company,�Hilmar,�California.��April�15,�2010.�
JJ&A,� 2010c.� � Lower� Aquifer� Source� and� Extent� Evaluation� Work� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��May�14,�2010.�
JJ&A,�2010d.��Remedial�Investigation�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��June�18,�2010.�
JJ&A,� 2010e.� � Lower� Aquifer� Private� Well� Sampling� and� Analysis� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��June�23,�2010.�
JJ&A,� 2010f.� � Updated� Lower� Aquifer� Source� and� Extent� Evaluation� Work� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��July�6,�2010.�
JJ&A,� 2011a.� � Lower� Aquifer� Source� and� Extent� Evaluation� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��March�29,�2011.�
JJ&A,� 2011b.� � Lower� Aquifer� Evaluation� Update� and� Data� Gaps� Work� Plan,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��September�22,�2011.�
JJ&A,� 2012.� � Lower� Aquifer� Data� Gap� Investigation� Status� Report,� Hilmar� Cheese� Company,�
Hilmar,�California.��June�6,�2012.�
Landon,�M.K.,�and�Belitz,�Kenneth�(Landon,�Belitz),�2008.��Ground�Water�Quality�Data�in�the�Central�Eastside�
San� Joaquin� Basin� 2006:� Results� from� the� California� GAMA� Program:� U.S.� Geological� Survey�
Data�Series�325.��2008.�
Richter,� Bernd� and� Kreitler,� Charles,� 1991.� � Identification� of� Sources� of� Ground�Water� Salinization� Using�
Geochemical�Techniques.��EPA/600/2�91�064.��December,�1991.�
Turlock�Groundwater�Basin�Association�(TGBA),�2008.��Turlock�Groundwater�Basin,�Draft�Management�Plan.��
January�17,�2008.�
�
�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
�
��
TABLES
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
�
��
LIST�OF�TABLES�
Table�2�1� HCC�Treated�Wastewater�Analytical�Summary�
Table�3�1� Lower�Aquifer�Groundwater�Analytical�Results�Summary��
Table�3�2� Data�Qualifier�Definitions�
�
�
�
TABLE�2�1
HCC�TREATED�WASTWATER�ANALYTICAL�SUMMARY1
Hilmar�Cheese�CompanyHilmar,�California
Compound units 19912 19922 19932 19943 19953 19963 19974�7 19988 19998 20009 20019 20029 20039 200410 200511 200610 200711 200811 200912 201013 Average
Alkalinity,�bicarbonate�(as�CaCO3) mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 388 332 389 227 1231 1500 1448 1455 1172 743 888
Ammonia�as�Nitrogen mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 37 23 29 25 54 62 107 76 21 7 44
BOD mg/L 2450 1976 2033 5000 3092 2880 2663 2781 3337 �� 5334 3879 4289 4086 178 645 519 205 118 15 2394
Calcium mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 120 134 126 70 120 96 89 57 93 20 93
Chloride mg/L 376 306 305 294 230 170 211 164 240 282 486 197 241 320 388 288 290 300 389 276 288
COD mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 9360 6728 6518 6968 623 2086 1572 896 582 41 3537
EC umhos/cm 2712 2160 2078 2600 1933 1783 1801 1729 1879 2070 3916 2495 2768 2720 3420 3506 3561 3610 3324 2637 2635
Iron mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 1.0 2.5 2.6 1.1 16.8 11.6 3.3 2.4 3.7 0.3 4.5
Magnesium mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 25 19 15 14 12 15 14 17 71 8 21
Nitrate�nitrogen mg/L 13 14 36 179 169 160 95 21 30 18 82 101 94 40 1.3 4 1 3 14 13 54
pH standard�units 8 11 9 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 6.5 6.7 6.7 5.7 7.9 8.1 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.2 7.8
Phosphorus,�total mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 88 73 78 89 16 64 48 51 58 9 57
Potassium mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 253 164 223 358 188 169 165 179 164 106 197
Sodium mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 679 346 384 304 499 618 586 673 618 499 521
Solids,�total�dissolved mg/L �� �� �� 3567 2575 2867 2762 2754 3374 3009 6333 4596 4885 4836 2074 2248 2100 2217 2111 1527 3167
Sulfate mg/L �� �� �� 29 21 23 24 39 25 �� 51 30 22 25 78 32 39 39 55 37 36
Sulfide mg/L �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 0.29 0.18 0.13 0.13 9.36 4.2 2.7 2.05 0.74 0.05 1.98
TKN mg/L �� �� �� 61 67 68 89 96 142 135 189 119 136 146 93 207 218 121 54 7 115
1�Treated�wastewater�applied�to�primary�lands.�2�Nolte�and�Associates,�Inc.,�Report�of�Waste�Discharge,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California,�February�1994.3�Nolte�and�Associates,�Report�of�Waste�Discharge,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California,�August�1996.4�Nolte�and�Associates,Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�California,�June�1997.�5�Nolte�and�Associates,Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�California,�November�19976�Nolte�and�Associates,Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�California,�December�1997.7�Nolte�and�Associates,Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Report,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�California,�January�19998�Brown�and�Caldwell,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Report,�April�2000.�9�HCC,�Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Reports,�January���December,�200510�Brown�and�Caldwell,��Report�of�Waste�Discharge,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.��August�2004.11�Kennedy�Jenks,�Report�of�Waste�Discharge,�Hilmar�Cheese�Company,�Hilmar,�California.�June�2008.12�HCC,�Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Reports,�January���December�2009.
���=�No�data�available
Notes:
mg/L�=�milligrams�per�liter
umhos/cm�=�micromhos�per�centimeter
13�HCC,�Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Reports,�January���March�2010�and�Quarterly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Reports,�April���December�2010.
1�of�1
TABLE�3�1LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER�ANALYTICAL�RESULTS�SUMMARY
Hilmar�Cheese�CompanyHilmar,�California
Sample�Location Sample�Date Depth A
lkal
inity
,�Bic
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
0 3�(m
g/L)
Alk
alin
ity,�C
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�H
ydro
xide
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�T
otal
�as�
CaC0
3�(m
g/L)
Brom
ide�
(mg/
L)
Chlo
ride
�(mg/
L)
Cond
uctiv
ity�
(um
hos/
cm)
Dis
solv
ed�B
oron
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�C
alci
um�
(mg/
L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
agne
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�P
otas
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�S
odiu
m�
(mg/
L)
Iodi
de�(u
g/L)
Nitr
ate�
(as�
NO
3)�
(mg/
L)
Nitr
ate�
Nitr
ogen
�(m
g/L)
Solid
s,�to
tal�d
isso
lved
�(m
g/L)
Sulfa
te�(m
g/L)
Tota
l�Kje
ldah
l�N
itrog
en�(m
g/L)
DW�108 08/12/2010 NA 150 <3.0� <3.0� 150 �� 250 1100 <0.10� 26 0.31 �� 11 0.14 �� <2.0� 170 280 �� <0.44� 540 <4.0� <1.0�
DW�108 09/07/2010 NA 150 <3.0� <3.0� 150 �� 250 1000 <0.10� 24 0.24 �� 10 0.13 �� <2.0� 160 270 �� <0.44� 540 <4.0� <1.0�
DW�108 09/27/2010 NA 150 <3.0� <3.0� 150 �� 240 1000 �� 25 0.2 �� 10 0.14 �� <2.0� 150 �� �� <0.44� 530 <4.0� <1.0�
DW�108 10/19/2010 NA 150 <3.0� <3.0� 150 �� 220 980 �� 23 0.18 �� 9.8 0.13 �� <2.0� 150 �� �� <0.44� 520 <4.0� <1.0�
DW�108 12/14/2010 NA 130 <3.0� <3.0� 130 �� 240 1000 �� 24 0.34 �� 10 0.13 �� <2.0� 160 �� �� <0.44� 550 <4.0� <1.0�
DW�38C 05/19/2008 NA 190 <1.0� <1.0� 190 �� 30 550 0.11 23 <0.050� �� 12 0.22 �� <2.0� 83 �� �� 6.3 370 22 <1.0�
DW�38C 08/12/2010 NA 210 6.4 <3.0� 210 �� 41 600 <0.10� 27 <0.050� �� 13 0.36 �� <2.0� 81 83 �� 3.7 360 21 <1.0�
DW�38C 09/07/2010 NA 220 <3.0� <3.0� 220 �� 58 660 <0.10� 29 <0.050� �� 14 0.33 �� <2.0� 80 100 �� 3.1 380 26 <1.0�
DW�38D 05/19/2008 NA 170 <1.0� <1.0� 170 �� 25 490 0.11 16 <0.050� �� 9.5 0.31 �� <2.0� 81 �� �� 2.9 320 24 <1.0�
DW�38D 08/12/2010 NA 200 <3.0� <3.0� 200 �� 25 520 <0.10� 21 <0.050� �� 11 0.31 �� <2.0� 73 40 �� 3.3 320 23 <1.0�
DW�38D 09/07/2010 NA 200 <3.0� <3.0� 200 �� 27 520 <0.10� 20 <0.050� �� 11 0.45 �� <2.0� 72 50 �� 3.8 340 25 <1.0�
DW�53 05/06/1991 NA 220 �� �� �� �� 45 680 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 15 430 37 ��
DW�53 05/25/2005 NA 140 <1� <1� 140 �� 15 590 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 27 410 38 <1�
DW�53 05/20/2008 NA 410 <1.0� <1.0� 410 �� 140 1400 0.2 150 <0.050� �� 50 <0.010� �� 4.6 84 �� �� 21 870 49 <1.0�UJ�
DW�53 07/29/2009 NA 460 <1.0� <1.0� 460 �� 140 1400 �� 140 <0.050� �� 48 0.014 �� 4 88 �� �� 20 920 55 <1.0�
DW�53 12/13/2010 NA 410 <3.0� <3.0� 410 �� 160 �� �� 150 <0.050� �� 52 0.12 �� 6 100 �� �� 26 910 56 <1.0�UJ
DW�53 07/25/2011 NA 386 <5.0� �� 386 �� 135 �� �� 138 <0.20� �� 46.7 <0.015� �� <10� 72.7 �� �� 26.4 872 63.5 <0.20�
DW�54 05/17/2005 NA 100 <1� <1� 100 �� 30 280 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� <0.2� 170 <1� <1�
DW�54 05/14/2008 NA 93 <1.0� <1.0� 93 �� 33 290 <0.10� 5.3 0.052 �� 2.1 0.033 �� <2.0� 53 �� �� <0.20� 160 <2.0� <1.0�
DW�54 08/12/2010 NA 100 <3.0� <3.0� 110 �� 36 310 <0.10� 6.1 0.062 �� 2.4 0.04 �� <2.0� 56 57 �� <0.22� 180 <2.0� <1.0�
DW�54 09/07/2010 NA 110 <3.0� <3.0� 110 �� 39 290 <0.10� 5.6 0.054 �� 2.2 0.037 �� <2.0� 53 61 �� <0.22� 190 <2.0� <1.0�
DW�67 06/24/2004 NA 390 �� �� �� �� 91 1000 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 12 730 19 ��
DW�68 05/06/2005 NA 95 <1� <1� 95 �� 32 270 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� <0.2� 170 <1� <1�
DW�68 09/07/2010 NA 200 <3.0� <3.0� 200 �� 11 570 <0.10� 51 <0.050� �� 18 <0.010� �� 3.1 35 34 �� 17 400 24 <1.0�
DW�68 09/27/2010 NA 210 <3.0� <3.0� 210 �� 11 570 �� 53 <0.050� �� 19 <0.010� �� 3.3 36 �� �� 16 390 24 <1.0�
DW�68 10/19/2010 NA 210 <3.0� <3.0� 210 �� 11 570 �� 52 <0.050� �� 18 <0.010� �� 3.2 35 �� �� 17 400 24 <1.0�
DW�68 12/14/2010 NA 190 <3.0� <3.0� 190 �� 11 570 �� 55 <0.050� �� 19 <0.010� �� 3.2 38 �� �� 15 410 26 <1.0�
DW�73 08/12/2010 NA 130 5.7 <3.0� 130 �� 88 530 <0.10� 13 0.14 �� 5 0.084 �� <2.0� 86 110 �� <0.22� 270 <2.0� <1.0�
DW�73 09/07/2010 NA 130 <3.0� <3.0� 130 �� 91 520 <0.10� 13 0.2 �� 4.9 0.084 �� <2.0� 84 120 �� 0.24 290 <2.0� <1.0�
DW�73 09/27/2010 NA 130 <3.0� <3.0� 130 �� 67 590 �� 29 0.11 �� 10 0.064 �� <2.0� 69 �� �� 15 370 15 <1.0�
DW�73 10/19/2010 NA 140 <3.0� <3.0� 140 �� 88 530 �� 13 0.18 �� 5.2 0.086 �� <2.0� 84 �� �� <0.22� 290 <2.0� <1.0�
DW�73 12/14/2010 NA 120 <3.0� <3.0� 120 �� 93 540 �� 14 0.31 �� 5.4 0.094 �� <2.0� 89 �� �� <0.22� 310 <2.0� <1.0�
HP�01 03/11/2008 173 170 3.2 <1.0� 170 �� 94 �� �� 19 <0.050� �� 7 0.071 �� 3.7 99 �� �� <0.40� 360 4.5 1.6
HP�01 03/12/2008 248 110 <1.0� <1.0� 110 �� 88 �� �� 10 <0.050� �� 3.6 0.045 �� 3.6 81 �� �� 0.27 290 14 3.2
Page�1�of�5
TABLE�3�1LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER�ANALYTICAL�RESULTS�SUMMARY
Hilmar�Cheese�CompanyHilmar,�California
Sample�Location Sample�Date Depth A
lkal
inity
,�Bic
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
0 3�(m
g/L)
Alk
alin
ity,�C
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�H
ydro
xide
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�T
otal
�as�
CaC0
3�(m
g/L)
Brom
ide�
(mg/
L)
Chlo
ride
�(mg/
L)
Cond
uctiv
ity�
(um
hos/
cm)
Dis
solv
ed�B
oron
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�C
alci
um�
(mg/
L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
agne
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�P
otas
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�S
odiu
m�
(mg/
L)
Iodi
de�(u
g/L)
Nitr
ate�
(as�
NO
3)�
(mg/
L)
Nitr
ate�
Nitr
ogen
�(m
g/L)
Solid
s,�to
tal�d
isso
lved
�(m
g/L)
Sulfa
te�(m
g/L)
Tota
l�Kje
ldah
l�N
itrog
en�(m
g/L)
HP�02 02/22/2008 188 140 <1.0� <1.0� 140 �� 260 �� �� 32 <0.050� �� 14 0.11 �� 7.8 170 �� �� <0.40� 610 <4.0� <1.0�
HP�02 02/22/2008 233 170 8.7 <1.0� 180 �� 140 �� �� 21 <0.050� �� 8.8 0.1 �� 5.6 140 �� �� �� 460 26 <1.0�
HP�03 03/06/2008 190 120 <1.0� <1.0� 120 �� 460 �� �� 60 <0.050� �� 22 0.12 �� 5.2 250 �� �� <1.0� 1000 <10� <5.0�
HP�03 03/07/2008 230 110 <1.0� <1.0� 110 �� 210 �� �� 21 <0.050� �� 8.6 0.068 �� 3.4 150 �� �� 0.47 520 20 5.3
HP�04 03/24/2008 198 130 7 <1.0� 140 �� 380 �� �� 52 <0.050� �� 16 0.11 �� 6.6 240 �� �� <0.60� 830 25 1.2
HP�05 03/14/2008 228 150 <1.0� <1.0� 150 �� 530 �� �� 81 0.064 �� 30 0.5 �� 9.1 270 �� �� <1.0� 1200 <10� <1.0�
HP�06 03/04/2008 200 150 <1.0� <1.0� 150 �� 390 �� �� 57 0.081 �� 18 0.25 �� 6.6 220 �� �� <0.60� 840 <6.0� 1.8
HP�06 03/04/2008 239 140 8.4 <1.0� 150 �� 220 �� �� 23 <0.050� �� 10 0.15 �� 3.4 160 �� �� <0.40� 520 6.3 2.1
HP�07 03/18/2008 198 140 6.9 <1.0� 150 �� 220 �� �� 36 <0.050� �� 9.7 0.092 �� 5.2 190 �� �� <0.40� 680 63 1.2
HP�07 03/19/2008 236 52 28 <1.0� 80 �� 250 �� �� 26 <0.050� �� 6.9 <0.010� �� 6.9 220 �� �� <0.60� 710 130 <1.0�
IN�03 05/17/2005 NA 230 <1� <1� 230 �� 24 780 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� 27 550 33 <1�
IN�03 08/12/2010 NA 320 11 <3.0� 330 �� 40 940 <0.10� 88 <0.050� �� 29 <0.010� �� 4.6 66 58 �� 22 590 36 <1.0�
IN�03 09/07/2010 NA 140 <3.0� <3.0� 140 �� 64 480 <0.10� 20 <0.050� �� 7.4 0.076 �� 2.5 64 98 �� 2.1 290 4.6 <1.0�
IN�03 12/14/2010 NA 300 <3.0� <3.0� 300 �� 39 930 �� 90 <0.050� �� 29 <0.010� �� 4.4 64 �� �� 24 630 41 <1.0�
IN�05 05/19/2005 NA 120 <1� <1� 120 �� 70 440 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� <0.2� 250 <1� <1�
IN�07 05/05/2005 NA 160 <1� <1� 160 �� 240 1000 �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� <0.2� 620 <1� <1�
IN�07 05/20/2008 NA 150 <1.0� <1.0� 150 �� 300 1200 0.16 55 <0.050� �� 21 0.12 �� 5.8 170 �� �� <0.60� 760 <6.0� <1.0�UJ�
IN�07 08/12/2010 NA 170 <3.0� <3.0� 170 �� 320 1300 <0.10� 57 <0.050� �� 20 0.17 �� 5.4 160 390 �� <0.44� 780 <4.0� <1.0�
IN�07 09/07/2010 NA 170 <3.0� <3.0� 170 �� 320 1300 0.1 54 <0.050� �� 19 0.17 �� 5.1 160 410 �� <0.66� 740 <6.0� <1.0�
MW�23 03/13/2008 NA <3.0� 220 52 380 �� 250 2200 <0.10� 2.7 <0.050� �� 0.83 �� �� 150 260 �� �� <2.0� 960 22 <1.0�
MW�23 08/04/2008 NA <10� 210 230 440 �� 150 2310 <0.10�Jo 5 <0.050� �� 0.3 <0.010� �� 140 250 �� �� �� 970 7.5 0.55
MW�23 09/08/2008 NA 150 <2.5� <2.5� 150 �� 280 1190 <0.10�Jo 30 <0.050� �� 13 0.2 �� 8.9 190 �� �� �� 680 1.6 <0.20�Jo
MW�23 10/09/2008 NA 150 <2.5� <2.5� 150 �� 280 1190 <0.10�Jo 27 <0.050�Jo �� 12 0.19 �� 7.7 170 �� �� �� 680 1.9 <0.20�Jo
MW�23 11/04/2008 NA 150 <2.5� <2.5� 150 �� 280 1160 <0.10�Jo 31 <0.050�Jo �� 14 0.23 �� 7.2 180 �� �� �� 620 1.3 <0.20�Jo
MW�23 12/03/2008 NA 160 <5.0� <5.0� 160 �� 290 1160 <0.10�Jo 30 <0.050� �� 13 0.2 �� 7.2 180 �� �� �� 670 2.1 <0.20�
MW�23 01/13/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 280 1140 <0.10�Jo 31 <0.050�Jo �� 14 0.23 �� 6 180 �� �� �� 640 2 <0.20�
MW�23 02/04/2009 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 280 1120 <0.10�Jo 32 <0.050� �� 14 0.21 �� 5.3 190 �� �� �� 620 1.8 <0.20�
MW�23 03/04/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 290 1150 <0.10�Jo 31 <0.050�Jo �� 14 0.19 �� 4.8 170 �� �� �� 640 1.9 <0.20�
MW�23 04/14/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 270 1100 <0.10�Jo 33 <0.050� �� 15 0.23 �� 6 190 �� �� �� 640 1.4 <0.20�
MW�23 05/04/2009 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 270 1130 <0.10�Jo 31 <0.050� �� 14 0.19 �� 4.7 180 �� �� �� 680 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 06/09/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 300 1090 <0.1�Jo 32 <0.05� �� 14 0.2 �� 3.9 170 �� �� �� 650 1.4 <0.2�
MW�23 07/14/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 290 1130 <0.10�Jo 33 <0.050�Jo �� 15 0.21 �� 4.4 180 �� �� �� 680 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 08/04/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 290 1130 <0.1�Jo 33 <0.05� �� 15 0.2 �� 3.6 170 �� �� �� 640 <1�Jo <0.2�
MW�23 09/08/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 290 1130 <0.10�Jo 32 <0.050� �� 15 0.19 �� 4 170 �� �� �� 630 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 10/07/2009 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 290 1110 <0.10�Jo 33 <0.050� �� 15 0.22 �� 3.5 170 �� �� �� 660 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
Page�2�of�5
TABLE�3�1LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER�ANALYTICAL�RESULTS�SUMMARY
Hilmar�Cheese�CompanyHilmar,�California
Sample�Location Sample�Date Depth A
lkal
inity
,�Bic
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
0 3�(m
g/L)
Alk
alin
ity,�C
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�H
ydro
xide
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�T
otal
�as�
CaC0
3�(m
g/L)
Brom
ide�
(mg/
L)
Chlo
ride
�(mg/
L)
Cond
uctiv
ity�
(um
hos/
cm)
Dis
solv
ed�B
oron
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�C
alci
um�
(mg/
L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
agne
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�P
otas
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�S
odiu
m�
(mg/
L)
Iodi
de�(u
g/L)
Nitr
ate�
(as�
NO
3)�
(mg/
L)
Nitr
ate�
Nitr
ogen
�(m
g/L)
Solid
s,�to
tal�d
isso
lved
�(m
g/L)
Sulfa
te�(m
g/L)
Tota
l�Kje
ldah
l�N
itrog
en�(m
g/L)
MW�23 11/10/2009 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 280 1140 <0.10�Jo 32 <0.050�Jo �� 15 0.21 �� 4.2 170 �� �� �� 640 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 12/08/2009 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 290 1100 <0.10�Jo 31 <0.050� �� 14 0.21 �� 3.8 170 �� �� �� 660 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 01/05/2010 NA 140 <4.1� <4.1� 140 �� 280 1140 <0.10�Jo 31 <0.050� �� 14 0.2 �� 4 170 �� �� �� 660 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 02/10/2010 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 18 �� 280 1160 <0.10�Jo 32 <0.050�Jo �� 15 0.2 �� 4 170 �� �� �� 700 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 03/08/2010 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 280 1130 <0.10�Jo 32 <0.050�Jo �� 15 0.22 �� 4 170 �� �� �� 660 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 04/15/2010 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 300 1130 �� 33 �� 220 15 �� 200 3.9 180 �� �� �� 680 <1.0� <0.20�
MW�23 07/08/2010 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 290 1170 �� 30 �� <50�Jo 14 �� 190 3.6 170 �� �� �� 640 <1.0�Jo <1.0�
MW�23 10/28/2010 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 300 1150 �� 34 �� <50�Jo 16 �� 230 3.8 190 �� �� �� 710 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 01/19/2011 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 280 1130 �� 30 �� <50� 14 �� 190 3.6 160 �� �� �� 740 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 04/04/2011 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 270 1150 �� 33 �� <50�Jo 16 �� 210 4 180 �� �� �� 640 <1.0�Jo <0.40�
MW�23 07/07/2011 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 280 1140 �� 32 �� <50� 15 �� 240 3.4 180 �� �� <0.10� 620 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 10/04/2011 NA 160 <8.2� �� 160 �� 290 1160 �� 33 �� <50� 15 �� 210 3.4 170 �� �� <0.10� 660 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 01/18/2012 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 280 1180 �� 33 �� <50�Jo 15 �� 210 3.5 190 �� �� <0.10� 680 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�23 04/04/2012 NA 140 <8.2� �� 140 �� 280 1110 �� 32 �� <50�Jo 14 �� 200 3.2 160 �� �� <0.10� 680 <1.0�Jo <0.20�
MW�26 01/06/2010 NA 140 �� �� 140 �� 510 1760 �� 58 <0.050� �� 25 0.47 �� 4.1 280 �� �� 0.11 1100 59 <0.20�
MW�26 04/15/2010 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 380 1430 �� 38 0.1 �� 16 0.5 �� 3.5 250 �� �� <0.10� 940 20 <0.20�
MW�26 08/12/2010 NA 150 <8.2� <8.2� 150 �� 390 1420 0.11 40 <0.050� �� 17 0.49 �� 3.4 230 380 �� <0.10� 830 5.5 <0.20�
MW�26 10/28/2010 NA 160 <8.2� �� 160 �� 370 1400 �� 38 <0.050� �� 16 0.46 �� 2.9 220 �� �� <0.10� 850 5.9 <0.20�
MW�26 05/18/2011 NA 148 �� �� 148 1.5 342 1630 �� 52.5 0.261 �� 21.7 0.662 �� <10� 230 460 �� <0.10� 832 2.5 <0.20�
MW�26 07/07/2011 NA 146�U �� �� 146�U 1.5 377 1610 �� 46.7 0.242 �� 19.5 0.614 �� <10� 210 390 �� <0.10� 901 2.3�U <0.20�
MW�26 10/05/2011 NA 188 <5.0� �� 188 0.94 243 1190 �� 37.7 <0.20� �� 14.9 0.499 �� <10� 192 250 �� 0.42�U 652 9.7 <0.20�
MW�26 01/05/2012 NA 173 <5.0� �� 173 1.1 300 1280 �� 41.7 <0.20� �� 16.7 0.603 �� <10� 183 330 <0.45� <0.1� 671 9.4�U <0.20�
MW�26 04/04/2012 NA 160 <5.0� �� 160 1.2 313 1490 �� 52.4 0.232 �� 19.8 0.745 �� <10� 235 430 �� <0.50� 811 5 0.49
MW�27 01/06/2010 NA 130 �� �� 130 �� 570 1810 �� 66 <0.050� �� 24 0.37 �� 5.2 260 �� �� <0.10� 1100 2.6 <0.20�
MW�27 04/15/2010 NA 130 <8.2� <8.2� 130 �� 590 1810 �� 70 0.13 �� 25 0.41 �� 5.5 280 �� �� <0.10� 1200 2.7 <0.20�
MW�27 08/12/2010 NA 130 <8.2� <8.2� 130 �� 570 1870 0.11 69 <0.050� �� 25 0.56 �� 5.4 230 550 �� <0.10� 1300�J� 3.6 <0.20�
MW�27 10/28/2010 NA 130 <8.2� �� 130 �� 550 1900 �� 67 <0.050� �� 24 0.53 �� 4.8 290 �� �� <0.10� 1300 1.7 <0.20�
MW�27 05/18/2011 NA 134 �� �� 134 2 474 2010 �� 67.8 0.366 �� 23.5 0.579 �� <10� 248 600 �� <0.10� 1080 1 <0.20�
MW�27 07/07/2011 NA 138�U �� �� 138�U 2 510 1950 �� 65.9 0.367 �� 23.1 0.611 �� <10� 242 500 �� <0.10� 1180 0.82�U <0.20�
MW�27 10/05/2011 NA 136 <5.0� �� 136 2 466 1890 �� 69.1 0.346 �� 24 0.634 �� <10� 260 540 �� <0.10� 1110 1.8 0.26
MW�27 01/04/2012 NA 131 <5.0� �� 131 2.1 540 1900 �� 68.5 0.381 �� 24 0.644 �� <10� 254 580 <0.45�UJ <0.1�UJ 1080 2.4�U <0.20�
MW�27 04/04/2012 NA 136 <5.0� �� 136 <2.0� 491 1830 �� 74.2 0.357 �� 24.6 0.63 �� <10� 276 560 �� <1.0� 1110 <5.0� 0.46
MW�28 01/07/2010 NA 140 �� �� 140 �� 500 1700 �� 70�J� <0.050�UJ� �� 18�J� 0.21�J� �� 5.7�J� 260�J� �� �� 0.21 1100 8.1 <0.20�
MW�28 04/15/2010 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 510 1670 �� 70 <0.050� �� 17 0.33 �� 5.7 250 �� �� <0.10� 1100 4.4 <0.20�
MW�28 08/12/2010 NA 140 <8.2� <8.2� 140 �� 510 1700 0.11 68 <0.050� �� 17 0.41 �� 6.3 240 510 �� <0.10� 1100 2.4 <0.20�
Page�3�of�5
TABLE�3�1LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER�ANALYTICAL�RESULTS�SUMMARY
Hilmar�Cheese�CompanyHilmar,�California
Sample�Location Sample�Date Depth A
lkal
inity
,�Bic
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
0 3�(m
g/L)
Alk
alin
ity,�C
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�H
ydro
xide
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�T
otal
�as�
CaC0
3�(m
g/L)
Brom
ide�
(mg/
L)
Chlo
ride
�(mg/
L)
Cond
uctiv
ity�
(um
hos/
cm)
Dis
solv
ed�B
oron
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�C
alci
um�
(mg/
L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
agne
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�P
otas
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�S
odiu
m�
(mg/
L)
Iodi
de�(u
g/L)
Nitr
ate�
(as�
NO
3)�
(mg/
L)
Nitr
ate�
Nitr
ogen
�(m
g/L)
Solid
s,�to
tal�d
isso
lved
�(m
g/L)
Sulfa
te�(m
g/L)
Tota
l�Kje
ldah
l�N
itrog
en�(m
g/L)
MW�28 11/08/2010 NA 150 <8.2� �� 150 �� 500 1730 �� 68 <0.050� �� 17 0.58 �� 5.7 260 �� �� <0.10� 1100 1 <0.20�
MW�28 05/17/2011 NA 134 �� �� 134 1.7 392 1800 �� 55 <0.20� �� 16.1 0.799 �� 15.2 222 530 �� <0.10� 924 3.6 <0.20�
MW�28 07/07/2011 NA 88.0�U �� �� 88.0�U 1.7 492 1780 �� 68.1 0.355 �� 17 0.83 �� <10� 218 430 �� <0.10� 1040 0.65�U <0.20�
MW�28 10/05/2011 NA 143 <5.0� �� 143 1.9 412 1670 �� 70.3 0.367 �� 17.4 0.908 �� <10� 244 440 �� 0.20�U 1020 1.1 <0.20�
MW�28 01/04/2012 NA 154 <5.0� �� 154 1.9 460�J 1700 �� 72.2 0.416 �� 17.9 0.865 �� <10� 230 490 <0.45� <0.1� 987 1.7�U <0.20�
MW�28 04/04/2012 NA 142 <5.0� �� 142 <2.0� 456 1710 �� 78.8 0.449 �� 18.1 0.923 �� <10� 258 570 �� <1.0� 1020 <5.0� 0.35
MW�38 10/28/2010 303 240 <3.0� <3.0� 240 �� 550 2300 �� 84 <0.050� �� 38 1.8 �� 6 280 �� �� <1.1� 1200 12 2.6
MW�38 10/28/2010 350 190 <3.0� <3.0� 190 �� 630 2300 �� 83 0.41 �� 23 0.39 �� 12 340 �� �� <2.2�R 1300 42 12
MW�38 12/14/2010 NA 190 <3.0� <3.0� 190 �� 530 2000 �� 68 3.7 �� 34 1.2 �� 3.2 260 �� �� <1.1� 1100 <10� <1.0�
MW�38 01/26/2011 NA 190 <3.0� <3.0� 190 2.1 520 2000 0.12 71 3.8 �� 36 1.3 �� 3.6 270 570 �� <1.1� 1100 <10� <1.0�
MW�38 05/17/2011 NA 196 �� �� 196 2.7 660 2700 �� 129 0.389 �� 34.1 0.551 �� <10� 290 870 �� <0.10� 1470 <0.50� <0.20�
MW�38 07/07/2011 NA 212�U �� �� 212�U 2.1 564 2040 �� 96.3 0.524 �� 27.8 0.524 �� <10� 272 570 �� <0.10� 1210 <0.50� <0.20�
MW�38 10/05/2011 NA 208 <5.0� �� 208 1.9 442 1980 �� 77.4 2.35 �� 33.8 1.01 �� <10� 262 490 �� <0.10� 1140 <0.50� <0.20�
MW�38 01/04/2012 NA 204 <5.0� �� 204 2.1 530�J 1970 �� 80.4 3.54 �� 37.4 1.19 �� <10� 258 590 <0.45� <0.1� 1150 1.2�U <0.20�
MW�38 04/04/2012 NA 202 <5.0� �� 202 <2.0� 502 1970 �� 73.2 3.41 �� 34.4 1.15 �� <10� 243 580 �� <1.0� 1140 <5.0� 0.51
MW�40 11/04/2010 260 120 <3.0� <3.0� 120 �� 400 1600 �� 44 <0.050� �� 13 0.025 �� 15 250 �� �� <0.66� 980 43 7.2
MW�40 11/05/2010 305 200 <3.0� <3.0� 200 �� 510 2000 �� 81 <0.050� �� 28 0.25 �� 9.9 270 �� �� <1.1� 1100 <10� 2.9
MW�40 12/14/2010 NA 190 <3.0� <3.0� 190 �� 370 1600 �� 56 1.1 �� 18 0.76 �� 3.8 210 �� �� <1.1� 850 <10� <1.0�
MW�40 01/26/2011 NA 190 <3.0� <3.0� 190 1.6 360 1600 0.13 59 1.1 �� 19 0.8 �� 3.9 220 400 �� <1.1� 850 <10� <1.0�
MW�40 05/17/2011 NA 204 �� �� 204 1.7 402 1890 �� 73 0.375 �� 23.1 0.611 �� <10� 227 540 �� <0.10� 979 1.1 <0.20�
MW�40 07/07/2011 NA 206�U �� �� 206�U 1.8 477 1980 �� 79 0.366 �� 25 0.68 �� <10� 236 480 �� <0.10� 1100 1.3�U <0.20�
MW�40 10/05/2011 NA 204 <5.0� �� 204 1.6 366 1740 �� 71.6 0.347 �� 21.9 0.575 �� <10� 244 430 �� <0.10� 1010 1.4 <0.20�
MW�40 01/04/2012 NA 196 <5.0� �� 196 1.5 390�J 1560 �� 67.5 0.492 �� 20.9 0.639 �� <10� 214 440 <0.45� <0.1� 876 1�U <0.20�
MW�40 04/04/2012 NA 210 <5.0� �� 210 <2.0� 435 1890 �� 90 0.594 �� 25.4 0.71 �� <10� 278 560 �� <1.0� 1070 <5.0� 0.39
SB�03 10/30/2009 196.25 160 <1.0� <1.0� 160 �� 370 1500 �� 43 <0.050� �� 18 0.21 �� 6.3 220 �� �� <0.60� 820 11 2.8
SB�03 10/30/2009 229.5 150 5.2 <1.0� 150 �� 380 1500 �� 41 0.13 �� 19 0.41 �� 3.8 210 �� �� <0.60�J� 820 6.6 <1.0�
SB�05 11/04/2009 174.5 320 <1.0� <1.0� 320 �� 51 1200 �� 100 0.16 �� 35 0.21 �� 13 72 �� �� 45 700 44 3.9
SB�05 11/06/2009 182.75 310 <1.0� <1.0� 310 �� 54 1200 �� 110 0.16 �� 36 0.17 �� 14 68 �� �� 45 750 46 1.5
SB�06 11/11/2009 190.5 120 <1.0� <1.0� 120 �� 540 1800 �� 70 <0.050� �� 28 0.25 �� 5.2 280 �� �� <1.0� 1000 <10� <1.0�
SB�06 11/12/2009 233 150 <1.0� <1.0� 150 �� 270 1100 �� 28 <0.050� �� 13 0.098 �� 3.1 190 �� �� <0.40� 580 <4.0� <1.0�
SB�07 11/19/2009 189.5 130 <1.0� <1.0� 130 �� 650 2000 �� 69 0.38 �� 24 0.34 �� 5 260 �� �� 0.36 1200 <2.0� <1.0�
SB�08 11/24/2009 195.75 150 <1.0� <1.0� 150 �� 470 1800 �� 72 <0.050� �� 17 0.24 �� 6.4 250 �� �� <1.0� 1000 <10� <1.0�
SB�08 11/25/2009 230.5 160 <1.0� <1.0� 160 �� 520 2000 �� 74 <0.050� �� 27 0.51 �� 7.2 260 �� �� <1.0� 1000 <10� <1.0�
SB�09 12/07/2009 198 150 <1.0� <1.0� 150 �� 660 2000 �� 84 <0.050� �� 20 0.33 �� 9.2 290 �� �� <1.0� 1100 <10� <1.0�
Page�4�of�5
TABLE�3�1LOWER�AQUIFER�GROUNDWATER�ANALYTICAL�RESULTS�SUMMARY
Hilmar�Cheese�CompanyHilmar,�California
Sample�Location Sample�Date Depth A
lkal
inity
,�Bic
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
0 3�(m
g/L)
Alk
alin
ity,�C
arbo
nate
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�H
ydro
xide
�as
�CaC
O3�(
mg/
L)
Alk
alin
ity,�T
otal
�as�
CaC0
3�(m
g/L)
Brom
ide�
(mg/
L)
Chlo
ride
�(mg/
L)
Cond
uctiv
ity�
(um
hos/
cm)
Dis
solv
ed�B
oron
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�C
alci
um�
(mg/
L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�Ir
on�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
agne
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�M
anga
nese
�(u
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�P
otas
sium
�(m
g/L)
Dis
solv
ed�S
odiu
m�
(mg/
L)
Iodi
de�(u
g/L)
Nitr
ate�
(as�
NO
3)�
(mg/
L)
Nitr
ate�
Nitr
ogen
�(m
g/L)
Solid
s,�to
tal�d
isso
lved
�(m
g/L)
Sulfa
te�(m
g/L)
Tota
l�Kje
ldah
l�N
itrog
en�(m
g/L)
SB�10 01/26/2012 174.5 174 <5.0� �� 174 1.1 327 �� 0.105 39.6 �� �� 14.2 0.827 �� <10� 193 390 �� <0.10� 732 26.4 ��
SB�10 01/27/2012 216.5 531 <5.0� �� 531 0.32 170 �� 0.124 120 �� �� 45.6 0.834 �� <10� 152 110 �� <0.10� 432 37.6 ��
SB�12 02/01/2012 183 191 <5.0� �� 191 <1.0� 140 �� <0.10� 16 �� �� 7.29 0.218 �� <10� 126 160 �� <0.50� 375 <2.5� ��
SB�12 02/01/2012 230.5 586 <5.0� �� 586 0.24 108 �� <0.10� 23 �� �� 9.36 0.104 �� <10� 135 69 �� <0.10� 555 22.2 ��
Notes:
ft�bgs�=�feet�below�ground�surface
mg/L�=�milligrams�per�liter
NA�=�not�applicable
ug/L�=�micrograms�per�liter
umhos/cm�=�micromhos�per�centimeter
���=�not�analyzedDetections�are�bolded.
See�Table�3�2�for�data�qualifier�definitions.
Page�5�of�5
Page�1�of�1
TABLE�3�2�DATA�QUALIFIER�DEFINITIONS�
Hilmar�Cheese�Company�Hilmar,�California�
��U� The� analyte� was� detected� above� the� laboratory� reported� sample� quantitation� limit.��
However,� due� to� contamination� from� an� outside� source� such� as� laboratory� or� field�equipment,� the� analyte� should� be� considered� not� detected� at� or� above� the� adjusted�sample�quantitation�limit.��
J� The� analyte� was� positively� identified� but� the� associated� numerical� value� may� not�represent�the�actual�concentration�of�the�analyte�in�the�sample�due�to�analytical�bias�in�precision� or� accuracy,� or� because� the� resulting� concentration� has� been� reported� at� a�confidence�level�less�than�99%.�
Jo� A�subset�of�the�“J”�flag�described�above.� �The�analyte�was�positively�identified�but�the�associated� estimated� numerical� value� reported� by� the� laboratory� was� less� than� the�sample�specific� reporting� limit� for� this� analyte.� � Consequently,� there� is� a� lower�confidence�in�the�accuracy�in�the�result.�
UJ� The�analyte�was�not�detected�above�the�reported�sample�quantitation�limit.��However,�the�reported�quantitation�limit�is�approximate�and�may�or�may�not�represent�the�actual�limit� of� quantitation� necessary� to� accurately� and� precisely� measure� the� analyte� in� the�sample.�
R� The�sample�results�are�rejected�due�to�serious�deficiencies�in�the�ability�to�analyze�the�sample� and� meet� quality� control� criteria.� � The� presence� or� absence� of� the� analyte�cannot�be�verified.�
+� The�result�is�biased�high.�
�� The�result�is�biased�low.�
ft�bgs� feet�below�ground�surface�
mg/L� milligrams�per�liter�
NA� not�analyzed�or�not�applicable�
ug/L� micrograms�per�liter�
umhos/cm� micromhos�per�centimeter�
�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
�
��
FIGURES
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
�
��
LIST�OF�FIGURES�
Figure�1�1� Site�Location�Map�
Figure�2�1� Site�Plan�
Figure�2�2� Regional�Land�Use�
Figure�2�3� Site�and�Vicinity�Land�Use�
Figure�2�4� Wastewater�and�Former�Primary�Land�Use�Timeline�
Figure�2�5� Physiographic�Setting�
Figure�2�6� Map�of�Geologic�Units�and�Corcoran�Clay�Extent�
Figure�2�7� San�Joaquin�Valley�Groundwater�Basin�
Figure�2�8� Regional�Well�Locations�
Figure�2�9� Supply�Well�Locations�
Figure�4�1a� Cross�Section�A�A’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�1b� Cross�Section�B�B’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�1c� Cross�Section�C�C’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�1d� Cross�Section�D�D’,�Vertical�Extent�of�Chloride�
Figure�4�2� B�Aquitard�Isopach�
Figure�4�3a� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(January�2010)�
Figure�4�3b� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(January�2011)�
Figure�4�3c� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(January�2012)�
Figure�4�4a� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(April�2010)�
Figure�4�4b� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(July�2011)�
Figure�4�4c� Lower�Aquifer�Potentiometric�Surface�Map�(April�2012)�
Figure�4�5a� Upper�Aquifer�Vertical�Gradient�Charts�
Figure�4�5b� Upper�to�Lower�Aquifer�Vertical�Gradient�Charts�
Figure�4�5c� Lower�Aquifer�Vertical�Gradient�Chart�
LOWER AQUIFER REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION SUMMARY REPORT Hilmar Cheese Company – August 20, 2012
�
��
LIST�OF�FIGURES�
Figure�4�6� Lower�Aquifer�Age�Dating�Monitoring�Well�Locations�
Figure�4�7� Lower�Aquifer�Tri�Linear�Diagram�
Figure�4�8� Stiff�Diagrams�Upper�and�Lower�Aquifers�(2010�Averaged�Data)�
Figure�4�9a� Iodide�vs.�Chloride�
Figure�4�9b� Iodide�vs.�Sodium�
Figure�4�10a� Lower�Aquifer�Iodide�and�Chloride�Concentrations�
Figure�4�10b� Upper�Aquifer�Iodide�and�Chloride�Concentrations�
Figure�4�11� Estimated�Area�of�Elevated�Regional�TDS�Levels�
Figure�4�12� Total�Dissolved�Solids�in�Groundwater�Samples�(Lower�Aquifer)��
Figure�4�13� Chloride�in�Groundwater�Samples�(Lower�Aquifer)�
Figure�4�14� Sodium�in�Groundwater�Samples�(Lower�Aquifer)�
Figure�4�15� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�23�
Figure�4�16� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�26�
Figure�4�17� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�27�
Figure�4�18� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�28�
Figure�4�29� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�38�
Figure�4�20� Analytical�and�Groundwater�Elevation�Data�for�MW�40�
Figure�4�21� IN�1�Vicinity�Grab�Groundwater�Data�
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MW-26MW-25
MW-24
MW-23MW-22
MW-21
MW-20
MW-19
MW-18
MW-16 MW-15
MW-14
MW-13
MW-12
MW-11
MW-10
MW-09
MW-08
MW-07
MW-05MW-04
MW-03MW-02
MW-01
AW-04AW-03
AW-02
AW-01
PZ-02
MW-17
MW-06
SB-09
SB-08
SB-07
SB-06
SB-05
SB-04
SB-03
SB-01
HP-07
HP-06
HP-05 HP-04HP-03
HP-01
AB-10
AB-09AB-08AB-07
AB-06
AB-05
AB-04
AB-03
AB-02
AB-01
CPT-11
CPT-10
CPT-06
CPT-05
CPT-03
CPT-02
CPT-01
AB-05a
BG-WEST
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Check 05
Check 01
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CPT-04-NA
CPT-01-NA
CPT-03-NA
CPT-02-NA
CPT-05-NA
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HP-02CPT-09
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S-4
S-2
S-24
S-40
S-20
S-21
S-22
S-34
S-26
S-13
S-2
S-41
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£0 1,000
SCALE IN FEET
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATIONFIGURE 2-1
SITE PLAN07/31/12 SMRAL
LEGEND
CURRENT SECONDARY LAND AREA
NOTE: CPT1-NA THROUGH CPT5-NA LOCATIONS ARE APPROXIMATE
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
S-2
CURRENT PRIMARY LAND CHECK AS OF DECEMBER 20102
HCC FACILITY
SOIL AND GRAB GROUNDWATER BORING& >
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Merc
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San JoaquinRiver
Turlock
Livingston
Hilmar
STANISLAUS COUNTY
MERCED COUNTY
Atwater
1 0 1 2 30.5
SCALE IN MILES
£
LAND USE CLASSIFICATION
LEGENDSITE BOUNDARY
AGRICULTURAL LAND
NATIVE CLASSES
NOT SURVEYED
PASTURE
URBAN
WATER
NON-IRRIGATEDAGRICULTURAL LAND
SOURCE: 2002 MERCED COUNTY AND 2004 STANISLAUS COUNTY LAND USE SURVEY DATA; CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES.
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 2-2
REGIONAL LAND USE6/17/10 JJSM
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
C:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\LwrAqExt\Fig 2-1 LandUseClassifications.mxd
Sand�FiltersNOT�USED
EGSBIN�SERVICE
Enclosed�FlareIN�SERVICESpill�TankIN SERVICE
Surge�TankIN�SERVICESubmerged�
HollowFiber�UF
IN�SERVICEReplacement�
RO Units
Deep�Well�Injection
(RO�concentrate)IN�SERVICE
Granule�Catcher
IN�SERVICE
PCDAFIN�SERVICE
WASTEWATERQUALITY
Tota
l�Dis
solv
ed�S
olid
s�Ye
arly
�Ave
rage
�(m
illig
ram
s�pe
r�lite
r)
WASTEWATERTREATMENT
VSEP(NF�
Membranes)REMOVED
EqualizationIN�SERVICE
VSEP(RO�
Membranes)REMOVED
VSEP(UF�
Membranes)REMOVEDRO�Unit�#1IN�SERVICE
PondsIN SERVICE
VSEP(UF�
Membranes)REMOVED
RO�Units�#2�&�#3
REPLACED�IN�2005
Filter�PressNOT�USED
3567
25752867 2762 2754
33743009
6333
45964885 4836
2074 2248 2100 2217 21111527
NO�DATA
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
IN�SERVICEPre�AerationIN�SERVICE
SBRIN�SERVICE
RO�Units#2�&�#3
IN�SERVICE
TREATMENTSTATUS
DISCHARGEHISTORY
Was
tew
ater
�Dis
char
ge�Y
early
�Ave
rage
�(m
illio
n�ga
llons
�per
�day
)
NO�TREATMENT IN�SERVICE 2005EvaporatorIN�SERVICE
Wastewater�to�Primary�Areas�(mgd)
Wastewater�to�RO�Ponds�(mgd)
Total�Wastewater�Discharge�(mgd)
NO�DATA2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.01977 1985 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Tile�drain�
plugged�(in�area�H);�application�
to�area�H�began.
RO�permeate�application�to�
secondary�lands�began;�
reduction�in�wastewater�
application�to�Primary�Lands.
PRIMARY�LANDAPPLICATION
HISTORY
Wastewater�application�to�areas�F�and�G�
began�in�December.
Application�to�area�E�began,��
Increase�in�facility�
operations.
Removed�16�acres�of�Primary�Lands�(area�B).
Store�RO�permeate�to�2�
clay�lined�ponds�(RO�ponds).
Tile�drain�plugged�(area�
A).Removed�6�
acres�of�Primary�Lands�(part�of�
area�H).
Removed�10�acres�of�Primary�Lands�(area�H).
Wickstrom�tile�drain�plugged�
(area�C).
Removed�52�acres�of�Primary�
Lands(areas�E,�F,�G).
Application�to�area�C�and�H�from�January�
through�March.��Application�to�
area�H�in�August.�
Application�to�area�C�in�
November�and�December.
TID�tile�drain�operation�in�HCC�vicinity.
Facility�operations�
began.��Discharge�to�
holding/�percolation�
pond.
Wastewater�application�began�to�29�
acres�of�Primary�Lands�(areas�A�and�B).��First�WDR�issued.
Wastewater�application�to�areas�A�and�B�
gradually�increasing.
Wastewater�application�
shifted�to�area�C�and�smaller�
amounts�applied�to�areas�
A�and�B.��Wastewater�
application�to�area�D�began�in�
December.
0.2
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EGSB�=�expanded�granular�sludge�bedHCC�=�Hilmar�Cheese�Companymgd�=�million�gallons�per�dayNF�=�nanofiltrationPCDAF�=�physico�chemical�dissolved�air�flotation
RO�=�reverse�osmosisSBR�=�sequencing�bath�reactorTID�=�Turlock�Irrigation�DistrictUF�=�ultrafiltration
VSEP�=�vibratory�sheer�enhancement�processWDR�=�Waste�Discharge�Requirement
Notes:(1)�Excludes�Secondary�Land�application�which�began�receiving�treated�wastewater�in�2001.(2)�Wastewater�and�Primary�Land�history�is�based�on�the�Report�of�Waste�Discharge�(August�2004)�and�the�Groundwater�Characterization�Report�(September�2004)�by�Brown�and�Caldwell;�Monthly�Water�Quality�Monitoring�Reports�by�HCC;�and�the�Report�of�Waste�Discharge�(June�2008)�by�KennedyJenks.
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA FIGURE 2-4
WASTEWATER AND FORMER PRIMARY LANDUSE TIMELINE3/15/11 SM JJ
LOCATION
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
CA B
D
EF
G
1996 � 1998
LAN
DER
�AV
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AUGUST�AVE
CA B
D
1995
LAN
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1989�1994
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H
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Merced River
San Joaquin River
Turlock
Livingston
Hilmar
STANISLAUS COUNTY
MERCED COUNTY
Atwater
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 2-5
PHYSIOGRAPHIC SETTING6/17/10 JJSM
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
1 0 1 2 30.5
SCALE IN MILES
£
SOURCE: USGS SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS REPORT 2004-5232(HYDROGEOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MODESTO AREA,SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY, CA) (MODIFIED FROM CALIFORNIADIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY, 1966).
PHYSIOGRAPHY
DATA UNAVAILABLE
CONSOLIDATED ROCKS AND DEPOSITS
LOW ALLUVIAL PLAINS AND FANS
RIVER FLOODPLAINS, CHANNELS, & OVERFLOW LANDS
BOUNDARY OF CORCORAN CLAY
SITE BOUNDARY
WATER
LEGEND
Path: C:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012RI_Summary\Fig 2-5 PhysiographicSetting.mxd
Merced River
San Joaquin River
Turlock
Livingston
Hilmar
STANISLAUS COUNTY
MERCED COUNTY
Atwater
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 2-6
MAP OF GEOLOGIC UNITS ANDCORCORAN CLAY EXTENT6/17/10 JJSM
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
1 0 1 2 30.5
SCALE IN MILES
£
SOURCE: USGS SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONSREPORT 2004-5232 (HYDROGEOLOGICCHARACTERIZATION OF THE MODESTO AREA, SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY, CA) (MODIFIED FROM CALIFORNIA DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY, 1966).
LEGEND
GEOLOGIC UNIT
DUNES
ALLUVIUM AND DREDGE TAILINGS
STREAM CHANNEL DEPOSITS
FLOOD-BASIN DEPOSITS
NONMARINE TERRACE DEPOSITS
MODESTO FORMATION
RIVERBANK FORMATION
TURLOCK LAKE FORMATION
MEHRTEN FORMATION
DATA UNAVAILABLE
WATER
SITE BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY OF CORCORAN CLAY
Path: C:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012RI_Summary\Fig 2-6 Geologic_Units.mxd
Merced River
San Joaquin River
Tuolumne River
Turlock
Merced
Montpelier
Riverbank
Fahr Creek
Warnersville
El Nido-Stevinson
Manteca
TURLOCKSUB-BASIN
MERCEDSUB-BASIN
MODESTOSUB-BASIN
DELTA-MENDOTASUB-BASIN
EASTERN SAN JOAQUINSUB-BASIN
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 2-7
SAN JOAQUIN VALLEYGROUNDWATER BASIN6/17/10 JJSM
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
SITE BOUNDARY
GROUNDWATER SUB-BASINS
SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGIC UNITS
LEGEND
1.5 0 1.5 30.75
SCALE IN MILES
£Path: C:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012RI_Summary\Fig 2-7 SJValley GWbasin.mxd
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Merced
River
Turlock
Livingston
Hilmar
TRLK-15
TRLK-14
TRLK-13TRLK-02
TRLK-01
TRLKFP-02
TRLKFP-01
TRLKMW-05
0.5 0 0.5 10.25
SCALE IN MILES
£
SOURCES: CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES WATER DATA LIBRARY; USGS DATA SERIES 325: GROUND-WATER QUALITY DATA IN THE CENTRAL EASTSIDE SAN JOAQUIN BASIN 2006: RESULTS FROM THE CALIFORNIA GAMA PROGRAM.
LEGEND
SITE BOUNDARY
@A CALIFORNIA GAMA PROGRAM GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA WELLS
@A CALIFORNIA DWR WATER DATA LIBRARY WELLS
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 2-8
REGIONAL WELLLOCATIONS6/17/10 JJSM
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
Path: C:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012RI_Summary\Fig 2-8 Regional Wells.mxd
©̈©©
©̈©©
©̈©©©̈©©
0.0002 FT/FT
69
69.2
69.4
MW-2868.86
MW-2768.88
MW-2669.24
MW-2369.42
JOHNSON AVENUE
OSLO ROA
D
AUGUST AVENUE
LANDER AVENUE
OSLO STREET
COLUMBUS AVENUE
0 1,200
SCALE IN FEET
£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
DPGAPPR. BY
2/22/11 TJ
FIGURE 4-3a
LOWER AQUIFER POTENTIOMETRICSURFACE MAP (JANUARY 2010)
LEGEND
DATA NOT USED IN CONTOURING
LOWER AQUIFER MONITORING WELL©̈©©
65.8 POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE ELEVATION (FT. MSL)
*
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE CONTOUR(DASHED WHERE APPROXIMATE)
GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-3a LA POT 2010.mxd
©̈©©
©̈©©
©̈©©©̈©©©̈©©©̈©©
0.0001 FT/FT
70.60
70.70
70.80
MW-2870.58
MW-2770.57
MW-2670.62
MW-2370.88
MW-4062.14*
MW-3861.56*
JOHNSON AVENUE
OSLO ROA
D
AUGUST AVENUE
LANDER AVENUE
OSLO STREET
COLUMBUS AVENUE
0 1,200
SCALE IN FEET
£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
DPGAPPR. BY
2/22/11 TJ
LEGEND
DATA NOT USED IN CONTOURING
LOWER AQUIFER MONITORING WELL©̈©©
70.57 POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE ELEVATION (FT. MSL)
*
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE CONTOUR(DASHED WHERE APPROXIMATE)
GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
FIGURE 4-3b
LOWER AQUIFER POTENTIOMETRICSURFACE MAP (JANUARY 2011)
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-3b LA POT 2011.mxd
©̈©©
©̈©©
©̈©©©̈©©©̈©©©̈©©
64
63
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MW-2363.91
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AMERICAN AVENUE
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D
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LANDER AVENUE
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COLUMBUS AVENUE
LEGEND
DATA NOT USED IN CONTOURINGWELL SCREENED IN DEEPER ZONE
LOWER AQUIFER MONITORING WELL©̈©©
70.57 POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE ELEVATION (FT. MSL)
*
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE CONTOUR(DASHED WHERE APPROXIMATE)
GROUNDWATER FLOW DIRECTION
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-4c POT Apr 2012 LA.mxd
0 1,200
SCALE IN FEET
£TJDPG
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BYPROJECT NO.
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
01.HCC.2012 6/21/12
0.0002 FT/FT
FIGURE 4-4c
LOWER AQUIFER POTENTIOMETRICSURFACE MAP (APRIL 2012)
LEGENDFT = FEET WELL SCREENED IN UPPER AQUIFER SHALLOW ZONE
MSL = MEAN SEA LEVEL WELL SCREENED IN UPPER AQUIFER SUPPLY ZONE
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 4-5a
UPPER AQUIFER VERTICAL GRADIENT CHARTS7/30/12 SM JJ
LOCATION
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
80
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LEGENDFT = FEET
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WELL SCREENED IN UPPER AQUIFER SUPPLY ZONE
WELL SCREENED IN LOWER AQUIFER
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 4-5b
UPPER TO LOWER AQUIFER VERTICAL GRADIENT CHARTS7/30/12 SM JJ
LOCATION
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
35
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FIGURE�4�5cLOWER�AQUIFER�VERTICAL�GRADIENT�CHART
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D
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OSLO STREET
COLUMBUS AVENUE
JOHNSON AVENUE
0 1,200
SCALE IN FEET
£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
PROJECT NO. DRAWN BYRAL
APPR. BY02.HCC.2012 TJ
LEGEND
LOWER AQUIFER MONITORING WELL©̈©©
J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\LwrAqDGFS\Figure 2b MW Age dating.mxd
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
FIGURE 4-6
LOWER AQUIFER AGE DATINGMONITORING WELL LOCATIONS
63-65:
* BASED ON CFC 12 DATA FOR LOWER AQUIFER, RECHARGE ONSITE (SEE SECTION 3.2)
DATE
06/05/12
Estimated age in years before presentof the source of groundwater comprisingthe Lower Aquifer.
20%
20%
20%
40%
40%
40%
60%
60%
60%
80%
80%
80%
Mg
Ca
20%
20%
20%
40%
40%
40%
60%
60%
60%
80%
80%
80%
SO4
Cl
SO4 +
Cl Ca + M
g
Na + KHC
O3 +
CO
3
80%
80%60
%60%
40%
40%20
%20%
LOWER AQUIFERTRI-LINEAR DIAGRAM
DATE
1/17/11
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
LOCATION
B-1
TITLE
FIGURE
NOTES:
Ca = CALCIUM
Cl = CHLORIDE
CO3 = CARBONATE
HCO3 = BICARBONATE
K = POTASSIUM
Mg = MAGNESIUM
Na = SODIUM
SYMBOL DEFINITIONS
8/12/2010
9/7/2010
9/27/2010
10/19/2010
12/14/2010
COLOR DEFINITIONS
DW-68
DW-73
DW-108
IN-03
LEGEND
K = POTASSIUM
Mg = MAGNESIUM
Na = SODIUM
SO4 = SULFATE
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MONITORING WELL
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TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
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HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
2/10/11 TJDPG
FIGURE 4-8
STIFF DIAGRAMS UPPER AND LOWER AQUIFERS
(2010 AVERAGED DATA)C:\G
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LOWER AQUIFER ZONE
UPPER AQUIFER SHALLOW ZONE
UPPER AQUIFER SUPPLY ZONE
ZONE DESIGNATIONS
ABBREVIATIONS:
CHLORIDE
MILLIEQUIVALENT PER LITER
CALCIUM
Cl
meq/L
Ca
POTASSIUM
CARBONATE AS CaCO3
BICARBONATE AS CaCO3
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CO3
HCO3
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SODIUM
SO4
Mg
Na
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Ca
Mg SO4
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3
STIFF DIAGRAM
STIFF DIAGRAMS CREATED FROM AVERAGESOF DATA COLLECTED IN 2010.
NOTES:
FIGURE�4�9a
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JOHNSON AVENUE
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SCALE IN FEET
£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
DPGAPPR. BY
3/2/11 TJ
FIGURE 4-10a
LOWER AQUIFER IODIDE ANDCHLORIDE CONCENTRATIONS
LEGEND
SUPPLY WELL!(
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
MONITORING WELL©̈©©
NOTES:
Q3 AND Q4 2010 SAMPLE DATA USED EXCEPTFOR MW-38 AND MW-40 WHICH WERE SAMPLEDIN Q1 2011.
IODIDE CONTOUR (ug/L)
CHLORIDE CONTOUR (mg/L)
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-10a Iodide-Chloride LA.mxd
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0 1,200
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£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
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FIGURE 4-10b
UPPER AQUIFER IODIDE ANDCHLORIDE CONCENTRATIONS
LEGEND
SUPPLY WELL!(
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
MONITORING WELL&<
NOTES:
Q3 AND Q4 2010 SAMPLE DATA USED EXCEPTFOR MW-38 AND MW-40 WHICH WERE SAMPLEDIN Q1 2011.
IODIDE CONTOUR (ug/L)
CHLORIDE CONTOUR (mg/L)
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-10b Iodide-Chloride UA.mxd
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SCALE IN MILES
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HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 4-11
ESTIMATED AREA OF ELEVATEDREGIONAL TDS LEVELS3/25/11 JJSM
DATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
LOCATION
SOURCES: CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES WATER DATA LIBRARY; USGS DATA SERIES 325: GROUND-WATER QUALITY DATA IN THE CENTRAL EASTSIDE SAN JOAQUIN BASIN 2006: RESULTS FROM THE CALIFORNIA GAMA PROGRAM.
LEGEND
SITE BOUNDARY
@A CALIFORNIA GAMA PROGRAM GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA WELLS
@A CALIFORNIA DWR WATER DATA LIBRARY WELLS
ESTIMATED AREA OF ELEVATED REGIONAL TDS LEVELS
C:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\LwrAqExt\Fig 5-7 Estimated TDS.mxd
MONITORING WELL©̈©©
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173' 360248' 290
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0 1,200
SCALE IN FEET
£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
DPGAPPR. BY
3/3/11 TJ
LEGEND
GRAB GROUNDWATER SAMPLE LOCATION(DATA COLLECTED IN 2007-2010)
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (mg/L)
GRAB GROUNDWATER SAMPLE DEPTH (FT-BGS)
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
MONITORING WELL (DATA COLLECTED BETWEEN OCTOBER AND DECEMBER 2010)©̈©©
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25 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (mg/L)
FT-BGS FEET BELOW GROUND SURFACE
mg/L MILLIGRAMS PER LITER
125' 12.8
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-12 TDS in LA.mxd
FIGURE 4-12
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDSIN GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
LOWER AQUIFER
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0 1,200
SCALE IN FEET
£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
DPGAPPR. BY
3/3/11 SM
FIGURE 4-13
CHLORIDE IN GROUNDWATER SAMPLESLOWER AQUIFER
LEGEND
GRAB GROUNDWATER SAMPLE LOCATION(DATA COLLECTED IN 2007-2010)
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
CHLORIDE (mg/L)
GRAB GROUNDWATER SAMPLE DEPTH (FT-BGS)
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
MONITORING WELL (DATA COLLECTED BETWEEN OCTOBER AND DECEMBER 2010)©̈©©
NOTES:
25 CHLORIDE (mg/L)
FT-BGS FEET BELOW GROUND SURFACE
mg/L MILLIGRAMS PER LITER
125' 12.8
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-13 Chloride in LA.mxd
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£HILMAR CHEESE COMPANY
HILMAR, CALIFORNIA
DATE DRAWN BY
DPGAPPR. BY
3/3/11 SM
FIGURE 4-14
SODIUM IN GROUNDWATER SAMPLESLOWER AQUIFER
LEGEND
GRAB GROUNDWATER SAMPLE LOCATION(DATA COLLECTED IN 2007-2010)
TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICT LATERAL CANAL
SODIUM (mg/L)
GRAB GROUNDWATER SAMPLE DEPTH (FT-BGS)
EXTENT OF HCC FACILITY AND HISTORICAL PRIMARY LANDS
MONITORING WELL (DATA COLLECTED BETWEEN OCTOBER AND DECEMBER 2010)©̈©©
NOTES:
25 SODIUM (mg/L)
FT-BGS FEET BELOW GROUND SURFACE
mg/L MILLIGRAMS PER LITER
125' 12.8
Path: J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\2012\RISummary\Figure 4-14 Sodium in LA.mxd
FIGURE�4�15ANALYTICAL�AND�GROUNDWATER�ELEVATION�DATA�FOR�MW�23
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B
B
IN-02
IN-01
SB-12
SB-10S-64
AUGUST AVENUE
LAN
DER
AVE
NU
E
£0 200
SCALE IN FEET
LEGEND
S-2
HILMAR CHEESE COMPANYHILMAR, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE 4-21
IN-1 VICINITYGRAB GROUNDWATER DATA
06/05/12 TJRALDATE DRAWN BY APPR. BY
02.HCC.2012PROJECT NO.
J:\GIS\Hilmar\Reports\LwrAqDGFS\Figure 3 GG Data.mxd
SOIL BORING LOCATION
All data in mg/L, except as noted.
SB-12183 230.5
Alkalinity, Total as CaC03 191 586
Bromide <1.0 0.24
Chloride 140 108
Dissolved Boron <0.10 <0.10
Dissolved Calcium 16 23
Dissolved Magnesium 7.29 9.36
Dissolved Manganese 0.218 0.104
Dissolved Potassium <10 <10
Dissolved Sodium 126 135
Flouride <0.50 <0.10
Iodide (ug/L) 160 69
Solids, total dissolved 375 555
Sulfate <2.5 22.2
B WELL DESTROYED APRIL 12, 2012
SB-1022.5 82.5 111.5 174.5 216.5
Alkalinity, Total as CaC03 311 750 246 174 531
Bromide 0.51 0.36 <0.20 1.1 0.32
Chloride 215 279 84.2 327 170
Dissolved Boron 0.236 0.185 <0.10 0.105 0.124
Dissolved Calcium 50.4 165 24.2 39.6 120
Dissolved Magnesium 13.5 46 13 14.2 45.6
Dissolved Manganese 3.81 0.813 0.678 0.827 0.834
Dissolved Potassium 27.1 <10 <10 <10 <10
Dissolved Sodium 156 258 113 193 152
Flouride 0.27 0.14 0.14 0.17 <0.10
Iodide (ug/L) 52 88 150 390 110
Solids, total dissolved 1030 J 1330 355 732 432
Sulfate 80.8 88.7 19.4 26.4 37.6
Depth
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August�20,�2012�
� � �
� � Prepared�By:�
� �9083�Foothills�Blvd.,�Suite�1370�
Roseville,�California�95747�
916.367.5111�
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