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IMPLEMENTATION OF PARIS AGREEMENT
IN INDONESIA
DR. NUR MASRIPATIN Director General of Climate Change
Ministry of Environment and Forestry - INDONESIA
Climate Change Seminar Prospects of Climate Change Policies and JCM in Indonesia
Tokyo, Japan, 7 February 2017
OUTLINES
INTRODUCTION PARIS AGREEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS NDC INDONESIA AND PROGRESS IN
IMPLEMENTATION REDD+ IN NDC AND PROGRES FUTURE INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION/PARTNERSHIP
INTRODUCTION Paris Agreement (PA) was adopted by Parties with
universal commitment to prevent adverse impacts of climate changes.
PA was signed by more than two third of the total number of UNFCCC Parties at the day of the signing ceremony.
PA enter into force much earlier than it was anticipated at the time of its adoption in 2015.
Implementation of PA require strong science - base which enable parties with diverse circumstances, capacities, and capabilities, to progress together and improve overtime.
Indonesia ratified PA through Law No. 16/2016 in October 2016.
PARIS (CLIMATE) AGREEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
PARIS AGREEMENT : to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty, including by:
(a) Below 2 °C - 1.5 °C (b) LECD (c) Finance flows consistent with LECD (d) Equity and CBDR-RC.
PARIS AGREEMENT – NDC DAN ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL CONTEXT
GOAL of Paris
Agreement < 2°C 1.5°C
Mitigation – Adaptation and avert Lost and Damage
MOI (Finance, Technology,
Capacity Building)
• Facilitative Dialogue
• Global Stock take
• Facilitation and Compliance
TMS GHGs Inv– MRV – NRS
• NatCom • BUR • FREL-
MRV REDD+
POLICY AND MEASURES : •Policy & regulations
•Institutional setting
•etc
Tran
spar
ency
Fr
amew
ork
Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)
FROM INDC TO NDC • Indonesia submitted INDC to UNFCCC
Secretariat in September 2015 • First NDC (reviewed of INDC) : submitted to
UNFCCC Secretariat on 6 November 2016 (www.unfccc.int)
• More detail information : CTU, transparency framework, international supports, target of each sector category and its assumption.
6
STRUCTURE OF INDONESIA’S NDC
NATIONAL CONTEXT MITIGATION ADAPTATION
STRATEGIC APPROACH PLANNING PROCESS
INFORMATION TO FACILITATE CLARITY,
TRANSPARENCY AND
UNDERSTANDING
TRANSPARENCY FRAMEWORK
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORTS
INDONESIA LOW CARBON AND
CLIMATE RESILIENCE STRATEGY
REVIEW AND ADJUSTMENT
In English and Bahasa Indonesia : http ://www.ditjenppi.menlhk.go.id 7
NDC Context • NDC: committed to reduce emission by 29% under the
Business as Usual in 2030 up to 41% with international support. need to formulate and communicate a long term low carbon development strategy.
• Three principles will guide the NDC implementation: – enable economic growth and put people’s welfare as priority,
especially with regard to food, water and energy resilience; – Strengthen protection of poor and vulnerable communities, including
environment conservation in the framework of sustainable development;
– focus on core interventions that reduce emissions and strengthen policy framework.
• Significant efforts: – Strengthening governance system through various policy
interventions both within and beyond forestry sector. – strengthening trade cooperation that provide sufficient market
incentives to sustainable forest products – addressing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation
ADAPTATION IN NDC
Focus areas : Enabling conditions for climate resilience Economic resilience Social and Livelihood Resilience Ecosystem and Landscape Resilience (ref : NDC Indonesia)
TARGET M-A (RPJMN-
RENSTRA) 2015-2019
26% emission reduction in
2019 and increased climate resilience in
15 vulnerable regions
International Cooperation/Partnership (Multilateral, Bilateral and
Regional)
National & sub-national programmes • RAN & RAD-GRK (Mitigasi pre 2020) • NDC implementation • RAN API, MoEF Regulation (Adaptationi) • REDD+ • GHGs Inventory – MRV • Engagement of Non-Party Stakeholders
Directorat General of
Climate Change (DGCC)
DNPI BP-REDD+
+
MoE
MoFor
Presidential Regulation No.
16/2015
CLIMATE CHANGE INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE SINCE 2015
MOEF Regulation No 18/2015
TAR
GE
T 2020-2030 (N
DC
29 - 41 %)
DGCC as National Focal Point to UNFCCC
PROGRESS OF PARIS AGREEMENT – NDC IMPLEMENTATION
Integrating NDC elements into development planning (President’s instruction to Minister of National Development Planning and Minister of Environment and Forestry),
Letter of the Minister of Environment and Forestry (MoEF) to all relevant Ministries, to all Governors and Head of Districts/Municipalities (Bupati/Walikota) to accommodate climate actions (follow up of PA/UU No. 16/2016 - NDC) into 2018 planning.
Budget tagging for CC related activities by the Ministry of Finance
PROGRESS OF PARIS AGREEMENT – NDC IMPLEMENTATION (CONT.)
Translating ‘Transparency Framework’ under Article 13 of PA into national context (Development of National Registry System, enhancing MRV and other relevant systems).
Finalizing REDD+ regulatory framework.. Strengthening policies in key sector categories
(forestry, energy, agriculture, IPPU, waste) and related sectors.
Engaging Non-state actors/Non-Party stakeholders, Strengthening international cooperation/partnership
(bilateral, multilateral, regional)
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL REGISTRY SYSTEM (NRS)/Sistem Registri Nasional Pengendalian Perubahan Iklim (SRN- PPI)
PTRANSLATING TRANSPARANCY FRAMEWORK TO NATIONAL CONTEXT (NRS/SRN)
National GHGs Inventory System (SIGN-SMART)
MRV system for mitigation incl. REDD+
SIS – REDD+
SIDIK (vulnerability
index information
System)
Community based
adaptation and
mitigation (PROKLIM)
START WITH INTEGRATING EXISTING SYSTEM WITHIN DGCC
CAP BUILDING) TECHNOLOGY FINANCE
APA YANG DIREGISTRI ?
ACTIONS Adaptation
- General info. - Technical data - Achievement
(emission reduction and co-benefits)
- Adaptation achievement
- PROKLIM - Support
received
Mitigation JOINT Adaptation &
Mitigation
OTHERS
MRV
SUPPORTS
STRUCTURE OF NRS/SRN
Other institutions/organizations
R & D institutions, Universities
Government Institutions
National System: 1. Link to ICA
(international consultation and analysis)
2. Natcom and BUR 3. MRV activities 4. Connection to
Public Registry UNFCCC
UNFCCC Secretariat
PUBLIC REGISTRY
Strenthening SRN/ Future SRN
Source: Global Forest Resources 2015 (FRA), INFMS – FREL Indonesia (2015)
•Forest area: 128.9 Mha (60% of the total land area); •Natural forest: 113.2 Mha (used for FREL construction) •Deforestation rate (1990-2012): 0.918 Mha/year; •Forest degradation (1990-2012): 0.5 Mha/year.
Indonesia
GLOBAL AND INDONESIA’S FORESTS
Forest under UNFCCC Negotiation • Background
– challenges faced by developing countries in managing their forest sustainably;
– alarming rate of deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries and the recognition of the role of forest resources for national development and livelihood for millions of people;
– commercial agriculture has been the main driver of deforestation in most developing countries;
• REDD+ – guidance for both REDD+ and partner countries to implement REDD+ with
result-based finance; – 10 years piloting with REDD+ at various scales and approaches has set
light on to what issues to be addressed for REDD+ full implementation in diverse national circumstances and capacity of REDD+ countries;
– REDD+ finance: Centre for Global Development (2015) • pledges made between 2006-2014 was about USD 9.8 billion in which almost 90 %
of the pledges originated from public sector • indicated a slow trend of pledges after 2010
• Current challenge: how to effectively incentivise REDD+ countries with the existing rules including Warsaw Framework, while preparing the implementation of Paris Agreement from 2020 onwards.
D i t I G R K - M R V D i t j e n P P I
Website http://ditjenppi.menlhk.go.id/berita-ppi/2655-tingkat-emisi-rujukan-deforestasi-dan-degradasi-hutan-frel
See : http://redd.unfccc.int/submissions.html?country=idn ‘Technical Assessment Tim Expert UNFCCC (see UNFCCC Report)
FREL – REDD+ Indonesia
293.2 (MtCO2e yr-1)
58.0 (MtCO2e yr-1)
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200E
mis
sio
n (
MtC
O2
e y
r-1)
Peat Decomposition
Deforestation
Forest Degradation
Annual emission from deforestation
Annual emission from forest degradation
FREL – REDD+ Indonesia
FREL from deforestation and forest degradation 0.351 GtCO2e yr-1
Additional emission 0.217 GtCO2e yr-1 from peat decomposition with annual increment of 1.6% due to inherited emission.
Deforestation
Forest Degradation
22
Sub-national FREL
Should be inline with National FREL National FREL to be disaggregated into sub-
national level Development of guidance for construction of
sub-national FREL in progress The guidance will be part of REDD+ regulation
(on going work, targeted to complete in June 2017).
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN CLIMATE CHANGE POST PARIS AGREEMENT
All Parties has expressed their commitment under PA through NDCs, including Indonesia.
Post PA/ratification of PA, Indonesia cooperation/partnership in climate change will be directed to support the implementation of NDC.
Decision 1/CP.21 (that adopted Paris Agreement) mandated Parties to engage Non-Party Stakeholders/NPS (incl. private sectors, local governments, NGOs) initial discussions are ongoing on how to effectively engage NPS.
Indonesia recognizes increasing engagement of private sector in climate agenda how to effectively engage private sector need to be formulated.
BILATERAL COOPERATION JAPAN – INDONESIA
There have been a number of bilateral cooperation between Japan – Indonesia in the area of climate changes/related to climate changes.
Indonesia (MoEF) is at the initial stage to review existing international cooperation in climate change area (start with MoEF/MoEF policy : all international cooperatiosn with MoEF are directed to support the achievement of NDC target).
Japan – Indonesia could revisit together existing cooperation in climate change areas and define/redefine areas for future cooperation.
nurmasripatin@gmail.com, nmasripatin@gmail.com http://ditjenppi.menlhk.go.id
THANKYOU
passion & integrity
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