heart

Layers of the heart wall

• Endocardium– Endothelium• Simple squamous epithelium• Subendocardial conective tissue

• Myocardium– The thickest layer– Cardiac muscle cells

• Epicardium – Visceral layer of the pericardium– Connective tissue– Adipose tissue

EndocardiumSimple squamous epithelium

Connective Tissue

Smooth muscle

Myocardium

Cardiac Muscle

Intercalated Disc

Epicardium

• Adipose Tissue• Coronary vessels and

cardiac nerves• Mesothelium

Heart Lumen

Endocardium

Myocardium

Pericardial cavity

Epicardium

Sub-epicardial CT

Myocardia

Myocardia

Cardiac Skeleton

• Composed of dense connective tissue• Three main components:

– The annuli fibrosi, formed around the base of the aorta, pulmonary artery, and the atrioventricular orifices

– The trigonum fibrosum, formed primarily in the vicinity of the cuspal area of the aortic valve

– The septum membranaceum, constituting the upper portion of the interventricular septum

• Function:– providing a structural framework for the heart and attachment sites

for the cardiac muscle– provides a discontinuity between the myocardia of the atria and

ventricles ensuring a rhythmic and cyclic beating of the heart

Katup yg terbentuk dr perluasan endokardium

atrium&ventrikel + jar ikat di tengah

Endokardium atrium

Miokardium atrium

Endokardium ventrikel

Miokardium ventrikel

Perluasan subepicardium di atrioventrikular

junction

Heart valves

Musculus Papillaris dan Chorda Tendinae

Musculus Papillaris dan Chorda Tendinae

MCh Te

Musculus Papillaris dan Chorda Tendinae

Ch TeM

Conducting System of the Heart