iec 62056 dlms/cosem
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14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
1
IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM –
How to accommodate new requirements while
maintaining interoperability
Győző Kmethy - President
DLMS User Association
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
2
Presentation program
• DLMS/COSEM snapshot
• The smart metering landscape
• Smart metering requirements: similarities and
differences
• International standards and companion specifications
• Purchaser – vendor co-operation - examples
• Conclusion
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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DLMS/COSEM in a nutshell
3. Transporting
C0 01 00 03 01 01 01 08 00 FF 02
2. Messaging
Protocol Services to access
attributes and methods
Communication Protocol
Messages: Service_Id( Class_Id, Instance_Id, Attribute_Id/Method_Id )
Encoding: (APDU)
1. Modeling COSEM Interface Objects
Register 0 ..n Class_id=3, Version=0
Attribute(s) Data Type Min Max Def
1. logical_name (static) octet-string 2. value ( dyn .) instance specific 3. scaler -unit (static) scal _unit_type
Method(s) m/o
1. reset o
• Application data model
• COSEM objects + OBIS
• All energy types
• Communication method independent
• Messaging
• DLMS APDUs - most compact
• Future: XML?
• Transportation
• ISO / IEC / RFC / NIST based communication protocols
• Open international standard IEC / CEN
• Conformance testing
• Globally accepted in all segments
• User support by the DLMS UA
• Stable - an important asset
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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DLMS UA fact sheet
• Formed in 1997
• 136 members (May 2009)
• 5 continents - 51 countries
• from all branches of the
industry
• 105 Certificates (May 2009)
9
1 2
81 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 May
200943
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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The DLMS/COSEM standards
COSEM application layer
Connection DLMS
Messaging
...
COSEM interface object model
OBIS identification system
Data
Tariff
functions
Access
control
Comm.
setup
Class name Cardinality
Attribute(s) Data Type
1. logical_name (static) octet-string 2. ….. (..) ….. 3. …… (..) …..
Specific Method(s) (if required) m/o
1. ….. ….. 2. ….. …..
IEC
62056
-61
-62
-42
-46
-47
-53
IEC
62051-1
EN
13757
Part 1
P
R
O
T
O
C
O
L
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Recent market developments
• IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM selected for the APDRP project
• Companion specification being developed
• IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM, adopted as a Korean standard,
will be the basis of a nationwide smart metering project
• DLMS UA is participant of the EU OPEN Meter project
• IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM is a core standard in the project
• Companion specification being developed to meet
UNI/TS 11291 requirements for gas metering
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Drivers for smart metering / AMI
Political
• energy efficiency
• energy saving
• supply security /
sustainability
• EU energy market
• EU services market
• new technology
culture
Technology
• static meters
• ICT – Information
and communication
technologies merge
Businesss
• operation of the
market
• customer choice
• efficient network
operation
• deferred capacity
investments
• cost reduction
• smart grids
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Smart metering - open standards
• The standard is adopted and will be maintained by a not-for-profit organization (e.g.
ISO/IEC, CEN/CENELEC, ITU, …) and its ongoing development occurs on the basis of
an open decision-making procedure available to all interested parties (consensus or
majority decision etc.).
• The standard has been published and the standard specification document is available
either freely or at a nominal charge. It must be permissible to all to copy, distribute and
use it for no fee or at a nominal fee.
• Quality and level of detail – sufficient to permit the development of a variety of
competing implementations of interoperable products or services. Standardized
interfaces are not hidden, or controlled other than by the standard definition organisation
promulgating the standard.
• The intellectual property - i.e. patents possibly present - of (parts of) the standard is
made irrevocably available on a royalty-free basis.
• There are no constraints on the re-use of the standard
EU definition of Open standards (Used in the OPEN meter project)
IEC 62056 / EN 13757-1 DLMS/COSEM meets these criteria
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Smart metering – commonalities and differences
Common key requirements
• Multi-energy
• Messages for the customer
• Load limitation
• Connect / disconnect for
load & contract management
• Data security
• Firmware upgrade
• Status / Fraud monitoring
Country specific environment
• Market rules and organization
• Proportion of E, G, H meters
• Level of consumption
• Energy prices, labour cost
• Customer density
• Supply networks
• Comm. infrastructures
• Age of meter park
• Non-payment, fraud issues
All projects are different, hence the need for companion specs
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Int’l standards and companion specs
• Int’l standards cover all possible
needs, on what agreement is
reached
– general
– provides choices
– „toolbox”
• Conformance testing tests that
what is implemented works
correctly
• Companion specifications
– project specific
– reduces options,
– specifies project specific elements
that cannot be specified in IS’s
• Examples:
– use of identifiers
– tariff programs
– contents of load profiles
– definition of events / status bits
• Compliance testing verifies that the
required elements are present
• Partnership and co-operation
• Discipline in using the standards
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Companion specification development
Develop use cases
Map to objects
Necessary objects
available?General interest?
Develop specific OBIS
code / interface class
Develop standard OBIS
code / interface class
Add to DLMSUA spec
Add to International
standard
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Use case example: Apply threshold
New COSEM objects: Limiter, Disconnector >> Blue Book 9.0
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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DLMS/COSEM projects – Netherlands
• Project initiated by the government –
– 7 M residential Electricity + 6.5 M Gas meters + small C&I
• Driven by European Energy Efficiency Directive 2006/32/EC
• Rollout by Grid operators (GO)
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Dutch smart metering and the DLMS UA
PDA, Laptop
Electricity meter
Gas meter
Central Access Server
Service Module
DC P2
P0
P1
P3 GPRS, Ethernet
P3.1 PLC
P3.2
• NTA 8130: Minimum requirements by Dutch Standards Institute
• International standardization
• DSMR: use cases, installation and performance requirements
• Companion specifications by Dutch Grid companies
• P1 local port: OBIS + IEC 62056-21
• P2 port, between meters: DLMS/COSEM - M-BUS
• P3 port, between meter and CAS: DLMS/COSEM over PLC / GPRS / Eth.
• New functions: M-Bus client, Firmware upgrade, Load limitation, Disconnect
control, Customer information, Events and Alarms handling
• Advanced data security using cryptographic methods (AES-GCM-128)
P3
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Dutch approach to standards
• Standards are needed for interoperability
• All vendors claim interoperability, yet using different protocols and / or
implementations
• Choice for open standards is evident
• Choosing a (open) protocol is not enough; to facilitate reaching
interoperability a companion specification is required
• Choosing a vendor specific companion specification may lead to
vendor lock-out or biased tenders
• Utilities and meter vendors have to work together to attain an
interoperable solution
– Meter vendors for technical knowledge and to prevent vendor lock-out
– Utilities for functional requirements and making final decisions
• Only labelling as a standard is not enough
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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France – ERDF project
• Mandated by the regulator
• 95% of meters to be replaced by 2016: 35 M meters
• Objectives
– facilitate market opening
– improve efficiency of distribution
– improve demand management
– improve customer satisfaction
• CAPEX: € 4,000 M : € 800 M / year, during 5 years
• 30,000 meters to be installed daily
– largest cost is installation!
• Return estimated: >10 years
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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France – ERDF project
• Pilot project: 300,000 smart meters, 7,000
concentrators
• Winning consortium leader: ATOS Origin
– 3 meter suppliers: Actaris, Iskraemeco, Landis+Gyr
– 3 concentrator suppliers
• Final objective is to replace all 35 M electricity meters
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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French project methodology
• Formulate criteria for data model and protocols
• Select data model / protocol / media
– result: DLMS/COSEM over PLC (S-FSK >> OFDM)
• Issue tender for trials
– select one consortium, including
– at least 3 meter and 3 concentrator vendors, to prove
interchangeability
– specification details being worked out by consortium
• Full scale rollout
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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EDF protocol selection criteria
• Openness
• Standardization
• Stability
• Completeness
• Unicity of encoding
• Expandibility
• Compactness
• Simplicity
• Independence
• Continuation / Durability
• Abstraction
• Modelling
• Self-description
• Selective access
• Usage level /Adoption
• Promoters
• Scalability
• Manageability
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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20
INDUSTRY
• Smart Meter Manufacturers
• Telecommunication industry
• Silicon design & manufacturing
USERS
• Energy operators (retailers)
• Network operators
• Metering operators
R&D, Technology centers
• Comm. protocols, data formats
• Integrated systems
• Compliance tests
POLICY MAKERS
• Regulatory bodies
• Standardization bodies
OPEN meter Open Public Extended Network metering
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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OPEN meter – Work packages
• DLMS UA contributes to Work packages 2 - 6
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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The Italian Gas metering project
• UNI/TS 11291 series specifies general requirements for gas metering
• It also specifies two local protocols: CTE and CTE
• A companion standard is required now to DLMS/COSEM
• Specific challenges due to battery operation and GSM/GPRS communication
• The process of specifying the companion standard fosters common approach to the tasks
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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DLMS/COSEM new elements for smart metering
• Multi-metering: – M-Bus setup objects
• Contract / load management: – Limiter & Disconnector objects
• Firmware upgrade – Image transfer objects
• Customer info, Event handling – new OBIS codes
• Data security – new version of Association class, security setup
• PCL media – new setup objects, SN block transfer, compact array
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Summary
• Interoperability in DLMS/COSEM
– well defined, open standards
– standard mechanism for extensions
– common approach to tasks via co-operation
– self-description: object list, data types, service list,
contexts
– CTT and certification
– additional application tests may be necessary
14th May 2009 Metering Asia
Bangkok, 13-14th May 2009
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Many thanks for your kind attention!
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