imagine your typical day and what you currently do. now, imagine what happens when you take...

Warm-

• Imagine your typical day and what you currently do.

• Now, imagine what happens when you take electricity away.

• What things could you no longer do because of this invention and what would do instead?

The Start of the Industrial Revolution

Ch. 21.1-2

I. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution (1750 to 1850)

A. Industrial Revolution changed Europe from a mostly agricultural economy to industrialization- work driven by machinery

B. Agricultural Revolution (started 1700)1. New farming inventions, techniques, and new foods

increased food supply and increased population2. Enclosure movement- wealthy farmers created

large, enclosed farms so poor farmers went to cities for work

I. Beginning of the Industrial Revolution (1750 to 1850)

C. Started in Great Britain because it had the four factors of production:1. Land: Lots of coal and iron,

waterways, shipping2. Labor: growing population,

needed work, free to move3. Capital: money for investment4. Entrepreneurs: GB had the

political stability and business friendly environment for risk-takers

II. Cloth Making

A. Textiles were the first major industry1. Gained slave grown

cotton from America2. At first woven into

cloth in homes in cottage industries

II. Cloth MakingA. Inventions

1. Eli Whitney’s cotton gin- removed seeds from cotton

2. James Hargreave’sspinning jenny- spun cotton into threads

3. John Kay’s flying shuttle- weaved yarn into cloth

B. Eventually production moved to large factories, putting cottage industries out of business

Warm-

• What were factory conditions like?Page 641-644

III. Factory System

A. At first, factories were powered by watermills

B. Steam Engine- invented by James Watt, created a new source of power for factories

III. Factory System

C. Entrepreneurs and investors came together to form corporations- businesses owned by a group of people

D. Urbanization- movement to cities people migrated to mill towns or cities for work increase in pollution, disease, crime

III. Factory System

E. Conditions1. Men, women, and

children worked in factories

2. Long hours and dangerous conditions

3. Some workers formed labor unions to get better conditions and pay

– Mill Times Documentary

III. Factory System

F. Mass Production- system of making many identical items1. Machines and

interchangeable parts- identical parts that could easily be fixed or replaced

2. Production increased with the innovation of the assembly line- workers divide their labor so repetitively do a small task in the production process

IV. Spread of the Industrial Revolution

A. Great Britain passed laws to prevent machine technology from spreading

B. Some British entrepreneurs moved to the north of the USA

C. After French Revolution, France and small German states adopted industrialization

IV. Spread of the Industrial Revolution

DBQ

• Once you finish all sources and questions. • Create an outline using the sources to TURN

IN for a grade.

Warm-

• What role does our government (U.S.) play in society? What role do you think government play in society?

Industrial Revolution and Society

Ch. 21.3, 23.1

I. Economic Philosophy

A. Capitalism- advocated by Adam Smith1. No gov’t intervention in

the economy, people guided by self-interest

2. Thomas Malthus believed that population would grow faster than food so poverty was inevitable

I. Economic PhilosophyB. Socialism

1. Society/gov’tcould help control economy in order to benefit all

2. Robert Owen founded a failed utopian society based on socialism

I. Economic PhilosophyC. Communism- radical

socialist ideas of Karl Marx1. Believed that the

workers (proletariat) would rise up in revolution against the ruling class (bourgeoisie)

2. The gov’t should control everything to create equality

Capitalism/Communism Quotes

• The following quotes were said by either Adam Smith (Capitalism) or Karl Marx (Communism).

• Match their names to the quotes on the three next slides.

Capitalism/Communism Quotes1. “The ruling ideas of each age have ever been the

ideas of its ruling class.”2. “It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the

brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest.”

3. “Workers of the world unite; you have nothing to lose but your chains.”

4. “Every man is, no doubt, by nature, first and principally recommended to his own care; and as he is fitter to take care of himself than of any other person, it is fit and right that it should be so.”

Capitalism/Communism Quotes

5. “Sell a man a fish, he eats for a day, teach a man how to fish, you ruin a wonderful business opportunity.”

6. “The real tragedy of the poor is the poverty of their aspirations.”

7. “Every man, as long as he does no violate the laws of justice, is left perfectly free to pursue his own interests his own way, and to bring both his industry and capital into competition with those of any other man, or order of men.”

Capitalism/Communism Quotes8. “From each, according to his ability; to each,

according to his need.”9. “Consumption is the sole end and purpose of

all production; and the interest of the producer ought to be attended to, only so far as it may be necessary for promoting that of the consumer.”

10.“Abolish all private property.”

Warm-Up

• What changes took place in society during the Industrial Revolution?Page 649-651

II. Changes in SocietyA. Increased population

1. Agricultural revolution, more jobs, and better medicine led to a large population increases, esp. in cities

2. Except in Ireland- a Potato Famine led to 1 million starved and 1.5 million emigrated to the USA

II. Changes in Society

B. Social Classes1. New wealth increased

standard of living for all classes because of low-cost goods

2. Middle class developed for managers and merchants

3. Some entrepreneurs became very wealthy dominating new industries- Carnegie (steel), Rockefeller (oil), Vanderbilt (railroads)• Titans of Industry

II. Changes in SocietyC. Daily Life

1. New inventions increased leisure time that was used for sports, entertainment, and art

2. Transportation increased travel and movement

3. Lower class women joined the work force more

II. Changes in Society

D. Education1. Education required

more for children2. Newspapers informed

the public and got them more politically involved

III. British Reform MovementA. Liberals- wanted to

reform society to make it more equal and give more freedoms

B. Conservatives- wanted to keep old order of aristocracy

III. British Reform MovementC. Reform Act of 1832- gave

voting rights to middle-class men

D. Parliament passed a series of Factory Acts that limited working hours and gave education for children and improved factory conditions

E. Parliament abolished slavery in their empire

III. British Reform Movement

F. A series of Voting Acts (1867-1885) extended suffrage (right to vote) to most men

G. Women did not gain suffrage until 1918

Warm-Up

• What were some of the changes in society during the Industrial Revolution?

Impact of the Industrial Revolution

Ch. 22

I. ScienceA. New Advancements

1. Medicinea) Louis Pasteur discovered

the harmful effects of bacteria and developed ways of destroying them

b) Surgeries became safer with the use of anesthetic and Joseph Lister’s method of killing germs using anapestic

I. Science2. Biology: Charles Darwin

developed the theory of evolution- species change as a result of natural selection

3. Chemistrya) Connection discovered b/w

magnetism and electricityb) Periodic table developedc) Marie and Pierre Curie

discovered some elements release energy in radioactivity

I. Science4. Psychology: new field

studying the mind and behaviora) Sigmund Freud

developed psychoanalysis which focused on basic human desires and the unconscious mind

1) Thoughts mental illness could be caused by repressed thoughts in the unconscious mind

I. Science

b) Pavlov, Skinner, and Watson worked on conditioning- process of connecting behavior to a stimulus

Warm-Up

• Moonlight Sonata• Does the following piece make you feel

anything?• Are you reminded of a certain scene or does it

make you recall a specific memory in your life?

I. Science

B. New Inventions1. Electric power-

smaller machines and factories anywhere

2. Telegraph- invented by Samuel Morse, allowed fast global communication

Morse Code

A .- B -... C -.-. D -.. E . F ..-. G --. H .... I .. J .--- K -.- L .-.. M -- N -. O --- P .--. Q --.- R .-. S ... T - U ..- V ...- W .-- X -..- Y -.-- Z --.. 0 ----- 1 .---- 2 ..--- 3 ...-- 4 ....- 5 ..... 6 -.... 7 --... 8 ---.. 9 ----.

I. Science

3. Steamship- allowed transportation upriver and w/o wind

4. Railroad- made transportation over land fast and cheap

I. Science5. Telephone- invented

by Alexander Graham Bell

6. Lightbulb- invented by Thomas Edison

7. Radio- wireless communication and entertainment

II. ArtA. Romanticism:

Emphasis on personal emotional expression 1. Focused on the

individual, imagination, and liberty

2. Ludwig van Beethoven- inspiration to Romantic artists because of emotionalism in his music

1. Beethoven Songs

Romanticism

II. ArtB. Realism: show the

reality of everyday life1. Focus on objective

reality discovered by the individual

2. Charles Dickens wrote novels that showed hardships of the poor because of industrialization

Realism

II. Art

C. Impressionism: used bright colors and brushstrokes to recreate a way of looking at everyday things

III. Foreign Policy

A. Great Britain gave self-government to Canada, Australia, and New Zealand but held tight control over Ireland

III. Foreign Policy

B. Demand for more resources for factories drove Europeans to take over new lands

III. Foreign Policy

C. New weapons from the Industrial Revolution made it easier to dominate most of the world’s population