health association practice
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Food-borne
Diseases
applying skills to prevent and control the spread of diseases.
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Lesson 1 Pre-test
Objective
After 20 minutes discussion, the pupils are expected to get 75% correctresponses.
Subject Matter
Pre-test
MaterialsChart, pictures
Values
Answer the test independently and with all honestly.
Instructional ProcedurePreparatory Activities
1. Motivation
Present the pictures.
Ask the pupils to give some reactions/ideas about the picturepresented.
2. DiscussionFood-borne diseases such as food poisoning, cholera/eltor,
amoebiasis, typhoid fever and hepatitis are illnesses resulting fromeating contaminated food. Drinking unsafe water will also causethese diseases. To prevent these illnesses, one must practicepersonal hygiene. Always remember to drink safe water for drinkingand eat food free from germ contamination.
Another common problem to children is the infestation ofhead lice and intestinal worms. This can be prevented by getting
away from persons having head lice. Observe the use of your ownpersonal things. Parasitic worms can be prevented also byobserving personal hygiene/cleanliness.
3. Setting of standards in taking the test
4. Test ProperRefer to Learners Materials p. 142-143
5. Checking and Recording
Answers Key1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. c 7. b 8. a 9. c 10. b
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Lesson 2 Food-Borne Diseases
Objective
Identify some food-borne diseases common in children.Identify the common signs and symptoms of food-borne diseases, suchas diarrhea and vomiting.
Subject Matter
Common Signs and Symptoms of Food-borne Diseases such asDiarrhea and Vomiting
References
Basic Course on Infectious DiseasesDiseases Prevention for Teachers pp. 46-47cdc.gov/cholera/disease.html
Materials
pictures of a person experiencing diarrhea and vomiting
Values
Practice eating washed and clean fresh food, especially fruits andvegetables
Instructional Procedure
Preparatory Activities
Review on common childhood diseases taken up in the past lesson andtheir preventive measures.
Tell the pupils that they will be learning more childhood diseases intodays lesson.
Ask:Would you like to eat dirty food?Why should we eat clean and healthy food?How would you know if the food you eat is healthy and clean?
Developmental Activities
Presentation
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ValuesPractice drinking clean water.
Instructional Procedure:
Preparatory Activities
Review
How will you know if a person suffers from food poisoning?
Possible Answer: A person may suffer the following.
1. Vomiting 3. nausea2. stomach pain 4. Feeling very tired
Motivation
Say:
Nenas mother wakes up early every morning to preparebreakfast for the family. She also prepares snacks for her childrenin school. Nena brings with her bottled water and sometimes fruitjuice or milk. She does not buy snacks anywhere during recesstime.
1. Are Nenas snacksnutritious and safe?2. Is it safe to buy snacks anywhere? Why?
Developmental Activities
Presentation
The teacher will present picture of a boy who is very pale, thinand has fever with dry lips.
Ask:What do you think the boy is suffering from? Why do you think
the boy suffered that illness?
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Say: Let us find out the answer after participating in the differentactivities as we go along with the lesson.
Activity
Group into three. Each group will work on one situation. Readeach situation and write your answers to every question on a manilapaper. The teacher will set what situation each group will do.
Situation 1- The teacher will read the situation.
Refer to Learners Materials II.B. p. 147
1. Why the baby cried so much?2. What causes the mucus and blood in the stool of the child?3. How will you prevent this kind of ailment?
Possible Answers:1. The baby cried so much because of the severe pain in the
stomach.2. The presence of mucus and blood in the stool of the child is due
to the bacteria that contaminates the water.3. It can be prevented by boiling the drinking water.
Situation 2- The teacher will read the situation.Refer to Learners Materials II.B. p.147-148
1. Why did Ginos father bring him to the doctor?2. What might be the cause of Ginos illness?3. How can we prevent this illness?
Possible Answers:1. Ginos father brought him to the doctor because of his continued
fever.2. The bacteria found in fruit shake caused the high fever
experienced by Gino.3. We can prevent this illness by choosing healthful food.
Analysis
1. What will happen to a person who suffers from amoebiasis if hewill not be taken to the doctor immediately? How about typhoidfever?
Possible Answer:1. This will lead to a more complicated illness.2. Dehydration due to vomiting and high fever3. A serious condition will lead to death.
2. How will you get rid of this illness?
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Possible Answers:1. Keep away from contaminated food or water.2. Cook food properly.3. Store the food in proper temperature.
Abstraction
What do you think is the illness of a child in the picture?
Possible answer: The child is suffering from typhoid fever.
What do you think are the causes?
Possible Answers:1. Poor sanitation2. Contaminated water
3. Contaminated food
Application
A mother who went home from the office is on hystericalmood upon knowing that her Grade II child has a high fever andwas defecating with mucus & blood in it for several times.
1. What was the illness of the child?2. What will you do so that you will not suffer the same?
Possible Answers:
1. The child suffered from amoebiasis.2. The best thing to do is to boil water for drinking.3. Keep food safe from contamination.
Evaluation
Refer to the Learners Materials II.C p.148
Assignment
List down 5 practices to prevent from Typhoid Fever.
Lesson 4 Prevention and Control of Food-borne Diseases
Objective
Practice good health habits to prevent food-borne diseases
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Subject Matter
Good Health Habits to Prevent Food-Borne Diseases
References
Basic Course on Infectious Diseases Prevention and Controlfor Teachers pp. 46-47fda.gov.phfoodsafety.gov.phIllustration of Proper Handwashing
Values
Realize the value of hand washing
Instructional Procedure
Preparatory Activities
Review
Atong Susihon
Refer to the Learners Materials I. p.149
Maihatag ba ninyo ang mga tima-ilhan sa sakit nga kalibang ug tipos?
Unsay atong buhaton sa paglikay niini?
Developmental Activities
Presentation
Atong SulayanRefer to LM II. A and B p. 149-150
1. Kon ang imong inahan gustong magpatabang kanimo samga buluhaton sa kusina labina sa pagluto ug pag-andam ogpagkaon unsa ang imong unang buhaton? Ngano man?
2. Mag-awit Kita
Duha Ka Kamot Duha ka kamot ang nakita ko.
Wala ug tuo.Ang nakita ko.
Limpiyo kini kaayo.Ipakpak og kusog ug mulokso
Usa, duha, tulo
Limpiyong kamot nindot kaayo.
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4. Ipatan-aw sa mga bata ang hulagway sa bata nga nagpalit
og prutas.
- Refer to the Learners Materials II.B.p.1505. Ipatan-aw sa mga bata ang hulagway sa babaye nga
nagbalhin og pinabukal nga tubig ngadto sa laing
butanganan niini..
Ask: Which is safe, boiled water or water from the faucet?
Activity
Refer to Learners Materials II.A p 149
Analysis
Some harmful bacteria may already be present in foods
when they are purchased. Others may be contaminated if the foodhandlers hands are dirty which may have bacteria or virus.
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1. How can we keep ourselves safe from these food-bornediseases then?
2. Why is it necessary for us to practice desirable health habits in
our daily living?
Possible Answers:
1. To keep ourselves safe from food-borne diseases we shouldsee to it that the food and water we take should be clean.
2. Desirable health habits are necessary to keep us safe fromdifferent illnesses.
Abstraction
1. How do you prevent food-borne diseases?
Food-borne diseases can be prevented by means ofpracticing good health habits, proper storing, cooking, cleaningand handling foods.
Application
Rhonas sister asked her to help wash the fruits and place it on the dining table. Her sister washes the vegetables thoroughlybefore it was cut for cooking.
1. Why did Rhona wash the fruits?2. Vegetables should be washed thoroughly before it is cut. Why?3. What should be the first thing to do in preparing food?
Possible Answers:
1. Rhona wash the fruit to keep it free from germs.
2. Washing vegetables before it is cut is necessary so that all kindsof germs will be washed away.
3. Wash hands with soap and water.
Evaluation
Refer to Learners Materials II.C. p.151
Answers Key
1. binotilya 2. Oo 3. kamot 4. dili na 5. hugas
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Assignment
Refer to Learners Materials II.D. p. 151
Lesson 5 Nature of Pediculosis (Headlice) Infestation
Objective
Explain the nature of parasitic infections.
Subject Matter
Nature of Parasitic Infections.Pediculosis (Headlice) Infestation
References
Basic Course on Infectious Diseases.Diseases Prevention for Teachers pp. 46-47Parasitology.com/worm/index.html
Htt://www.medicinenet.com/headlice/article/html
Materials
Picture of a person having head lice
Values
Practice personal hygiene daily.
Instructional Procedure
Preparatory Activities
Review
The teacher will ask the pupils to stand by pair and do the actionof proper hand washing. One will check while the other will do theaction, then exchange partner.
MotivationSay:
Who among you here experience itching on your head?Have you seen children like your age who are always scratchingtheir head? What do you think they scratch their head?
Developmental Activities
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Presentation
Children like your age are commonly seen scratching theirhead. It is because of the parasitic organism that infested theirhead.
Activity I
The teacher will present the picture below.
1. What do you think the children are doing in the picture?2. What are they looking for in their head?3. If you have head lice like the children in the picture what
will you do?
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1. What are head lice?
Head lice are common parasitic insects that easily spreadfrom person to person. It lives on the head and feeds on blood in
the scalp of the host. These small, wingless insects lay eggs callednits on the hair shaft.
2. How can head lice be transferred from one person to another?
Anyone who comes in close contact with someone whoalready has head lice or even contaminated clothes and otherbelongings such as combs, brushes and caps when shared are atrisk from acquiring head lice.
3. How are you going to remove lice and nits on your head?
1. Use fine toothed-comb (suyod).2. Keep your head clean always.3. Take a bath daily.4. Ask the doctor for medical treatment.
Activity II- Role Playing
Divide the class into four groups. Two groups will do the givensituation. Answer the given questions. Write your answer on a manilapaper provided by the teacher.
Situation 1
1. Where do you think the head lice of Pinky came from?2. How can Nita prevented getting head lice?
Situation 2
1. What are nits?
2. How did Liza get the head lice?3. How could have Liza prevented getting head lice?
Nita has long hair. She looks untidy and seldom takes a
bath. Pinky borrowed Nitas comb. After 2 days, she startedscratching her head. When she looked at her pillow in the
morning she found head lice.
Liza slept with her classmates in the Home Economics
building during the Division Science Fair. When she went home,
she started scratching her head. Her mother found out some nits
(eggs of lice) on her hair strands and she had lice.
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Activity III- Word Hunt Puzzle
Group yourself into two. Work on the puzzle.
Refer to Learners Materials II.B p.152-153
Analysis
How are you going to avoid the discomforts of head lice?
Children like your age when infested with head lice are likely tohave no concentration in the class activities. To avoid it, one shouldkeep away from person with head lice. Do not use personal belongingsof others and most especially practice personal hygiene.
Application
What will you do so that lice will not stay in your head?
Evaluation
Refer to Learners Materials II.C p. 153-154
Answers Key
1. Magkatol ang ulo2. Lusa3. Dugo sa anis a ulo4. Dili5. Magbaton ug kahinlo ug maglikay sa tawo nga adunay kuto.
Assignment
Look for a playmate. Talk about your experiences of head itching?Share what you have learned about lice.
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Lesson 6 Nature of Parasitic Worm Infections
Objective
Explain the nature of parasitic worm infections.
Subject Matter
Nature of Parasitic InfectionParasitic Worm Infestation
Reference
Basic Course on Infectious Diseases Prevention for Teachers pp. 46-47Parasitology.com/worm/index.html
ValuesPractice personal hygiene daily.
Instructional Procedure
Preparatory Activities
Review
What will you do to keep away from head lice?
Motivation
The teacher will read the situation.
A boy loves to play. He plays anywhere. Sometimes he eatswithout washing his hands.
Ask the pupils the following questions:
1. Does the boy practice good health habits?2. What do you think will happen to the boy if he will continue
this practice?3. If you were the boy, would you do the same? Why?
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Development al Activities
Presentation
Show to the class the different pictures of parasitic worms.Allow them to share their ideas on the pictures presented.
Do you know how these worms enter into your body? Let us find out.
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Note: The teacher will discuss further after pupils activity. Theseare the common activities where children can be infestedwith parasitic worms.
Suggested question after the group activity:
1. What are the children doing in the picture?2. What do you think will happen to these children?3. Would you do the same? Why?
Group Activity
Group the pupils into three. Each group will work onesituation. Let them read the situation and answer the question.
Refer to Learners Materials II.B. p.156
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Concept Mapping
Let the children give the symptoms and prevention of
Parasitic Worm Infection.
Refer to the Learners Materials II.C p.157
Abstraction
1. What is Parasitic Worm Infestation?
It is the infestation of different parasitic worms of which it dig into
the intestinal walls and suck blood and food nutrients of the host.These will cause weakness and poor growth to children.
2. How does one get intestinal parasite?
a. Consuming fruits or vegetables that have not been carefullycooked, washed or peeled.
b. Contaminated water can also be a cause of intestinal parasite.c. You may get a parasite too if you walk without slippers on dirty
places.
Paleness
Abdominal Pain
Big Stomach
Itchy Anus
Wear Slippersalwa s
Wash hands withsoap and clean
Symptoms
Prevention
Parasitic
Worm
Infection
Wash fruits before
eating
Wash and preparefood properly
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Application
Every after class, Jemimah and her friends eat snacks withoutwashing their hands. They always play around on the wet andunpleasant ground without slippers.
1. What probably will happen to Jemimah and her friends if they willnot change their habits?
2. If you were Jemimah, what will you do to avoid abdominalparasites?
Evaluation
Refer to Learners Materials II.D. p.158
Answers Key
B.
1. 2. 3.
Assignment/Agreement
How many times do you bite your nails, walk barefoot and handle foodwithout washing in a day?
Compare your answers with your classmates.
Lesson 7 Prevention of Parasitic Infections
Objective
Practice personal hygiene and cleanliness of the surroundings toprevent and control parasitic infections.
Subject Matter
Practicing Personal Hygiene and Cleanliness of the Surroundings toPrevent and Control Parasitic Infections
References
Basic Course on Infectious Diseases Prevention for Teachers pp. 48-49Science & Health 2 pp. 14-20
Materials
Pictures showing practices of personal hygiene and cleanliness of thesurroundings
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Values
Practice personal hygiene and keep your surroundings clean always.
Instructional Procedure
Preparatory Activity
Review
Situation 1
Neil, a cheerful boy, loves to eat fruits. He never eats norcuts fruits without washing it thoroughly before eating.
1. Describe Neil.
2. What good values have you learned from Neil?
Situation 2
Joan and Jane are twin sisters. They share personalthings like comb, towel, soap and others.
1. What will happen to both of them?2. To keep away from infection of head lice what will you
do?
Motivation
The teacher will present picture of a child washing hands withsoap and water.
1. What can you say about the girl on the picture?2. Why should we wash our hands always?3. If you were the girl on the picture, would you do the same?
Why?
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2. Avoid borrowing personal things such as towels, comb, bath soap,etc.
3. Keep the surroundings always clean.
Application
Draw the surroundings of your school. Identify the places whereyou can wash hands, and clean area where you can play. Label andcolor your drawing.
Evaluation
Refer to Learners Materials II. B and C p.160-161
Answers Key
B. C.
_____ 1.
_____ 2.
_____ 3.
_____ 4.
____ 5.
_____ 6.
_____ 7.
_____ 8.
_____ 9.
_____ 10.
1. a
2. b
3. c
4. d
5. e
Assignment
1. What are you going to do before eating?(Wash hands with soap thoroughly.)
2. What will you do with your feet before going to bed?(Wash with soap and clean water.)
3. There was left-over food on the table after eating your dinner. Whatwill you do with it?
4. (Cover and keep it properly.)
Lesson 8 Self-Monitoring Skills for Protection AgainstParasitic Infections
Objective
Practices self-monitoring skills to protect oneself from food-bornediseases and parasitic infections
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Subject Matter
Self Monitoring Skills to Protect Oneself from Food-borne Diseasesand Parasitic Infections
References
Basic Course on Infectious Diseases Prevention for Teachers pp. 48-49Parasitology.com/worm/index.htmlmedicinenet.com/head lice/article.html ehow.com/video 12779 wash-hands.html
Materials: Charts
ValuesAlways practice good health habits
Instructional Procedure:
Preparatory Activities
ReviewRefer to Learners Materials I.A. p.162
Answers Key
SoapWater TowelFace
CombHead/Hair Garbage CanTrashNail CutterNails
Motivation
Let the pupils sing
When Youre Healthy and Strong
When youre healthy and strongClap your hands 2x
When youre healthy and strongClap your hands 2x
When youre healthy and you know itThen your life will surely show itWhen youre healthy and strongClap your hands
Jog in place
Hop and Jump
Gallop like a horse
Turn around & shake 2x
http://www.medicinenet.com/head%20lice/http://www.article.html/http://www.article.html/http://www.medicinenet.com/head%20lice/ -
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Developmental Activities
Presentation
Say:
Children like you should always stay healthy and strong so thatyou can play and be with friends always. You can go to school everyday and learn all you can. Let us find out how.
Activity I Health Inspection
Refer to the Learners Materials II.A p.162-164
Direction: Let each one look for a partner; then tell them to inspect thefollowing parts of the body.
Exchange partner. Record the result by putting a star for every cleanparts of the body in the Personal Hygiene Monitoring Card provided bythe teacher. (Use index card for individual pupil)
Personal Hygiene Monitoring Card
Parts of the Body: Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri
1. Teeth2. Nails (Hands)3. Food Nails (Toes)4. Hair5. Ears, Nose, Eyes
Personal Belongings: Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri
1. Comb2. Handkerchief3. Socks4. Blouse/Polo5. Shoes/Sleepers
Note: The pupils with many stars will be given award by theteacher.
Analysis
Why is it important to check ourselves if our personal belongingsand we are clean?
1. Personal hygiene and cleaning of our surroundings are thebest practices in order to prevent and control parasiticinfections.
2. We should do what we have learned so that being clean andhygienic will be habitual.
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Abstraction
Discussion on the importance of cleanliness and personal hygiene.
1. What must be done before eating fruits like guava, macopa, star
fruit (balingbing), watery rose apple (tambis, etc.)(This must be washed thoroughly before eating.)
2. How do we keep food from contamination?
1. Wash hands/utensils before preparing food.
2. Wash vegetables/meat/fish before cooking.
3. Keep food covered to protect from flies.
4. Keep food on a proper temperature.
3. How can we protect children from intestinal parasites?
1. Drink clean and safe drinking water.2. Wash fruits before eating.3. Use/wear shoes/slippers always4. Always wash hands thoroughly before and after eating & most
especially after using the toilet.5. Change your underwear after taking a bath in the morning and
before sleeping.
Application
Do you think self-help monitoring skills in checking our healthcondition important? Why?
Possible Answer:
It is very important to check our health practices by ourselves toavoid and be aware on what to do if in case we are infested with somehead lice and intestinal parasites.
Evaluation
The teacher will collect the pupils self monitoring card after a week.This will be part of the pupilsportfolio.
Agreement/Assignment
Accomplish your monitoring card for the next week to ensurecontinuous practice of good health habits.
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Lesson 9 Post-Test
Objective
The pupils are expected to get 75% correct responses.
Subject Matter
Post-test
Materials
Test Papers
Values
Answer the test independently and with all honestly.
Instructional Procedure
1. Giving set of standards in taking the test2. Test proper3. Checking4. Recording
Refer to Learners Materialsp. 165-166
Answers Key
1. c 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. b 6. a 7. c 8. b 9. c 10. a
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