if you had a million dollars, what would you spend it on? think about this question and be prepared...

If you had a million dollars, what would you spend it on?

Think about this question and be prepared to share aloud with the class.

Presentation prepared by:

Marilyn ShawUniversity of Northern

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Start early and gather information that you think you

will need.

Think carefully about your topic. Where should you go

to find information about your topic?

Prepare a preliminary list of references.

Be selective about materials that will enhance your own

knowledge and clarify information for your listeners.

Understand your instructor’s specifications for the

assignment.

Take good notes and keep complete information on the

sources.

At some point, “enough is enough.

Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

The Internet as an Information SourceBasic Guidelines

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Author

Publishing Body

Currency

Purpose

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Author or producer?

Reliability of source?

Bias of source?Completeness

and accuracy?

Intended audience?

Currency of source?

Quality of writing?

Webmaster contact info provided?

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Using YourselfThe Interview

Establish the purpose of the interview

Choose the interviewee

Conduct research prior to the interview

Record the interviewPrepare questionsOrganize the interviewOther considerations

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Library Computer SearchMediated Information SourcesThe Reference Department

Suggestions for Doing Research

State a clear purpose before starting your research

Begin your research earlyUse computer searches when possibleMaintain a bibliography of sourcesTake notes

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www.vlib.orgwww.digital-librarian.comwww.loc.gov/rr/index.html

Search engines index the contents of the Web and make it easier for the user to find information.

Individual search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, compile their own databases.

Meta-search engines, such as Mamma.com and Dogpile, scan many individual search engines simultaneously pulling the top, and usually paid listings, from each.

Specialized search engines, or vortals, conduct searches in a particular field. Examples of SSE are GoogleScholar, FindArticles, and WebMD.

Remember that your research is subject to both your ability to do a good search and other factors such as commercial ones:Paid Inclusion and paid placement

When companies want ensure a successful search for them they may pay Google, Yahoo, etc. to guarantee their result ratio

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TestimonyIncreases

trustworthiness

Qualified sources

Believable to the listener

ExamplesBrief

examplesIllustrationsAnalogiesRestatements

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14

Opinions or conclusions of witnesses or recognized authorities add trustworthiness.

The speaker’s own experience can be good testimony.

Two kinds of testimony: Expert and Lay

Brief examples: a specific instance used to introduce a topic, drive home a point, or create a desired impression.

Illustration: a narrative, case history, or anecdote that is striking and memorable. Two types of illustrations: Factual – a report of something that exists or actual happenedHypothetical - report of something that could happen given a specific set of circumstances

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15

Analogy: A comparison of two things that are similar in certain essential characteristics. Two types of analogies:

Figurative – a comparison of things in different categories. Example: “Life is like a river.”

Literal – a comparison of things of the same category. Example: “Birds of a feather…”

Restatement: The expression of the same idea but with different words. “To put it another way…”

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16

DefinitionsLogical definitionOperational definitionDefinition by example

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Logical: a definition consisting of a term’s dictionary definition and the characteristics that distinguish the term from other members of the same category.

Operational: A definition that explains how an object or concept works or lists the steps that make up a process

Definition by example: clarifying a term, not by describing it or giving its meaning, but by mentioning or showing an example of it

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18

Fact: A documented occurrence

Facts are used to give credibility to opinion and clarify statements based on objectively gathered and documented occurrences, such as statistics.

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Statistics are numerical data that show relationships or summarize or interpret many instances.

Frequency: How often a relationship or characteristic occurs – ex. 1 out of 5

Average/Mean: The ‘typical’ occurrence – ex. The average American…

Percentage: A portion of a whole – ex. 50%

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1. Sources must be reliable/neutral2. Explain statistics you are using3. Use sparingly4. Round off large numbers when

possible5. Use visual aids to present

statistics if appropriate/possible

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Check the source – Remember that while statistics are made of numbers that are objective and absolute; the people gathering them can be unreliable.

Do not “cherry- pick”: Do not use only the statistics that reflect your opinion without first acknowledging that there may contradictory ones

Use statistics in their context – statistics are not eternal and are always subject to being updated. They are essentially quantitative captures of a moment in time.

Statistics of populations never reflect the ENTIRE population, only the portion that participated.

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24

Read page 204 titled, “Finding Web Information Sources”

Answer questions 1-5 with a partnerBe prepared to share aloud

Refer to learning webWhat questions do you have for me?WE WILL HAVE OUR MIDTERM THE NEXT

TIME WE MEET FOR CLASS!!!!

Bring:A pencilOne scantron #882