hypermedia for the ios developer - swipe 2012
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PlayUp Pty Ltd
Kevin O’Neill
Network Connectedhypermedia for the iOS developer
SWIPE CONFERENCE 2012
Roadmap
• Some background
• Introduction to hypermedia
• Consuming a hypermedia API
• Bit’s and Pieces
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CTO PlayUp
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Blood
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This will be an introduction
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Opinionated
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ReST
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It’s been mutated to the point of being meaningless
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CRUD = ReST
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URL Patterns = REST
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http://example.com/products/<id>
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Well No
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Hypermedia API’s
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The Good
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Loose Coupling
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Simplicity / Uniformity
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Scale better
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The Bad
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Not the most succinct form
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Cache invalidation is hard
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It takes more thought
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What is a hypermedia API
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Use HTTP Properly*
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Use links to guide clients through processes
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"REST is software design on the scale of decades: every detail is intended to promote software longevity and independent evolution.
Many of the constraints are directly opposed to short-term ef!ciency. Unfortunately, people are
fairly good at short-term design, and usually awful at long-term design." - Roy Fielding
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Consuming a Hypermedia API
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{ "title": "Raiders vs Bulldogs", "short_title": "RAI vs BUL",
"scheduled_start_time": "2012-‐08-‐24T09:35:00Z", "start_time": "2012-‐08-‐24T09:35:00Z", "end_time": "2012-‐08-‐24T12:24:54Z", "clock": { "summary": "2ND 61:56", "minutes": 61, "seconds": 56, "period": 2 },
...
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Content-‐Type
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Content-‐Type
application/json
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Content-‐Type
application/vnd.example.contest.rugby_league+json
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Strategy
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@protocol HTTPResponseHandler <NSObject>
-‐ (void)handle:(NSHTTPURLResponse *)response forRequest:(id <RequestToken>)request;
@end
@interface RegistryHandler : NSObject <HTTPResponseHandler>
-‐ (void)registerHandler:(id<HTTPResponseHandler>)handler for:(id<TypeMatcher>)matcher;
@end
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Errors
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"scores": [ { "total": 34, "summary": "34", "team": { ":href": "http://example.com/teams/569", ":type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+json" ":links" [ { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.xml" "type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml" }, { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.html" "type": "text/html" }
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"scores": [ { "total": 34, "summary": "34", "team": { ":href": "http://example.com/teams/569", ":type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+json" ":links" [ { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.xml" "type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml" }, { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.html" "type": "text/html" }
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"scores": [ { "total": 34, "summary": "34", "team": { ":href": "http://example.co/t/d/dogs.json", ":type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+json", ":links" [ { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.xml" "type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml" }, { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.html" "type": "text/html" }
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Versioning and Alternates
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"scores": [ { "total": 34, "summary": "34", "team": { ":href": "http://example.com/teams/569", ":type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+json", ":links" [ { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.xml" "type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml" }, { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.html" "type": "text/html" }
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Accept
application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml
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Accept
application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml,*/*
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"scores": [ { "total": 34, "summary": "34", "team": { ":href": "http://example.com/teams/569", ":type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+json", ":links" [ { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.xml" "type": "application/vnd.example.sport.team+xml" }, { "rel": "alternate", "href": "http://example.com/teams/569.html" "type": "text/html" }
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NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url]; [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"]; [request addValue:@"text/html,*/*" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
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Caching
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NSURLCache *sharedCache = [[NSURLCache alloc] initWithMemoryCapacity:kMemoryCacheSize diskCapacity:kDiskCacheSize diskPath:cache_path]; [NSURLCache setSharedURLCache:sharedCache];
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ETag"9461cf5ecc0f4df6e880ce76479aba90"
Cache-‐Controlmax-‐age=15, public
VaryAccept-‐Language
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NSMutableURLRequest *request = ...
[request setValue:etag forHTTPHeaderField:@"If-‐None-‐Match"];
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NSMutableURLRequest *request = ...
[request setValue:etag forHTTPHeaderField:@"If-‐None-‐Match"];
[request setCachePolicy: NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData];
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static NSUInteger calc_timeout(NSHTTPURLResponse *response) { NSUInteger new_timeout = k_default_expires; NSString *cache_control = [[response allHeaderFields] valueForKey:@"Cache-‐Control"]; if (nil != cache_control) { NSRange maxage_range = [cache_control rangeOfString:@"max-‐age="]; if (maxage_range.location != NSNotFound) { NSString *timeout_str = [cache_control substringFromIndex:NSMaxRange(maxage_range)]; NSRange comma_range = [timeout_str rangeOfString:@","]; if (NSNotFound != comma_range.location) { timeout_str = [timeout_str substringToIndex:comma_range.location]; } new_timeout = (NSUInteger)[timeout_str integerValue]; } } return new_timeout;}
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Bits and Pieces
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Test from other countries
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Charles is your friend
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HTTPShouldUsePipelining
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gzip encoding is your friend
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Proxies Screw You
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Kevin O’NeillCTO - PlayUp
kevin@playup.com@kevinoneill
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