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Introduction to heat and energyby I CHOLOSI
Matter
bull Everything is made of MATTERbull Matter is anything that has volume and mass
bull Volume is the amount of space an object takes up or
occupies
It is easier to open a tight bottle cap by exposing it to
heat
It is easier to open a tight bottle cap by exposing it to
heat
THERMAL EXPANSIONTHERMAL EXPANSION
EXPANSION OF MATERIALSEXPANSION OF MATERIALS
ldquoMaterials expand as their thermal energy increasesrdquo rarr Thermal expansion
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
Materials (1 m in length)
Length of Expansion
Invar (alloy of Fe and Ni) 01 mm
Pyrex 03 mm
Platinum alloy 09 mm
Glass 09 mm
Concrete 10 mm
Steel 10 mm
Brass 20 mm
Aluminum 30 mm
Materials contract as their thermal energy decreasesrdquo
Measuring the volume of liquids
bull Liquids have volume We measure that volume with a graduated cylinder
bullUse the markings to determine the sig figs
bullAlways measure at the bottom of the meniscus
bullA liquid in any container has a meniscusbullLiters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used to express the volume of liquids
Physical Changes
A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance
Physical changes do not form new substances EX ice melting or sugar dissolving
Physical changes are easy to undo
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Matter
bull Everything is made of MATTERbull Matter is anything that has volume and mass
bull Volume is the amount of space an object takes up or
occupies
It is easier to open a tight bottle cap by exposing it to
heat
It is easier to open a tight bottle cap by exposing it to
heat
THERMAL EXPANSIONTHERMAL EXPANSION
EXPANSION OF MATERIALSEXPANSION OF MATERIALS
ldquoMaterials expand as their thermal energy increasesrdquo rarr Thermal expansion
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
Materials (1 m in length)
Length of Expansion
Invar (alloy of Fe and Ni) 01 mm
Pyrex 03 mm
Platinum alloy 09 mm
Glass 09 mm
Concrete 10 mm
Steel 10 mm
Brass 20 mm
Aluminum 30 mm
Materials contract as their thermal energy decreasesrdquo
Measuring the volume of liquids
bull Liquids have volume We measure that volume with a graduated cylinder
bullUse the markings to determine the sig figs
bullAlways measure at the bottom of the meniscus
bullA liquid in any container has a meniscusbullLiters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used to express the volume of liquids
Physical Changes
A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance
Physical changes do not form new substances EX ice melting or sugar dissolving
Physical changes are easy to undo
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
It is easier to open a tight bottle cap by exposing it to
heat
It is easier to open a tight bottle cap by exposing it to
heat
THERMAL EXPANSIONTHERMAL EXPANSION
EXPANSION OF MATERIALSEXPANSION OF MATERIALS
ldquoMaterials expand as their thermal energy increasesrdquo rarr Thermal expansion
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
Materials (1 m in length)
Length of Expansion
Invar (alloy of Fe and Ni) 01 mm
Pyrex 03 mm
Platinum alloy 09 mm
Glass 09 mm
Concrete 10 mm
Steel 10 mm
Brass 20 mm
Aluminum 30 mm
Materials contract as their thermal energy decreasesrdquo
Measuring the volume of liquids
bull Liquids have volume We measure that volume with a graduated cylinder
bullUse the markings to determine the sig figs
bullAlways measure at the bottom of the meniscus
bullA liquid in any container has a meniscusbullLiters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used to express the volume of liquids
Physical Changes
A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance
Physical changes do not form new substances EX ice melting or sugar dissolving
Physical changes are easy to undo
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
EXPANSION OF
MATERIALS UNDER 100degC
Materials (1 m in length)
Length of Expansion
Invar (alloy of Fe and Ni) 01 mm
Pyrex 03 mm
Platinum alloy 09 mm
Glass 09 mm
Concrete 10 mm
Steel 10 mm
Brass 20 mm
Aluminum 30 mm
Materials contract as their thermal energy decreasesrdquo
Measuring the volume of liquids
bull Liquids have volume We measure that volume with a graduated cylinder
bullUse the markings to determine the sig figs
bullAlways measure at the bottom of the meniscus
bullA liquid in any container has a meniscusbullLiters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used to express the volume of liquids
Physical Changes
A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance
Physical changes do not form new substances EX ice melting or sugar dissolving
Physical changes are easy to undo
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Measuring the volume of liquids
bull Liquids have volume We measure that volume with a graduated cylinder
bullUse the markings to determine the sig figs
bullAlways measure at the bottom of the meniscus
bullA liquid in any container has a meniscusbullLiters (L) and mL (milliliters) are most often used to express the volume of liquids
Physical Changes
A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance
Physical changes do not form new substances EX ice melting or sugar dissolving
Physical changes are easy to undo
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Physical Changes
A physical change is a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance
Physical changes do not form new substances EX ice melting or sugar dissolving
Physical changes are easy to undo
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Chemical Changes
A chemical change occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties
bull You can observe chemical properties only when a chemical change might occur
Examples of chemical changes baking a cake
bullrusting
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Heat in the city
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
MEASURING TEMPERATUREMEASURING TEMPERATURE
1 Using the tactile sense1 Using the tactile sense
2 Using a thermometer2 Using a thermometer
a Thermal sensora Thermal sensor
b Calibrations ~ degF degC or Kb Calibrations ~ degF degC or K
PARTS OF A THERMOMETER
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER1
Dia
l the
rmom
eter
ndash a
ka R
otar
y th
erm
omet
er
2 Glass thermometer ndash aka
liquid-in-glass ~ Mercury or
Colored alcohol
3
Ther
moc
oupl
e
ndash ak
a el
ectr
onic
th
erm
omet
er
4 Liquid crystal thermometer4 Liquid crystal thermometer
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
TEMPERATURE SCALESTEMPERATURE SCALES
2 Celsius Scale ndash (named after Swed astronomer Anders C Celsius) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 0ordmC - freezing pt and 100ordmC ndash boiling pt
Fahrenheit Scale ndash (named after Ger physicist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit) based on the freezing and boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure ~ 32ordmF - freezing pt and 212ordmF ndash boiling point
Kelvin Scale ndash (named after Brit physicist William T Kelvin) erased the arbitrary assigned reference points thus called not a relative scale but an Absolute temperature scale 0 = nothing ndash Absolute Zero ~ lowest temperature possible occurring when all random motion of molecules has ceased In this scale 273K ndash freezing pt of water 373K ndash boiling pt
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
CONVERSIONSCONVERSIONS
(degF -32)59From degF to degC
From degC to degF (degC 95) + 32
From degC to K degC + 273
From degF to K (degF-32)59 + 273
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Detailed information about temperature scale
Temperature Scales -Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Fahrenheit Scale
bull Develop in early 1700s by G David Fahrenheit
bull Zero is the lowest temperature that salt water will freeze
bull 32deg F is freezing point of pure water
bull 212deg F is boiling point of pure water
bull F scale used in US for surface temperatures
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
bull Developed in 1700s
bull Also called Centigrade scale
bull Zero is the freezing point of pure water
bull 100 is the boiling point of pure water at sea
level
bull A change of 1 Cdeg = 18Fdeg
bull 18 C = F -32
Celsius Scale
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
bull Absolute zero ndash molecules stop moving
bull Lowest possible temperatures
bull Zero K = -459deg F
bull Zero K = -273deg C
bull degK = degC + 273
bull Kelvin scale used for all scientific equations
Kelvin Scale
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Specific heat of common materials
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Temperature effects
A material with a high specific heat
can absorb a great deal of
thermal energy without a great
change in temperature
To calculate thermal energy changes in an object use the
following formula
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Example
bull How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins
Change in energy= mass X specific heat X change in temperature=5 kg X 4180 J(kg X K) X 10 K= 209000 J
You need to transfer 209000 joules to the water to increase its temperature by 10 kelvins
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
THERMOSTAT
ldquordquo The amount of expansion of a material depends on the change
in temperature
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
This is it
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
The study of the flow of heat within an object or from one medium to another due to their variation in temperature
HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation - energy is emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles eg bull heatwarmth felt from a flame or bonfire sans touching it the heat from the
microwave oven and the heat from the sunbull 2 Conduction - heat energy transfer caused by direct contact wherein heat travels
from one molecule to another For example exposing metal to a flame allowing an article to rest on a warm or hot object
bull 3 Convection - transference of mass or heat within a fluid caused by the tendency of warmer and less dense material to rise producing air or fluid currents
METHODS OF HEAT
TRANSFER
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Drinking coffee
Conduction
Radiation
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
ldquoHeat flows from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentrationrdquo
Hot rarr ColdHot rarr Cold
LegendLegend
Hot air risesHot air rises Air cools down
becomes dense
Air cools down
becomes dense
Cold air sinksCold air sinksAir heats up and
becomes less dense
Air heats up and becomes less
dense
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
SPECIFIC HEATSPECIFIC HEAT
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (1 kg) of a substance by one degC (1degC) or one Kelvin (1 K) It is expressed in terms of Joules per kilogram-Kelvin (JkgmiddotK) or Joules per kilogram degree Celsius (JkgmiddotdegC) or calorie per gram degree Celcius (calgmiddotdegC) in which 1 cal = 4186 J
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
THERMAL CAPACITYTHERMAL CAPACITY
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree (1deg) and is the product of its mass and specific heat
ΔQ = mCΔTΔQ = mCΔTWherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Wherein ΔQ is change in heat expressed in terms of Jm is the mass of the substance in kgC is the specific heat in JkgmiddotKΔT is the change in heat in K
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Heat Transfer Song
bull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPshttpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=wr8Z4SCETPs
httpwwwglogstercomderp54examples-of-energy-transformationsg-6lgnaq3gr48lgm8rkn52ua0
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
Energy is always being transferred between objects are different temperatures
bull It is often important to slow this movement of energy
bullThink-Pair-Share Think of one situation where it would be important to slow the movement of energy
Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
HttpgooglOQau2p
httpgooglIaw4Kd
httpgooglImRnRa
httpgooglglKX2e
httpgooglNRBmyS
These slides have been repurposed from
- Introduction to heat and energy by I CHOLOSI
- Matter
- THERMAL EXPANSION
- Slide 4
- Measuring the volume of liquids
- Slide 6
- Chemical Changes
- Heat in the city
- MEASURING TEMPERATURE
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Fahrenheit Scale
- Celsius Scale
- Kelvin Scale
- Specific heat of common materials
- Temperature effects
- Example
- Slide 20
- This is it
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Heat Transfer Song
- Slide 29
- Different Materials Are Used to Control the Transfer of Energy
- These slides have been repurposed from
-
top related