how are they called?

How are they called?

Lesson Objectives• All of you should be able to describe the parts of

a personal computer

• Most of you should be able to identify the performance specifications of the C.P.U.

• Some of you should be able to compare two different Microprocessors.

Parts of personal

computersOmar Álvarez Badillo

Names

http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-vista/Parts-of-a-computer

The C.P.U. ?• Central Processing Unit.

Which one is it?

System Unit• The system unit is the core of a computer

system. Usually it's a rectangular box which contains many electronic components that process data. The most important of these components is the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor, which acts as the "brain" of your computer. 

Microprocessor – The C.P.U.

• A microprocessor incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC, or microchip). Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor

Input Devices• Any peripheral (piece of computer hardware

equipment) used to provide data to a computer. (Wikipedia)

Input Devices• Individually, identify 5 different Input Devices

besides the mouse and the keyboard. (2 minutes)

Output Devices• Is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware

equipment) used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by a computer, which converts the electronically generated information into human-readable form. (Wikipedia)

http://www.best-apple-mac-computers.com/image-files/mac-monitors.png

Output Devices• Individually, identify 5 different Output Devices

besides the monitor. (2 minutes)

Microprocessors Specs

• Clock Speedo Measure of how quickly a computer completes basic computations and

operations.• Hertz (one cycle per second)• kilohertz 1000 cycles per second• megahertz (Mhz) 1000 000 cycles per second• gigahertz (Ghz) 1 000 000 000 cycles per second

• Common clock speed for todays computers?o Between 1.5 Ghz and 4 Ghz

Microprocessors Specs

• Coreso Single core. Only 1 operation at a time.o Dual cores. Two operations at a time.o Quad cores. Four operations at a time.

• I need to grade four exams, which is faster?a) One person that checks one exam every minuteb) 4 persons that check one exam every 2 minutes.

• How many programs do you normally have open at any given time?

Brands

AMD family names:

• Phenom X2, X3 and X4o X stands for the amount of coreso High performance processors

• Turion , Turion X2o Processors specifically designed for mobile devices

• Opterono Medium and Low performance processors.

• Old processors:o Athlon, Opteron

Intel family names

• Intel i7o 4 cores, high performance

• Intel i5o 4 ó 2 cores, medium and high performance

• Intel i3o 2 cores, medium and low perfromance.

• Old processorso Celeron, Dual Core, Quad Core, Core 2

32 or 64 Bits?• The amount of bits they can use to perform any

given operation. • It refers to the amount of digits it can handle, or

its precision. • It’s not the same to be able to add numbers 32

digits long than add numbers 64 digits long. • Faster in very specific situations. Requires special

software.

C.P.U. fans

Mother Board (MoBo)• The central printed circuit board• Everything is connected to it.• It contains the buses that connect all elements

between them.• Determines kind, type, brand and speed of procesors

RAM • Random Access Memory.

o Temporary things• Different from the Hard Disk Drive.

o All programs you are running.o The more windows, programs and files you open the more RAM you

need.• Used only by the computer, users can’t access

them.

RAM Specs• Can be upgraded.• Size

o Megabytes (MB)o Gigabytes (GB)

• One two or four modules depending on MoBo• Normally between 2 to 4 GB• They also have speed.

o 400Mhz up to 1600 Mhz