how to give a presentation

How to give a good presentation?

By

Khaled Mokhtar

MD Urology

Ain-Shams University

Presentation. so what? and who cares?

Hundreds of presentations, ……few are memorized …….and many are forgotten.

So

Presentation is an art that we should master

“Great speakers aren’t born, they are trained.”

Presenting is a Skill…

Developed through experience

and training.

Value of your presentation

For e.g. In a conference

20 minutes talk X 300 doctors (Audience) = 100 hours doctor’s time

1 hour of a professional doctors ? pounds

?? pounds

Types of presentations we are encountered with:

Lectures

Tutorials

Prelabs

Seminars

Conferences

The items to be dealt with include:

1- Components of presentation.

2- Effective presentation techniques.

3- Creating effective visual aids.

4- Common problems

Good Presentation must be:

Purposeful

Audience based

Clear

Concise

Well organized

I-Components of the Presentation

I-Components of the Presentation

1. The Audience

2. The Subject

3. The Material

1-The Audience

Undergraduate

Post-graduate

Professionals

• Fashion your presentation based on your audience • Don’t underestimate the intelligence of the audience

1-The Audience

Assess Your Audience

– “Success depends on your ability to reach your audience.”

– Size

– Knowledge Level

– Motivation

2-The Subject

Choose the subject that you are interested in.

Identify your goal of presentation informative

persuasive

Challenging

The speaker should be

Honest

Enthusiastic

3-The Speaker

Feel that you are delivering a MESSAGE

Before you start … Get Ready

Get ready and Collect your data.

Rehearse and rehearse in a time frame.

Plan to rehearse your

presentation out loud at least 4 times.

Be yourself.

Organizing Your Presentation..

Organizational Patterns

Topical

Chronological

Problem/Solution

Cause/Effect

Fear

Feared More Than Death!

The symptoms: Frequent swallowing, trembling, Shaky hands, blushing cheeks, memory loss, nausea, and knocking knees

NORMAL! Control it …. Don’t fight it..

You should worry when these symptoms stay away

How to proceed in the presentation?

3 Phases:

Opening your presentation

Proceeding in Your Presentation

Ending your Presentation

The structure of a good presentation:

10%

80% 10%

• Start broad, get specific, and end broad. • This is typical for a professional level.

Almost everyone listens at the beginning. This is THE MOMENT to make clear the value of your presentation.

Phase 1:

Opening your presentation

…Be Careful

Audience attention curve

Opening Your Presentation

Introduce Yourself.

Use an Attractive slide

Start slowly.

– Humor

– Short Story

Give an overview of your topic.

Define, Introduce clearly the aim of your Topic.

Phase 2:

Proceed in your Presentation

1. Determine Main Points.

2. Give Supporting Evidence (REFERENCE..).

3. Don’t use abnormal words.

4. Group together what belongs together (DO NOT BE REDUNDANT).

5. Get Feedback.

6. Do not try to tell every thing.

Remind your audience with the goal of your presentation.

Give intermediate conclusions to re- establish the bonds with the audience.

If your presentation is long .. Try to break it into several sections.

Phase 2:

Proceed in your Presentation

• The impact of inadequate planning, rehearsal and lack of organization on the audience

Inform audience that you’re about to close.

Summarize main points take home message

“Tell them What You Told them.”

Phase 3:

Ending your Presentation Concluding Your Presentation

• Audience attention increases as you signal the end of the talk –

Get strong closing Take advantage from the curve

II- Effective Presentation Techniques

Presentation Style

1. Vocal Techniques – Loudness

– Rate

– Pause

Emphasize your ideas by using the pause, tone and loudness.

Get a moment of silence before starting an important phrase.

Presentation Style

2. Body Language

Eye Contact,

gesture,

Posture.

Movement.

Presentation Style

• Body language by famous politicians

Common Problems

Verbal fillers “Um”, “uh”, “yaani”, “assl”

Hands in pockets or giving the audience your back

Lip smacking.

Inappropriate movement (too much, hiding the

presentation, or not clear to the audience…..) .

Laser pointer on text, only on diagrams tables and photos.

Failure to be audience-centered

III-Creating Effective Visual Aids.

Creating Your Slides

Visual Aids… the role

Improve understanding

Add strength to the text

Illustrate and simplify complex ideas

Creating Effective Visual Aids.

An effective slide should be understood in 5 seconds. eg. road advertisement, the passenger riding 60 km/h

PowerPoint basics:

1. What font to use

Type size should be 18 points or larger:

18 point

20 point

24 point

28 point

36 point

* References can be in 14 point font

PowerPoint basics:

1. What font to use:

Arial vs. Arial bold

Comic Sans vs. Comic Sans bold

Times New Roman vs. Times New Roman bold

AVOID USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERS BECAUSE IT’S REALLY HARD TO READ!

PowerPoint basics:

1. What font to use:

PowerPoint basics:

2. Color

Dark letters against a light background

work for

smaller rooms and for teaching

Light letters against a dark background also work in a large

room..

PowerPoint basics:

2. Color

PowerPoint basics:

2. Color

Avoid red-green combinations because a large fraction of the human population is red-green colorblind.

Lots of people can’t read this – and even if they could, it makes your eyes hurt.

Other color combinations can be equally bad:

PowerPoint basics:

2. Color

1. No more than two lines each text. 2. No more than 7 lines per slide. 3. No more than 7 words in the line

PowerPoint basics:

3. Layout

The reason for limiting text blocks to two lines is that when the text block goes on and on forever, people in the audience are going to have to make a huge effort to read the text, which will preclude them from paying attention to what you are saying. Every time you lose their focus, your presentation suffers!

PowerPoint basics:

3. Layout

Avoid sublists! • Item 1

- Item 1a - Item 1b - Item 1c

• Item 2 - Item 2a - Item 2b • Item 3

PowerPoint basics:

3. Layout

Human Sperm-Oocyte Interaction

Figure 3. Stages of human fertilization. Spermatozoa swim through the surrounding medium and cumulus mass (not shown) and bind to the surface of the zona pellucida. The acrosome reaction is stimulated by zona proteins and the acrosome reacted sperm penetrates the zona, enters the perivitelline space and binds to the oolemma via the equatorial segment. Oocyte processes surround the sperm head and it enters the ooplasm and decondenses. Infertility could result from defects of any of these processes. For example, abnormal sperm particularly with defective head morphology bind poorly to the zona.

PowerPoint basics:

3. Layout Complicated slides to be understood

(One photo is better than 5 text slide)

CaThere are other causes of death .. Other than p

PowerPoint basics:

3. Style

Use diagrams, graphs ….they are easy to understand Limit the use of tables Use the animation properly….. To a professional level only

PowerPoint basics:

3. Style

Limit the number of items on each slide. Each slide should contain just one idea. Each slide should have a title.

PowerPoint basics:

3. Style

Effective Presentations

Control Anxiety – Don’t Fight It

Audience Centered

Accomplishes Objective

Fun For Audience

Fun For You

Conducted Within Time Frame

Seven Deadly Sins

1- Not audience based.

2- Unclear purpose.

3- Lack of organization.

4- Unnecessary information.

5- Monotonous voice and sloppy speech.

6- Unnecessary, or inappropriate visual aids.

7- Reading your talk. (it is much faster than natural speech)

Remember that … “you are the presentation not the PowerPoint”

IV-Problematic situations

Student with bad manners:

a) Ignore him

b) Give a strong warning

c) Be firm and order him/her to leave

d) Humiliate him/her

A question that you don’t know the answer to:

a) Try to answer using your basic knowledge

b) Be clear and announce that you don’t know and that you will check the text

c) Say that you are busy and make an appointment

Equipment failure

a) Cancel the lecture

b) Reorganize the lecture (use a projector, board, or just the mic.)

c) Change the way of the lecture e.g. In questions and answers or revision

Always have backup … a bad backup is better than no backup at all

(extra flash memory, CD, own laptop….)

Other problems

Design Final Touch:

Ahmad Al-Sabbagh

March 2012*