how gnss changes mapping?

State of the Map 2014

Can Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) change a way of

mapping?

Representative Director OpenStreetMap Foundation Japan

Hiroshi Miura

apologize

● This presentation is made by previous great studies.

● Special thanks to Mr. Taro Suzuki, https://taroz.net/

● His extra-ordinary outcome, ex. GNSS-rador application, help this presentation.

● I've just shared a knowledge which was learned from these results.

Talk plan

● Mapping in Japan● GNSS/GPS status● Satellites and mapping● Simple survey test● TODO

OSM and Japan

● Started in 2008

Tokyo, 2007 → 2010

Mapping in early days

Armchair mapping

● 2010.10 -

● Bing! trace

● Import Yahoo!Japan's map data

● Permission to trace government data by Geospatial Information Authority of JAPAN

Building and POIs

Tunami changes

● Active crisis mappers

● HOT activity

● Disaster prevensionlocal communities

Growing data/community

wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/User:Techstrom/JapanDataGreen/Orange: users/active users, blue: nodes

Precise buildings/ POIs

f4map.com: Shinjuku, Tokyo

F4map : Tsuruga-jo, Fukushima

Precise mapping

● Next mapping targets are going to be:

– Building shape, size and height

– Condensed POI mapping

● It need a field survey

GNSS/GPS status

Global Navigation Satellite Systems

GPS

● Global Positioning System

● Oprated by USA

● 31 satellites

GLONASS

● Russia

● Opens in 2007

● Operation 24, total 31 in 2014

● Compatible with GPS

● A high angle(64.8) of inclination

Galileo

● EU introduced in 2002

– 4 testbed operated in 2014

– No open operation now.● 22 satellites budgeted

● Will be opened soon.

Beidou/Compass

● China start in 2000BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS,北斗 星 航系卫 导 统 )

● In 2012, 16 satellites

● Regional support

● 30 sat in 2020

the figure is cited from EOPortal by ESAhttps://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/c-missions/cnss

QZSS● Japan start its complimentary

satellite system QZSS: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System

● Nickname みちびきmeans “Navigator”

● RNSS: Regional Navigation Satellite System

● Operate 1 sat in 2014

"Qzss-45-0.09" by Tubas - {Systems Tool Kit (STK) - Analytical Graphics Inc www.agi.com}. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg

QZSS orbit operation

● 24h cycle

● 3 orbits

● Good for Asia-Pacific

● Minimum 3 satellites to work

● 4 sat buddged

CC BY-SA 3.0 by Hiroshi FUKUDAhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-01-120s2.gif

Satellites and mapping

Satellites view and accuracy

http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

Japan

HDOP=0.6

http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.htmlHDOP: Horizontal Dilution of Precision

Japan: mask < 30deg

HDOP=0.8

http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

Argentina

HDOP=0.6

http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

Only GPS

HDOP=0.9

http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

GPS: mask < 30deg

sat3 - 8HDOP=1.2

With GLONASSsat6-10HDOP=1.0

http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

Satellites View difference

● Asia/Japan

● 25 – 35 sat

● higher angle

● GLONASS● Beidou● QZSS● GPS

● SA/Argentina

● 21 – 25 sat

● lower angle

● GLONASS● GPS

In Future

● In Asia

● Galileo: 27

● GLONASS: 24

● BEIDOU: 32

● GPS: 32

● QZSS: 7

● IRNNS: 7**

● SBAS: 11***

● 7 systems

● In SA

● Galileo: 27

● GLONASS: 24

● BEIDOU: 32*

● GPS: 32

● SBAS: 11

● 5 systems(*) expand world wide in 2020(**) India (***) Satellite based Augumentation System

Hardware?

● GNSS receiver/tracker (ex Garmin eTrex)

● iPhone (after 4S)

● Android smartphones (see wikipedia)

● Proffesional devices

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_smartphones_supporting_GLONASS_navigation

Accuracy test

● Test device

– (1) DYI receiver● GPS + Beidou + QZSS

– (2) GNS2000 BT-GNSS● GPS+GLONASS+QZSS

● Reference

– Nokia LD-3W(GPS, SiRF III)

GNSS Chips

ManifacturerProduct

channel

track systems note

MediaTekMT3339

66 22 GPS, GLONASSSBAS, QZSS

MediaTekMT3333

99 33 GPS, GLONASS, SBAS, QZSS, BEIDOU,Galileo(*)

GNS2000DYI

CSRSiRF Star V

52 ? GPS, GLONASS, SBAS,QZSS

BroadcomBCM47511

? ? GPS, GLONASS,SBAS, QZSS

iPhone, nexus

Home made receiver

● GNSS module in $50-$100 range.

(*)experimental Beidou support

connect smartphone

● Bluetooth-Serial module

● GNSS receiver sendNMEA-0183 sequence text in 9600, 1, N

● Simply send it to BT-serial

NMEA-0183 sequence$GPGSV,1,1,00*79$BDGSV,1,1,00*68

$GNRMC,000130.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5D

$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C

$GNGGA,000131.289,,,,,0,0,,,M,,M,,*56

$GNGLL,,,,,000131.289,V,N*64

$GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*1E

$BDGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*0F

$GPGSV,1,1,00*79

$BDGSV,1,1,00*68

$GNRMC,000131.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5C

$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C

$GNGGA,000132.289,,,,,0,0,,,M,,M,,*55

$GNGLL,,,,,000132.289,V,N*67

$GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*1E

$BDGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*0F

$GPGSV,1,1,00*79$BDGSV,1,1,00*68

$GNRMC,000132.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5F

$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C

BT-GNSS handy receiver

● 4 parts

1. GNSS module

2. BT module

3. Power supply module(3.3V)

4. Battery: Li-ION(3V)

● Cost: 14,000JPY ( 130USD)

● ex. GNS2000 by GNS GmbH, Germany

● GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Galileo(*), SBAS

● iOS, Android, PC

BT-GNSS receiver

Bluetooth GNSS for OSM

● Simple Android App

● GPLv3 licensed

● https://github.com/miurahr/bluegnss4osm

● Not (yet) on Google Play and/or F-droid

Application images

● TODO

– Design improvement

– Test on android versions

– Test with many receiver● How to join development

– as usual in github

– fork, modify and push

Simple accuracy test

Beidou/GPSused 24 sat

Drifted to southbut good accuracy

GLONASS/GPSused 19sat

errors with building

13, Sept. 2014At Jujo, TokyoBuilding < 5 floorswidth of road 〜7m

Simple Compare : GPS only

Low accuracyHDOP 1.3-5.04-8 sat used

GPSreceiverSiRF III

Difference?

● There is no big difference?

– GPS only

– GPS+GLONASS

– GPS+BEIDOU+QZSS● Accuracy improvement to „Meter“ order

TODO: Further study

● How to precise positioning to mapping?

– Accuracy: cm order

(ordinal receiver: meter order)● It should be handy for casual mappers

– Low price, easy to use.

– Other than professional device?

TODO: GNSS library

● Free Software for Precision Positioning

● GNSS-SDRLIB(Software Defind Radio library)

– Process GNSS radio wave directly

– https://github.com/taroz/GNSS-SDRLIB

TODO: RTK software

● RTKLIB(Open Source Program Package for GNSS Positioning)

– http://www.rtklib.com/

– sub - meter positioning support

– Google play: RTKGPS+ (Android frontend of RTKLIB)● goGPS project

– http://www.gogps-project.org/

– improve the positioning accuracy of low-cost (single-frequency) GPS devices by RTK technique

● Hardware: Android tab + DYI receiver?

wrap up

● Changes mapping way

● Precise mapping on survey

● Growing satellites numbers

● Products already support GLONASS

● Simple test with DYI receiver and App

SotM Japan 2014

13, December 2014 @ Tokyo University

Thanks/contact/reference

● OSMFJ

http://osmf.jp/

● SotM JP 2014

https://stateofthemap.jp/

● OSM Japan

https://openstreetmap.jp/

● Facebookhttps://www.facebook.com/groups/158469420871592/

● Emailtalk-ja ML

general contactinfo@osmf.jpmiurahr@osmf.jp

● RTKLIB/GNSS-SDRLIB

http://www.rtklib.com/

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