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3/25/13
1
A presenta*on by the NAADAC, the Associa*on for Addic*on Professionals
THE HISTORY OF RECOVERY IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE
ADDICTION PROFESSION
Presented by William “Bill” White March 26, 2013
Misti Storie, MS, NCC
WEBINAR ORGANIZER
Director of Training & Professional Development
NAADAC, the Associa/on for Addic/on Professionals
USING GOTOWEBINAR
• Control Panel
• Asking Ques:ons
• PowerPoint Slides
• Audio (phone preferred)
www.naadac.org/educa:on/webinars
A presenta*on by NAADAC, the Associa*on for Addic*on Professionals
A COMPONENT OF THE RECOVERY TO PRACTICE (RTP) INITIATIVE
www.naadac.org/education/recovery
OBTAINING CE CREDIT
o The educa/on delivered in this webinar is FREE to all professionals.
o 1.5 CEs are FREE to NAADAC members who aCend this webinar. Non-‐members of NAADAC receive 1.5 CEs for $20.
o If you wish to receive CE credit, you MUST complete and pass the “CE Quiz” that is located at: (look for TITLE of webinar)
www.naadac.org/educa/on/webinars
o A CE cer/ficate will be emailed to you within 21 days of submiYng the quiz and payment (if applicable) – usually sooner.
o Successfully passing the “CE Quiz” is the ONLY way to receive a CE cer*ficate.
Free to NAADAC Members and AccuCare Subscribers
3/25/13
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WEBINAR LEARNING OBJECTIVES
o List at least three pairs of recovery mutual aid groups with each pair respec/vely represen/ng a secular, spiritual or religious pathway of recovery
o Discuss at least 3 issues addressed within AA Tradi/ons that contributed to AA’s survival and growth as an organiza/on
o List at least 4 recovery support ins/tu/ons that are not recovery mutual aid socie/es that are rapidly growing in the U.S.
o Discuss at least 2 clinical implica/ons of the diversifica/on of recovery mutual aid socie/es in the U.S.
William “Bill” White
WEBINAR PRESENTER
Emeritus Senior Research Consultant
Chestnut Health Systems
bwhite@chestnut.org
www.williamwhitepapers.com
AUDIENCE POLLING QUESTION
Are you aware of the many recovery mutual aid societies that existed before the founding
of Alcoholics Anonymous?
RECOVERY IN NATIVE AMERICA
o Delaware Prophets
o Handsome Lake Movement
o The Prophet Movements
o Indian Temperance Preachers
o Indian Shaker Church & Na/ve American Church
RECOVERY IN NATIVE AMERICA
o Ghost Dance & Sun Dance Movements
o Indianizaton of Alcoholics Anonymous
o The Red Road & the Wellbriety Movement
THE INTEMPERATE & THE REFORMED
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WASHINGTONIAN MEETING BLUE RIBBON REFORM CLUB PLEDGE CARD
FREDERICK DOUGLASS & THE “COLORED TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT”
FAITH-BASED RECOVERY EARLY TREATMENT INSTITUTIONS
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EARLY TREATMENT INSTITUTIONS MID-TWENTIETH CENTURY REBIRTH
o Alcoholics Anonymous
o The Modern Alcoholism Movement
o New Alcoholism Treatment Ins/tu/ons
o New Addic/on Treatment Ins/tu/ons
o Addicts Anonymous, Hypes & Alcoholics, Narco/cs Anonymous
o Addic/on Treatment Reform Movements
o Stage set for rise of modern addic/on treatment
AA SHARED WITH EARLIER GROUPS
o Problem admission
o Public or semi-‐public commitment to sobriety
o Sober fellowship
o Experience-‐sharing mee/ngs
o Storytelling (3-‐part style)
o Peer mentoring
AA INNOVATIONS
o Self-‐surrender versus self-‐asser/on
o Focus on long-‐term recovery maintenance versus recovery ini/a/on
o Middle path between religious and secular pathways of recovery
o Codifica/on of program in wri/ng prior to explosive growth
o Maintained its closed mee/ng framework
• import of mutual iden/fica/on in recovery process
o Unique organiza/onal structure (that all external advisors predicted could not work)
o Twelve Tradi/ons were/are key to AA’s survival
AA INNOVATIONS
Personality
Crea/ve management of the 5 Ps:
Power/ Privilege
Possessions (money & property)
Press Passion
AA INNOVATIONS
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AA REMAINS STANDARD BY WHICH PRE-AA AND POST AA GROUPS ARE JUDGED
o Size (2.1 million members)
o Geographical Dispersion (150 Countries)
o Longevity as an Organiza/on
o Number & Methodological Rigor of AA Research
o Adapta/on to Other Problems of Living
o Influence on Addic/on Treatment
o Influence on Culture
RECOVERY MUTUAL AID, 1970-2000
o Growth of Twelve Step groups
o Growing varie/es of Twelve Step experience
o Drama/c growth in total membership
o Geographical dispersion in U.S. and interna/onally
o Diversifica/on of recovery frameworks
o Spiritual Frameworks of Recovery
TWELVE-STEP GROUPS
o AA (1935) and NA (1947, 1953)
o Primary Drug Adapta/ons: • marijuana (1968, 1989) • prescrip/on drugs (1975, 1998) • cocaine (1982) • nico/ne (1985) • benzodiazepine (1989) • methamphetamine (1995) • heroin (2004)
o Persons in recovery on methadone (1991) & generic groups i.e., Recoveries Anonymous (1983) Chemical Dependent Anonymous (1988)
NON-TWELVE STEP, SPIRITUAL ALTERNATIVES
o The Red Road to Wellbriety
FURTHER SPECIALIZATION
Emergence of Concept of “Family Recovery”
Al-‐Anon (1951)
Alateen (1957)
Nar-‐Anon (1968)
Families Anonymous
(1971) Co-‐Anon (1986)
Recovering Couples
Anonymous (1988)
Teen-‐Anon (1999)
FURTHER SPECIALIZATION
• Interna/onal Doctors in Alcoholics Anonymous (1949)
• Lawyers (1975) • Anesthe/sts (1984) • Nurses (1988) • Veterinarians (1990), etc.
Occupa/onal
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FURTHER SPECIALIZATION
Co-‐Occurring Problem
Dual Disorders Anonymous (1982), Dual Recovery Anonymous (1989), Double Trouble in Recovery (1993)
FURTHER SPECIALIZATION
Criminal Jus/ce
Inner Circle
Winner’s Circle/
Community
MEETING SPECIALIZATION
o Gender
o Age or dura/on of sobriety
o Ethnicity
o Sexual orienta/on
o Smoking status
o Degree of religiosity
o Endless varie/es of mee/ng formats
AUDIENCE POLLING QUESTION
Are there faith-based and secular recovery support groups available as alternatives to 12-
step groups in your community?
SECULAR RECOVERY SUPPORT GROUPS
o Women for Sobriety (1975)
o Secular Organiza/on for Sobriety/Save Our Selves (1985)
o Ra/onal Recovery (1986)
o Men for Sobriety (1988)
o Smart Recovery® (1994)
o Modera/on Management (1994)
o LifeRing Secular Recovery (1999)
RELIGIOUS RECOVERY SUPPORT GROUPS
ü Calix Society (1947)
ü Alcoholics Victorious (1948)
ü Teen Challenge (1961)
ü Alcoholics for Christ (1976)
ü JACS (1979)
ü Celebrate Recovery (1991)
ü Free N’ One (1985)
ü Ladies Victorious
ü Overcomers in Christ (1977)
ü Liontamers Anonymous (1980)
ü Mountain Movers
ü Milla/ Islami (1989)
ü Buddhist Recovery Network (2008)
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IMPORTANT RESOURCE
Mutual Support Resources regularly updated at Faces and Voices of Recovery -‐ www.facesandvoicesofrecovery.org
NEW RECOVERY ADVOCACY MOVEMENT
o History
o 2001 Recovery Summit in St. Paul
NATIONAL ORGANIZATION
o Faces and Voices of Recovery
o NCADD
o Johnson Ins/tute
o Legal Ac/on Center
o (CSAT Influence via RCSP)
MOVEMENT GOALS
o Poli/cal/Cultural Mobiliza/on of Communi/es of Recovery
o Recovery-‐focused Public & Professional Educa/on
o Advocacy of Pro-‐recovery Laws & Social Policies
o Push for Recovery-‐focused Redesign of Treatment
o Promo/on of Peer-‐based Recovery Support Services
o Recovery Celebra/on
o Promo/on of Recovery Research
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CURRENT TRENDS
o From recovery community to communi/es of recovery
o Cultural & poli/cal awakening across religious, spiritual & secular frameworks of recovery
o New recovery support ins/tu/ons
o Cultural development
CULTURE OF RECOVERY UPDATE
o Diversifica/on of Peer-‐based Recovery Support Socie/es
o New Recovery Advocacy Movement
o Spread of Grassroots Recovery Community Organiza/ons & Recovery Support Centers
o Recovery Home Movement
o Recovery Industries
o Recovery School Movement
o Recovery Ministries, Churches & Colonies
AUDIENCE POLLING QUESTION
Have there been efforts to establish one or more of these recovery support
institutions in your community?
CULTURAL CONSCIOUSNESS; CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
o Reconstruc/on of History
o Iden/ty Reconstruc/on
o Language Audit & Construc/on
o Values Defini/on
o New Symbols
o Musical Anthems
o Ar/s/c Expression
o Literature
GRASSROOTS RECOVERY COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS (RCOS)
① Organized by and on behalf of communi/es of recovery
② Focus on advocacy, educa/on and peer support services
③ Establishing Recovery Support Centers, e.g., CCAR’s Network of RSCs in CT
④ Some contrac/ng to do telephone-‐based, post-‐treatment recovery checkups
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RECOVERY HOME MOVEMENT
o Halfway Houses (1950s) to Social Model Rehabilita/on Programs (1970s)
o Oxford House (1975) (1,200 homes, 48 states, 24,000 residents per year)
o Federal An/-‐Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Loan Fund)
o Na/onal Associa/on Recovery Residences (2011)
o Philadelphia Survey (21 funded; 250 unfunded)
RECOVERY SCHOOL MOVEMENT
o High School and Collegiate Levels
o Associa/on of Recovery Schools (2002)
o Key Elements
• Ac/ve recruitment of people in recovery
• Scholarships
• On-‐campus recovery support
• Academic mentoring
o Early Evalua/ons (high rates of con/nuous recovery & academic excellence)
RECOVERY INDUSTRIES
o Formats range from “recovery friendly” (Zingerman’s Deli, Venturetech) to “recovery exclusive” employers (Recovery at Work)
o Preparatory or Permanent Employment
o Core Elements:
o Skill training
o Work-‐based peer recovery coaching
o Linkage to recovery communi/es
o Establishment of legi/mate work history
RECOVERY MINISTRIES, CHURCHES & COLONIES
o “Recovery friendly churches”
o Mega-‐churches with a “recovery pastor”
o Lay leaders of recovery support groups
o Recovery-‐focused worship services and workshops
o Recovery Churches, e.g., Central Park Recovery Church in St. Paul
o Faith-‐based recovery colonies, e.g., Dunklin Memorial Camp in Okeechobee, Florida
o Na/onal Associa/on for Chris/an Recovery
CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN COMMUNITIES OF RECOVERY
• Iden/ty Reconstruc/on • Reconstruc/on of History • A New Language • Values Defini/on • New Symbols • Musical Anthems • Ar/s/c Expression • Literature
Cultural Development Between
(rather than within)
Communi*es of Recovery
THE RECOVERY HOME MOVEMENT: 2010 OXFORD HOUSE CONVENTION
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RECOVERY & EDUCATION RECOVERY WITHIN FAITH COMMUNITIES
CULTURAL VISIBILITY & ADVOCACY (WITH ANONYMITY) RECOVERY-FOCUSED COMMUNITY EDUCATION
RECOVERY COMMUNITY CENTERS RECOVERY MEDIA
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RECOVERY & COMMUNITY SERVICE: BALTIMORE RECOVERY CORPS RECOVERY ARTS: PHILADELPHIA RECOVERY MURALS
RECOVERY SPORTS: PHOENIX MULTISPORT RECOVERY & MUSIC
RECOVERY AS A NEW ORGANIZING PARADIGM
o Policy level, e.g., CSAT, ONDCP
o Community level, e.g., recovery-‐oriented systems of care
o Treatment level, e.g., recovery management models
o Non-‐clinical recovery support level, e.g., new ins/tu/ons & roles
CHALLENGES THAT RECOVERY CONCEPT IS:
o Amorphous
o Redundant
o Faddish
o Imprac/cal
o Unscien/fic
o Dangerous
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CRITICAL ISSUES
How can posi/ve effects of acute treatment be extended to long-‐term recovery?
Do new recovery support ins/tu/ons & roles effect recovery outcomes?
What is the rela/onship between RCOs (and recovery coach role) and addic/on treatment?
CRITICAL ISSUES
What is the poten/al role of recovery coach in other service seYngs, CJ, CW, primary medicine?
How will new recovery support roles be structured to avoid role ambiguity, conflict and poten/al harm to people seeking services?
What is role of addic/on professional in suppor/ng later stages of personal/family recovery?
IMPLICATIONS
o AOD arena at personal/family levels no longer limited to treatment and mutual aid
o Enhanced treatment effec/veness via potent combina/ons of treatment, mutual aid and par/cipa/on in new recovery support ins/tu/ons
o Needed clarifica/on of boundaries of ins/tu/ons and roles
o Increased interest in recovery without treatment
IMPLICATIONS
o Greater focus on role of community in recovery
o Greater focus on community recovery capital
o Growing interest in concept of community recovery
o Coyhis “Healing Forest” Metaphor
THANK YOU!
ASKING QUESTIONS
Ask ques/ons through the Ques/ons Pane
3/25/13
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OTHER RTP WEBINARS
Defining Addic*on Recovery • Wednesday, February 13, 2013 @ 3-‐4pm EST
What Does Science Say? Reviewing Recovery Research • Thursday, February 28, 2013 @ 12-‐1:30pm EST
Defining Recovery-‐Oriented Systems of Care (ROSC) • Wednesday, March 13, 2013 @ 3-‐4pm EST
The History of Recovery in the United States and the Addic*on Profession • Tuesday, March 26, 2013 @ 12-‐1:30pm EST
Using Recovery-‐Oriented Principles in Addic*on Counseling Prac*ce • Wednesday, April 10, 2013 @ 3-‐5pm EST
Understanding the Role of Peer Recovery Coaches in the Addic*on Profession • Tuesday, April 23, 2013 @ 12-‐1:30pm EST
Including Family and Community in the Recovery Process • Wednesday, May 8, 2013 @ 3-‐5pm EST
Exploring Techniques to Support Long-‐Term Addic*on Recovery for Clients and Families • Thursday, May 23, 2013 @ 12-‐2pm EST
Collabora*ng with Other Professions, Professionals, and Communi*es • Tuesday, June 4, 2013 @ 3-‐4pm EST
www.naadac.org/educa/on/webinars
WEBINARS ON DEMAND
• Medica:on Assisted Treatment • Building Your Business with SAP/DOT • SBIRT • Billing and Claim Submission • Ethics • Co-‐occurring Disorders • Test-‐Taking Strategies • Conflict Resolu:on • Clinical Supervision • ASAM Placement Criteria • DSM-‐5 Proposed Changes
www.naadac.org/educa/on/webinars
CE credit s:ll available!
Free to NAADAC Members!
WWW.NAADAC.ORG OBTAINING CE CREDIT
o The educa/on delivered in this webinar is FREE to all professionals.
o 1.5 CEs are FREE to NAADAC members who aCend this webinar. Non-‐members of NAADAC receive 1.5 CEs for $20.
o If you wish to receive CE credit, you MUST complete and pass the “CE Quiz” that is located at: (look for TITLE of webinar)
www.naadac.org/educa/on/webinars
o A CE cer/ficate will be emailed to you within 21 days of submiYng the quiz and payment (if applicable) – usually sooner.
o Successfully passing the “CE Quiz” is the ONLY way to receive a CE cer*ficate.
Free to NAADAC Members and AccuCare Subscribers
William White: bwhite@chestnut.org
Thank You for Par*cipa*ng!
www.naadac.org/educa/on/recovery
NAADAC, The Associa*on for Addic*on Professionals 1001 N. Fairfax St. Suite 201 Alexandria, VA 22314 p 800.548.0497 f 800.377.1136
NAADACorg
Naadac
mis/@naadac.org
NAADAC
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