implementing web applications as social machines composition: a case study

Implementing Web Implementing Web Applications as Social Applications as Social Machines Composition: a Machines Composition: a Case StudyCase Study

Kellyton Brito, Lenin Otero, Patrícia Muniz, Leandro Nascimento, Vanilson Burégio, Vinicius Garcia, Silvio Meira

Federal University of Pernambuco – UFPE, Recife - Brazil

Federal Rural University of Pernambuco – UFRPE, Recife – Brazil

C.E.S.A.R, Recife, PE, Brazil

AgendaAgenda

• Motivation

• The Emerging Web of Social Machines

• The Case Study

– Definition

– Planning

– Operation

– The analysis and interpretation

• Conclusions and Future Works

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Computing Means Connecting Wade Roush (2006)

Web 3.0

Computing Computing meansmeans CONNECTINGCONNECTING

ConnectingConnecting MachinesMachines

Running Services

In an EcossystemEcossystem

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Social Machines Research Group The Emerging Web of Social Machines - A brainstorm © 2011 – Vinicius Cardoso Garcia

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Social Machines Research Group The Emerging Web of Social Machines - A brainstorm © 2011 – Vinicius Cardoso Garcia

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Software Development and WebSoftware Development and Web

• Native characteristics of the web

– A caotic place: mix of business, research, government, social, and individual interests

– Anarchic architecture: unstructured data , thousands of simple, small-scale interactions between agents and resources, unreliable parts, etc

• It is necessary to create new mental models of such a web as a platform to provide a common and coherent conceptual basis for the understanding of this innovative phase of software development

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Social Machine (SM) Social Machine (SM) –– TheThe conceptconcept

• We have been trying to explain the web in terms of conectable entities called Social Machines

– SM = <Rel, WI, Req, Resp, S, Const, I, P, O>

• SM is a mental model to help us in designing and developing of web-based applications that are supposed to be “sociable”

• “Sociable applications”

– Take advantage of their environment (consider the existing available services) and publish their capabilities to other applications

– Designed and built to be networked with other appplications and services

– Simplify the combination and reuse of existing services

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Social MachinesSocial Machines

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Social Machine is a web unit defined by

the tuple:

SM = <Rel, WI, Req, Resp, S, Const, I, P, O>

A Social Machine (SM) receives requests (Req) from other

SM’s and returns responses (Resp). The requests are

converted to inputs (I) for a processing unit (P), which has

states (S) and produces outputs (O). In addition, there are

rules that define relationships (R) with other SMs, under

a specific set of constraints (Const).

Case Study DefinitionCase Study Definition

• Is it possible to implement an application which uses many API’s of many domains using SM’s model?

• What are the main benefits, difficulties and challenges?

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Planning (Main Points)Planning (Main Points)

• Null Hypothesis – H0’: it is not possible to design and implement the application

according to Social Machines model; – H0’’: there are no benefits in implementing the application

according to Social Machines model; – H0’’’: there are difficulties and challenges in implementing the

application according to Social Machines model;

• Variables – Independent: SM’s Model and Documentation; – Dependent: Feasibility of implementation, benefits, dificulties

and chalenges; – Control: Comparison with other projects

• Analysis Criteria – Qualitative analysis of documentation and code, and discussion

with guest specialists;

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Operation Operation –– Application DevelopedApplication Developed

• Requirements: Application which help people to gather information about nearby places

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Application ArchitectureApplication Architecture

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Social Machine DefinitionSocial Machine Definition

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ScreenshotScreenshot

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Analysis and InterpretationAnalysis and Interpretation

• Qualitative Analisys

– Documentation analisys

– Discussion with guests specialists in web API’s, Cloud Computing and Software Architecture

• H0’: it is not possible to design and implement the application according to Social Machines model

– Rejected: Application was designed and implemented in full compliance with its requirements and with the SMs model

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Case Study ResultsCase Study Results

• H0’’: there are no benefits in implementing the application according to Social Machines model

– Rejected

– Benefits on the design phase

– Modularity and abstraction

– Encapsulating and external API’s usage centralized in the wrapper interface

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Case Study ResultsCase Study Results

• H0’’’: there are difficulties and challenges in implementing the application according to Social Machines model

– No Rejected

– Difficulties to define external SM’s • No access to information about them

• Creation of two classes: Internal and External SM’s

– Difficulties to describe SM’s

– Need a Social Machine controller • To manage what SM’s choose (for ex.: Foursquare or Google

Places), using QoS, charges of API access, service status, etc

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Conclusions and Future WorkConclusions and Future Work

• This work offers a new perspective on software development on the Web – it can collaborate to the process of providing a unifying

vision to describe web based information systems and could be a practical way of dealing with the complexity of this emerging web

• It’s possible to use SM’s to develop applications that

uses several API’s • Simple application

– More case studies needed – More application domains

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Conclusions and Future WorkConclusions and Future Work

• The Research Framework overlaps several areas – Semantic web; cloud computing; SOA; XaaS; Software Reuse

and so on…

• Some topics

– Social Machine Controller – An architectural framework – Quality attributes – An algebra to describe its connections and conditionals – ...

• People as Social Machines – Using this concept to create Social Machines wich represent

people and their relationship with other people or systems?

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Implementing Web Applications as Social Machines Composition: a Case Study

• Thank you!

Kellyton Brito Informatic Center – Federal University of Pernambuco

ksb@cin.ufpe.br

Acknowledgments

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