how to start poultry farming, feed manufacturing, hatchery
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8/17/2019 How to Start Poultry Farming, Feed Manufacturing, Hatchery
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How to StartPoultry Farming ,
FeedManufacturing,
Hatchery
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Introduction
Dietary habits of people have changedover the last few decades. Growingconsciousness for protein rich food hasgiven an impetus to both the dairyindustry and poultry farming. Today, thedairy industry is a large organizedsector with both private andgovernment participation whereas
poultry farming has indicated a rapidgrowth of 20% in the past few decadesas well. oultry is one of the fastest
growing segments of the agriculturalsector in !ndia toda .
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The production of agricultural crops hasbeen rising at a rate of #.$ to 2 % per
annum that of eggs and broilers has beenrising at a rate of to #0 % per annum.&rom a bac'yard hobby it has culminatedinto an industry. The venture has largelybeen entrepreneurial and poultry farmersprefer to target their e(orts to breeding )broiler farming for sale of ready broilersor layer farming for eggs. oultry is thesecond most widely eaten meat in theworld, accounting for about *0% of meat
production world wide.
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Dairy plants process the raw mil' theyreceive from farmers so as to e+tend its
mar'etable life. !ndia has only a fewspecialized dairy farms. !t is theproduction that characterizes the dairyindustry. !ndia is the worlds highest mil'producer and all set to become theworlds largest food factory. Dairying isan important source of subsidiaryincome to small marginal farmers andagricultural labourers. The manure fromanimals provides a good source of
organic matt er for improving soil
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-ince agriculture is mostly seasonal,there is a possibility of nding
employment throughout the year formany persons through dairy farming. Thus, dairy also provides employmentthroughout the year. The mainbene ciaries of dairy programmes aresmall marginal farmers and landlesslabourers. Developments in the dairy andpoultry industries during the last decadehave been important enough to bring outa considerable amount of materials on
dairy and poultr y farming/ processing of
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The ma or contents of the boo' aredairy farming, poultry production,breeding, fertility, forage grass andconcentrates, cow behavior andhealth, manufacture of butter andcheese, process measurements andcontrols, components of poultry dietsetc. This boo' also describes about the
feed manufacturing process, butterand cheese manufacturing processeswith diagrams, housing system and
management of broilers and more.
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The rst boo' of its 'ind which
covers complete details of dairy andpoultry farming, processing how tofeed cows, birds in dairy and poultry,
'ind of diseases and their cure andother information related farming. This boo' will be an invaluableresource to dairy and poultrytechnology, institutions and forthose who want to venture in this
eld.www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Table of Contents
1. airy Farming
1anagement of Dairy -toc're natal and ost natal
3eaning4are of 3eaned 4alf &eeding -chedule for 4alves on 4alf starters
&actors 5(ecting 1aturity4are During arturitionost parturition 4are
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&re6uency of 4alving-ecretion of 1il'&actors !n7uencing -ecretion4omposition of 1il'3ater
&at4asein5lbuminGlobulin
8on protein 8itrogenous -ubstances
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9actose1inerals:nzymes and ;itamins1il' &lavours;ariation in the 4omposition of 1il'
roperties of 1il'-peci c GravityDensity<efractive !nde+
;iscosity-urface Tension
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&reezing oint=eat -tability of 1il'
Testing of 1il'1il' -ampling1il' fat5dulteration of 1il'>rea5mmonium -ulphateGlucose
&reezing oint of Test
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?acteriology of 1il'ublic =ealth 5spects of 1il' and 1il'roducts
Detection of ?acterial 4ontamination>se of Detergents for 4leaning of >tensils4leaning !n place @4! A3ashing and -terilization of >tensils
Budging the Cuality of 1il'4!ot on boilingTest.
5lcohol Test.
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1ethylene ?lue <eduction Testrocessing of 1il'
4ooling 1edia-torage of 4hilled 1il'4lari cation of 1il'=omogenization
-tandardization of 1il'asteurization=older 1ethod.=igh Temperature -hort Time @=T-TA 1ethod.
peration of the lant.
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4old -torage>perization rocess
5septic &illing rocess-terilized 1il'-upply of 1il' to 4ustomersDispensing in 4ans.
Dispensing in ?ottles-ingle -ervice 4ontainers-torage of ?ottle 1il'
Transport of asteurized 1il'1il' roducts4ream
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4ream -eparatorsasteurization of 4ream
;acreation-terilized 4ream4urd @D5=!A-tarter 4ultures?utterDesi ?utter4reamery ?utter
Gheerestrati cation 1ethod
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1anufacture of ?utter oil4ondensed 1il'1il' owder!nfant &ood3eaning &ood=umanized !nfant &oodEhoya!ce cream-ofty !ce cream
1il' -ha'e9assi
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5cidophilus 1il'4hhana
4heeserocessed 4heese-hri'hand9actose
4asein1il' -upply -chemes!ndian Dairy 4orporation
peration &lood ro ect1ar'eting of 1il' and 1il' roducts
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<esearch in Dairying!ndigenous 1il' roducts
3hey rotein !solatesDairy :ngineering <esearch
2. ?reeding?reeds of 4attle9yre =orned Grey 4attleEan'reEanwariyaEherigarh
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1alvi Tharpar'ar
3hite or 9ight Grey 4attle 3ith 4oFn -haped-'ulls?achaurGaolao
=arianaErishna ;alley1ewati8agauri
ngole<athi
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5nimals with =eavy ?uilt and 4urly =ornsDangiDeoniGir8imari<ed -indhi
-ahiwal1ysore ?reeds with rominent &oreheads and9ong =orns=alli'ar
5mritmahalEhillari
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Eangayam5lambadi=illy ?reeds
onwar-iri8ew ?reeds
Earan -wissEaran &ries?reeds of ?u(aloes1urrah
?hadawari Ba(arabadi-urti
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1ehsana8agpuri
8ili <avi=erd ?oo':eonomic ones
Temperate =imalayan <egion
Dry 8orthern <egion3et :astern <egion-outhern <egion4oastal <egion!mprovement rogramme
erformance :valuation
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5rtti cal !nsemination and :mbryo Transfer Technology1eat otential:conomics of Dairy &arming5nimal =ealth&eeding of 4attle
1ineral 1atter8utritive <e6uirements of Dairy 4attle for1aintenance8utritive <e6uirements for Growing 5nimals
<e6uirements for 1il' roduction8utrient <e6uirements for 3or' 4attle
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". #reeding and Fertility!nheritance-ystems of ?reeding
ractical 5pplication9arge scale ?reeding:valuating a ?ull for 5!
4hoosing an 5! -ire The estrus 4ycle=eat Detection
ostpartum !nterval
4onception <ate4ontrol of estrusedigree 4attle
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:mbryo Transplants4ulling
$. Cow #eha%iour and HealthGrazing and :ating<uminating and 9ying Down3al'ing and ther 5ctivities-ocial <an'8ormal =ealthDung
ther !ndicators1il' Hield
reventive 1edicine
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1astitis4ell 4ounts4ontrol =ygiene-ummer 1astitis1il' &everGrass -taggers
5cetonaemia?loat9ameness1etabolic ro le Test
&. Feeding airy Cows&ood 4onstituents
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rganic 1atterDigestionDigestibility
roducts of Digestion>tilization of Digested roducts&ood :nergy
Dry matter !nta'e!ndigestible rganic 1atter9iveweight 4hanges8ew rotein -ystem
&eeding5llocation of 4oncentrates1inerals
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;itamins<elative &eed 4osts
'. Forage Cro!s and Concentrates-ucculent &odders
Turnips and -wedes
1angolds, &odder ?eet and -ugar ?eet4arrots, arsnips and otatoesEale4abbages and <ape
<oot Tops4ereals&orage 1aize
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<ed 4loverGrass and &orage 4rops4omparative Hields-traw-traw rocessing4oncentrated &oods:nergy -traights
rotein -traights4oncentrate &ormulation&ats and ils
>rea and ?iuret?loc's and 9i6uid &eeds?rewersI Grains
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(. Hay and ried )rass=ay 1a'ing?arn =ay Drying=ay Cuality and &eeding=ay I4onditionI
Types of =ay
5rti cially Dried GrassDried grass &eedingDried Grass and -ilage
*. Silage-ilage &ermentation63ilting
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4hopping5dditives&illing and -ealing-ilage Cuality-ilage &eeding
Tower -ilage
?ig ?ale -ilage-ilage :Juent
+. Slurry
4omposition of -lurry The 9egal osition1oving -lurry
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-lurry -torage-hort term -torage9ong term -torage
:arth walled 4ompounds&oul <un o( -eparators
rganic !rrigation
#0. 1il'ing and 1il'ing 1achines>dder 5natomy9actation hysiology<ate and &re6uency of 1il'ing1il'ing 1achines
The 4luster 5ssembly
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4onveying the 1il'roducing 4lean 1il'
4ooling and -toring 1il'
1aintenance and Testing The 1achine and 1il'ing :Fciency1il'ing 1achines and 1astitis
11. Mil ing Parlours and Cowsheds-tatic arlours<otary arlours4owsheds:lements of the 3or' <outine
arlour erformance
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-electing a arlourarlour and Dairy ?uildings
4ow 1arshalling
1-. ece!tion and Storage of Mil 1il' <eception1il' Transport Tan's
4onstruction of Transport Tan's!nner 4onstruction-torage Tan's-ilo Tan'<efrigerated -torage Tan'
rocess Tan's
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5septic Tan'
1". Mil Com!osition
1il' 4onstituents:(ect of ?reed5ge of 4ow-tage of 9actation and -eason
Type of &ood:(ect of :nergy and rotein1il'ing !ntervalsDiseaseCuality ayment -chemes
Taints and &lavours
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Eeeping Cuality of 1il'1il' in the Diet
1$. Manufacture of #utter and Cheese?utter 1anufacture4hurning1ethods of ?utter 1a'ing
?atch 1ethod4ontinuous 1ethod&ritz :isenreich rocess5lfa rocess4ontimab rocess5nhydrous 1il' &at
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4heese 1anufacture4heese ;ats4heese ress4ooling1echanised 4heesema'ing4urd roductionIDouble I ;at
asilac 4heesema'ing ;at-wiss 4heese ;atDe wheying and Te+ture &ormingDraining 1atting 4onveyor
&inishing 4oolers4urd <ecovery -ystems
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repressing and 1ould &illingressing
=orizontal 4reeping or Gang ress;ertical ress;acuum ress4ontinuous ?loc' &ormer
ac'aging
;acuum ac'aging 1achineGas 7ushing 1achine;acuum -'in ac'aging 1achine>ltra &iltration1anufacture of 4asein
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1&. Mil Pasteuri/ationasteurization vs. -terilization
<easons for pasteurization The Time and Temperature used for asteurization4ommercial 1ethods of asteurization
The :Fciency of asteurization-ome other :(ects of asteurization
1'. Mil Sterilisation!n bottle -terilization?atch -terilization
>=T rocessing
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!ndirect =eating -ystems using late =eat:+changersDirect =eating @!n ection -ystem TypeA
&ouling of =eat :+changers&ouling 1aterial3ays to <educe &ouling
1(. Creaming and Cream Se!aration The 1easurement of 4reaming 5bility The !mportance of 4reaming=ow &ast can 4ream <ise on 1il'K
The &ormation of 4lusters1ethods of -eparation
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The e(ect of separation temperature
1*. 0actose and the Carbohydrates
The !mportance of the 4arbohydrates The 4omposition of the 4arbohydrates-ome roperties of the -ugars9actose
ther 4arbohydrates in 1il'
1+. 0actose and 0actic cid9actic 5cid roduction
The 1anufacture of 9actose>ses of 9actose
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-ome hysiological roperties of 9actose
-2. Casein The 1anufacture of 4asein-ome roperties of 4ommercial 4asein
4oated apers4asein Glues4asein aints4asein lastics4asein &ibers4asein in 1edicine and 8utrition
ther uses for 4asein
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-1. Ice3Cream The !mportance of the !ce cream !ndustry The 4omposition of !ce 4ream The !ngredients of !ce 4ream The 1anufacture of !ce 4ream
verrun and Dipping 9osses-ome Defects of !ce 4ream
--. #utter The 9ocation of the ?utter !ndustry The Grading of ?utter
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The 4omposition of ?utter The 1anufacture of ?utter5ccelerated 5ging Tests?utter -ubstitutes
-". Homogeni/ation:(ects roduced by =omogenization
=omogenizing 1achinery The operation of =omogenizers The :(ect of =omogenization upon ;arious roducts5dvantages and Disadvantages of =omogenization
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4omposition and the :(ects of =omogenization
-$. The Minor Constituents of Mil &atli'e -ubstances-ome hysical and 4hemical roperties of 9ecithin
The !mportance of 9ecithin The -terols
The ;itamins?eta 4arotene and ;itamin 5
Thiamin, ;itamin ?#5scorbic 5cid, ;itamin 4
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;itamin D<ibo7avin, ;itamin ?2 or G
ther ;itamins of 1il'
The 5sh 4onstituents of 1il' The :nzymes of 1il'hosphatase
5mylaseero+idase
9ipaseleinasether :nzymes
-ome 8itrogenous 4onstituents of 1il'
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-ome dds and :nds
-&. Proteins The !mportance of the roteins The 4omposition of the roteins-ome roperties of the roteins
The -tructure of the roteins The 5mino 5cids
-'. The Fats of Mil The 4omposition of 1il' &at
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-ome hysical roperties of 1il' &at
The 1elting and -olidi cation oints of 1il' &at.-ome &actors 5(ecting the 4omposition of &at4hemical 4hanges in 1il' &at&actors 5(ecting the =ydrolysis of &at
The +idation of &at
-(. Process Measurements and Controlsressure 1easurement
?ourdon Tube
=eli+
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-pirals9ow ressure @;acuum 1easurementAL >nits ofvacuum
Temperature 1easurement-olid <od Thermometer?imetallic Thermometer&illed -ystem Thermometer
9i6uid in Glass Thermometerressure Thermometer Thermal -ystem ?ulbs1echaical &lowmeters?ellows actuated &lowmeters1easurement of Total &low
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1easurment of 9i6uid 9evel=ydrostatic ressure4apacitance 9evel Gage3eight 1easurment4ontrollers
neumatic 4ontrollers4ontrollers
rocess 4ontrol Transmitters&low TransmitterDensity Transmitter
<egulating Device
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-*. Physical Pro!erties of airy ProductsDensity
ver run?oiling and &reezing oint<efractive !nde+5cidity and =<heological roperties
;iscosity8on 8ewtonian &luids&ood Te+ture-urface roperties&oaming
Thermal roperties of &oods
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-peci c =eat9atent =eat
Thermal 4onductivity
Thermal Di(usivity:lectrial and Dielectric roperties:lectric 4onductanceDielectric roperties4hanges in 1il' and its 4onstituents4hanges During -torage
+idation of &at+idation of rotein
9ipolysis
:(ect of =eat Treatment
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&atrotein
:nzymes9actose;itamins1inerals
-+. Poultry Production4ommon oultry ?reeds5merican 4lass5siatic 4lass1editerranean 4lass:nglish 4lass
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!ndigenous ?reedsEara'nathGenetic rinciplesCuantitative 4haractersDominant and <ecessive 4haracters4hromosomes!nheritance of Cuantitative Traits
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4ulling for ?etter <eturns4ulling from utward 5ppearance4ulling on the ?asis or 1oulting4ulling on the ?asis of igmentation=atching of :ggs!ncubation
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5nimal rotein -ources:conomising &eeds 4ost
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"1. 4utrient e5uirements of Poultry8utrition of 9ayer type 4hic'ens
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?rooder Guards-upply of 3ater to 4hic's-upply of &eed to 4hic's9ight 1anagement of ?roilers9ight -ystem for ?roilers-ome !mportant oints <egarding Growth, &eed4onsumption and :Fciency of &eed 4onversion in
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"+. Modern Hatchery for Commercial ChicProduction9ocation and -ize of =atchery5dministrative ?loc'=atchery ?uilding:gg <eceiving, 4leaning and &umigation <oom&umigation 4hamber
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Dor'ing!ndian breeds5seel4hittagongEada'nath4ommercial ?roilers
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