history of computers teacher: ms. hall. reference site: history of computer generation's of...
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History of Computers
Teacher: Ms. Hall
Reference site: History of Computer
generation's of computer (HQ) - YouTube
Investors of Early Computers
• Abacus • The Pascaline Machine - Blaise Pascal and
Gottfried Wihelm Leibnez• The Babbage Machine (Analytical Engine) -
Charles Babbage• The Automatic Loom (Hollerith Machine) -
Herman Hollerith
USES OF EARLY COMPUTING DEVICES
• Pascaline- Used by scientists and mathematicians (additions and subtraction)
• Abacus- Used in schools, offices, shops (calculations/payroll)
• Automatic Loom- (census)• Analytic Engine- (calculations)
THE PASCALINE
THE ABACUS
THE AUTOMATIC LOOM
THE ANALYTICAL ENGINE
FIRST GENERATION
SECOND GENERATION
THIRD GENERATION
FOURTH GENERATION
Generation of ComputersFirst Generation (1951-1958)
Second Generation (1959-1964)
Third Generation (1965-1971)
Fourth Generation (1971- present)
Vacuum Tubes Transistors Integrated Circuits Microprocessors
Big and Clumsy
High electricity consumption
Larger AC were needed
Lot of electricity failure occurred.
Transistors were used
Core memory was developed.
Faster than first generation computers.
Integrated circuits developed
Power consumption was low.
100 times faster than the second generation.
Development of portable computers
Floppy disks became the more popular storage medium.
Super Computer
• Supercomputers – are the largest, fastest and most powerful computers at present.
Mainframe Computers
• Mainframe
Computers are very expensive and can handle more than hundred users at a time. They are found in large organization such as Banks.
MicrocomputerThis type of computers include; systems that
are for general purpose and for business needs. They are usually called PC’s (Personal Computers) based on the microprocessor. Examples are desktop computers, laptop, notebook etc
Mini ComputersHave become outdated and are rarely used
today. They were very popular in the 1960s. They take up less space, may fit on a desk or take up the space of filing cabinet.
Types of ComputerCharacteristics/Features
Supercomputer Microcomputer Mainframe Minicomputer
Design or Architecture
Developed by International Business. They are equivalent to two basketball courts.
Microcomputer also known as personal computers
Mainframes vary in size .
They are small, they can fit on a desk or be as big as a large filing cabinet
Speed at which instructions are carried out
It’s the fastest, most powerful and most expensive computer currently available.
They process data at millions of instructions per second. It can process a number of applications at the same time
Amount of main memory
The main memory is measured in million of bytes.
They store millions of bytes, instructions and information.
Number of users/uses
Scientific application, analysis of geological data, nuclear energy research and meteorology,
One person generally uses the computer at a time
Used by government agencies, banks, hospitals etc.
They can serve up to 4000 users connected.
THE END
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