heartland 2050 housing affordability & sustainability
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Yes Virginia, You can have Affordability & Sustainability in
Nebraska & Iowa
David Holtzclaw Transduction Technologies
Heartland 2050 USGBC Nebraska Flatwater Chapter February 24, 2016
Sustainable & Affordable Housing• Across the U.S. more environmentally
sustainable public housing has come online in the last 2 years
• Over 180,000 Energy Star certified multi-family units.
• Over 130,000 LEED multi-family units
• Over 331 Passive House multi-family units
Commissioning: HERS Index• Reference is 2006 code
built house (100) • Each point = 1% annual
energy consumption gain or lose
• 0 = net zero energy house• Advantage: scores the
structure not the occupants
• Disadvantage: doesn’t score the occupants.
Energy Star Homes
https://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_homes.hm_index
• Best building standard widely available
• 4 checklists : HVAC, Thermal Enclosure, Water Management
• HERS Rating better than code
2014 Total % MarketU.S 74,102 627,969 11.81 %Texas 19,845 98,617 20.12 %Colorado 2,688 16,909 15.9 %Iowa 1,086 6,913 15.71 %NE 63 3,804 1.34 %Kansas 24 4,821 0.50%South Dakota 9 2,768 0.33 %
www.energystar.gov/
Energy Star By the Numbers (2014)
“How Much Does It Cost to Build an Energy Star Home?, 2013 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Cost for Energy Star Building (2012)
Current Code
Energy Star Dwelling
Energy Cost
($/yr)1
Energy Cost ($/yr)
Savings ($/yr)
Premium Costs
($)
SPB(Yrs)
Savings ($/mo)
Premium Costs ($/mo) 2
Net Cash Flow
($/mo)
Single Family(2425 ft2)
$2,089 $1,674 $ 415 (20%)
$2,350 5.66 $35 $13 $22
Multi-family (1504 ft2)
$1,075 $946 $ 129 (12%)
$1,286 9.9 $11 $6 $5
Cost for Energy Star Building for utility payer
1. Climate zone 5, data from Omaha and Indianapolis for Energy Star Certified Homes, Version 3, 2013 2. Assumes 90% down, 4% loan, 30 year fixed rate
NE IASingle Family
Multi-family Single Family
Multi-family
Size (ft2) 2,425 1,504 2,425 1,504
Premium($/ft2)
$2,350 ($0.97/ft2)
$1,286 ($0.86/ft2)
$6,417 ($2.65/ft2)
$4,246 ($2.82/ft2)
Cert. Charge $650 $400 $650 $400
Utility Rebates $500 - $3,000 $1504 ($1/ft2)
HVAC Rebate $400 $200 $1,575 $350-$675
Equipment Rebate
- - $125 $125
45L Tax Credit - - $2000 $2000
Total Cost $2,100 $686 $367 $342
Utility Savings $415 $129 $673 $232
SPB (Yr) 5.1 5.3 0.5 1.5
Energy Star Certified Homes, Version 3, 2013 (rebate data from 2016)
Cost for Energy Star Builder
Cost for Energy Star BuilderCost Benefit
1. $350-$21002. Construction schedule
logistics 3. Qualified contractors
1. Better product2. Improved indoor air
quality 3. Improved & more
efficient HVAC system4. Improved comfort5. 3rd party verification and
commissioning6. Better appliances 7. Decreased maintenance
cost 8. Marketing benefit
LEED In Motion, Residential, 2014
Fastest Growing LEED Certification
LEED-H By the Numbers (2014)• 29,259 LEED-H Projects (34% all LEED
Projects)
• >200,000 units certified
• 74% Multifamily
• 44% Affordable Housing
• 65% of certified units were certified since 2012
LEED In Motion, Residential, 2014
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HERS RaterEnergy Star
LEED-H Requirements • HERS Rating <70 (local code dependent) • EPA Energy Star Certified • EPS Water Sense Certified (v4) • Simulated Energy model • Door Blower test • Duct Leakage Test• Thermal Barrier Verification • Thermal Bridging Verification • HVAC Performance Testing & Balance • Mechanical Ventilation Testing & Verification• Water Efficiency Verification • Other LEED verifications (low VOC paint, etc.)• Provider Reviews Green Rater & HERS Rater
(4th Party Review)
What Does LEED-H Cost?
1.HERS/Energy Star Rater: $500 - $750 (Single Family)2. Green Rater: $400 - $5003. Provider Fee: $400- $6004. Total: $1,500 - $3,000- Decreased for volume or multifamily (sampling)
Hard Costs 1. -3% to 10% more 2.Less with Green Building Experience
Urban Green Building Rating System Cost Comparison, March 2012
Urban Green Building Rating System Cost Comparison, March 2011
LEED-H Registration, verification, and certification: $2,776 NGBS Registration, verification, and certification: $1,350
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Local Incentives 1. Property Tax Abatement – Most common
2. LIHTC – Low Income Housing Tax Credit Many local municipals require or offer additional points for green certification for LIHTC developers
3. Local market driven (Portland, Seattle)
4. Nonprofit Driven (Habitat for Humanity)
5. Stick vs carrot - local municipals demand it
Example: Cincinnati, OH
1. Offers residential property tax abatement for units that meet LEED certification:
- Max abatement of $275,000 for up to 15 years
- Unlimited property tax abatement for up to 15 years for LEED Platinum.
LIHTC Example: Virginia 1. Allows LIHTC investors to reduce their
federal income tax by $1 for every $1 of tax credit they received. Limited to $1.75/state resident.
2. Provide additional “credits” for green housing (LEED-H, EarthCraft, Passive House, etc.)
3. Offer additional “credits” for energy efficient housing (lower HERS score).
NE (6pts) IA (20 pts)1. 6 Points Max2. All Energy Star Equipment HVAC (1 pt) 3. Geothermal (2 pts) 4. All exterior lighting on photocell or timer (1 pt) 5. Low VOC interior paints (1 pt) 6. Ongoing recycling (1 pt) 7. Washer & dryer in each unit (1 pt) 8. Community garden w/ water source (1 pt) 9. Storage area (1 pt)
1. Environmental: 12 Pts-radon (2 pts)-Low flow faucets (2 pts)-Low VOC interior paints (2 pt) -High efficiency DHW (2 pts)-No smoking policy in common areas (2 pts)-Low VOC adhesives and sealants (2 pts) 2. Energy Efficiency (8 pts) - HERs < 62 (8 pts)
LIHTC Green Standards
Passive House By the Numbers• 4 multi-family complexes have been
certified to meet the Passive House standard of the Passive House Institute of the U.S. (PHIUS)
• 17 more multi-family complexes have been submitted to PHIUS for certification
• 331 units total.
Summary1. Heartland multi-family housing units are not as sustainable or as energy efficient as their peers across the region or country.
2. Many Heartland developers and builders are leaving financial incentives “on the table” by not developing more sustainable housing units.
Summary3. Next generation housing tenants will expect more energy efficient and sustainable housing options.
4. Greater emphasis on energy efficiency or sustainability by the LIHTC and tax abatement policies and utilities could greatly impact the market place as it has in other markets.
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