“indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow...

“Indeed, some people would suggest that an intimate knowledge of how something works somehow diminishes its charm, relegating it to a simple deterministic consequence of a mechanical universe. But ignorance is not bliss . . .”

-- O.J. Reichman

What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?

• Catalog and track species

• Project future changes

• Document threats and study the processes behind them

• Examine the value of diversity

• Apply knowledge to restoration and management

Photo: Idelle Cooper Photo: Idelle Cooper

Tephritidae (true fruit flies)

Genus: Trupanea

Seed feeding

Gall makers or stem feeders

Shoot meristem feeders

Phylogenetic hypothesis (so far) based on variation in 836 bp of mtDNA (COI & II) and 967 bp of nuclear EF-1 using Bayesian analysis (MrBayes 3.1). Most taxa have multiple haplotypes (2-12) sequenced, but for simplicity are not shown here.

•Single origin of Hawaiian taxa

Ann O’Brien ‘03

Margaret Funk ‘08

What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?

• Catalog and track species

• Project future changes

• Document threats and study the processes behind them

• Examine the value of diversity

• Apply knowledge to restoration and management

Species-Area relationships

S = c * Az

log S = log c + z * log A

What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?

• Catalog and track species

• Project future changes

• Document threats and study the processes behind them

• Examine the value of diversity

• Apply knowledge to restoration and management

Figure 55-11a-hypothesis

Figure 55-11b-setup

Figure 55-11c-results

Figure 55-12

15 new sheepintroduced intothe population

http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/gardner/biocontrol/Myrica%20faya/Myrica%20faya%20in%20field.JPG

http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/gardner/biocontrol/myrica%20faya/myrica.htm

Vitousek and Walker 1989

Great Lakes Worm Watch

http://www.nrri.umn.edu/worms/

Hale et al. 2008

What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?

• Catalog and track species

• Project future changes

• Document threats and study the processes behind them

• Examine the value of diversity

• Apply knowledge to restoration and management

Figure 55-14a-hypothesis

Figure 55-14b-setup

Figure 55-14c-results

Figure 55-15a-hypothesis

Figure 55-15b-setup

Figure 55-15c-results

What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?

• Catalog and track species

• Project future changes

• Document threats and study the processes behind them

• Examine the value of diversity

• Apply knowledge to restoration and management

Figure 55-16

Unconnected patches Connected patches

What do biologists do about conservation and biodiversity?

• Catalog and track species

• Project future changes

• Document threats and study the processes behind them

• Examine the value of diversity

• Apply knowledge to restoration and management

Hartshorn, 1992