how to evaluate, optimize and minimize waste generation · what is net zero waste? • reduce,...

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 1 04 OCT 2017

How to Evaluate, Optimize and Minimize Waste Generation

Zero Waste

Amy Solana

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 2 04 OCT 2017

What is Net Zero Waste?

• Reduce, reuse, and recover solid waste streams, converting them to valuable resources, with zero landfill over the course of a year.

– Biosolids are included.

– Hazardous waste is excluded.

– Waste can be “recovered” in a waste-to-energy (WTE) facility, but byproducts (including ash) must ATTEMPT to be recycled.

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 3 04 OCT 2017

Net Zero for Army Reserve

2012: Army Net Zero Initiative

NZ energy, water, and/or waste at Army installations, including

- Fort Hunter Liggett (energy, waste)

- Parks Reserve Forces Training Area (energy)

- Fort Buchanan (water)

2013: Army Reserve Center Pilot Program

NZ energy, water, AND waste at each site

10 Reserve Centers representing all regions and facility types

2014: Army Net Zero Policy

Requires implementation of cost-effective NZ energy, water, and waste measures

All permanent CONUS and OCONUS sites maintained or operated with Federal funds

Army Reserve NZ objectives are in alignment with policy guidelines

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 4 04 OCT 2017

Pilot Program Results Summary

• 83% average waste reduction/diversion potential from recommended measures

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 5 04 OCT 2017

Net Zero Waste Results by Site

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 6 04 OCT 2017

WTE and Reserve Center Locations

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 7 04 OCT 2017

Common Waste Recommendations

• Waste management program – Establish a waste lead and diversion plan – Communicate with and educate personnel – Establish on-site waste diversion infrastructure – Track progress

• Source reduction – Electronic hand dryers in bathrooms (eliminate paper towels) – Reusable utensils and dishes (if practical to run dishwasher)

• Diversion – Recycling – increase current recycling and partner with new companies for

additional materials – Composting – small residential units typically sufficient

• Waste-to-energy – Off-site, community WTE plants (insufficient waste for on-site plants)

• Additional opportunities – Source assessment – what materials are used on-site and thrown away – Waste characterization – what types of waste and how much end up in the

dumpsters – New diversion outlets – identify other companies for diversion opportunities

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 8 04 OCT 2017

Success Story

• Problem: American Samoa under boil water notice since 2010 due to E. coli detection

• Solution: UV filtration unit purchased, to be used with water buffalos (reusable water containers for soldiers)

• Savings: ~1,200 cases of bottled water annually (~$17,000/yr)

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 9 04 OCT 2017

Pilot Program Outcome

• More data is needed!

– Developed recycling surveys

• Data from recycling profile surveys is helping

– Refine net zero assessment results

– Direct next steps in purchasing needed equipment

• Recycling equipment for 88th RSC and 9th MSC

– Funding being pursued

– Priority for NZ sites

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 10 04 OCT 2017

What Can You Do?

• Consider availability of on- and off-site waste diversion services – Equipment donation – Recycling – Composting – Waste-to-energy

• Identify operational opportunities – Site personnel understand daily operations best – What can be changed (purchase less packaging)? – Behavioral changes are essential

• Pursue projects (refer to assessments) • Obtain alternative sources/methods

– Look for opportunities in local community • Volunteer organizations • Partnering to develop larger, economic projects

• Identify additional sites to be evaluated for NZ waste potential

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 11 04 OCT 2017

Net Zero Policy Implementation

• Unfunded mandate – Use improved management practices

– Use existing programs and resources and alternative financing

• Develop life-cycle cost analyses to show cost-effectiveness – Utilize CEWWE results where available

• Report accurately – SWARWeb used for ARIMD reporting requirements

• Take advantage of training provided in existing Energy/Water/Waste Managers Workshops

• Adapt net zero pilot best practices for site-specific use (Army and Army Reserve sites) – Shared on monthly calls

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 12 04 OCT 2017

Amy Solana

Net Zero Lead, ARIMD

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

amy.solana@pnnl.gov

(503) 417-7568

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 13 04 OCT 2017

BACKUP SLIDES

Leadership. Energy. Execution. UNCLASSIFIED / FOUO 14 04 OCT 2017

Official Army Net Zero Installation Policy

Army Directive 2014-02 February 2014

• Requires implementation of cost-effective net zero energy, water, and waste measures – Army Reserve net zero objectives are in alignment with policy

guidelines

• Requires continual evaluation for new technologies / economics

• Requires gaining local, regional, national support

• Complements and exceeds existing reuse/reduction requirements

• Includes all permanent, CONUS and OCONUS Army Reserve facilities operated/maintained by Federal funds