india, china and japan: from the medieval to the modern world

India, China and Japan:India, China and Japan:From the Medieval to the Modern From the Medieval to the Modern

WorldWorld

The Mughal EmpireThe Mughal EmpireBabur (1483-1530), Akbar (1542-1605)India as center of civilizationReligious freedom (Islam, Hindu)Urdu languageArtistic blend of Hindu, Persian, and

Islamic elements

Mughal ArtMughal ArtVisual Arts

Book illustrations, miniaturesSecular

Realistic scenes from courtly life

Persian influences calligraphy

“Akbar and the Elephant” from The History of Akbar

The End of Mughal Rule The End of Mughal Rule and the Arrival of the Britishand the Arrival of the British

British East India Trading CompanyIndia as “Jewel in the Crown” of Britain

Controlled by British government by 1849

The Rise of NationalismThe Rise of Nationalism

India’s National Congress Party Activism for self-rule

Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) Satyagraha: non-violent civil disobedience

Chinese Culture Chinese Culture Under Imperial RuleUnder Imperial Rule

Centralized government (1368-1911)Relatively untouched by Western

influence until the 17th centuryIncredible population growth

Poverty, political unrest, and, ultimately, revolution

The Arts Under the Ming The Arts Under the Ming DynastyDynasty

Political, economic stabilityCultural enrichmentConfucianismNew literary genres

Hua-Pen Novels Stage plays

The Arts Under the Ming The Arts Under the Ming DynastyDynasty

Landscape paintings Human form in natural setting

Artistic attitudes “change within tradition” No distinctions between major art forms

Painted ceramicware called “China”

15th century Ming Dynasty painting

A Ming Vase

The Qing Dynasty:The Qing Dynasty:China and the Western China and the Western

PowersPowersWestern Trade and Chinese IndependenceOpium War (1839-1842)Internal rebellions weakened government

Tai Ping Rebellion, Boxer Rebellion

Republican Revolution Sun Yat-sen Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Tse-tung

The Art and Culture of Japan:The Art and Culture of Japan:

Shintoism Worship of the spirits of nature Imperial cult; worship of emperor and his

ancestors as divineDrama

Noh plays in which dancers enact dramatic, often supernatural stories stories with ritual and even slapstick

The Art and Culture of Japan:The Art and Culture of Japan:

The Edo PeriodThe Edo Period

Japanese versions of landscapes Gentler colors, heightened abstraction

Influence of Western art Peacocks and Peonies (1176)

Woodblock art Hokusai Katsushika (1760-1849)

A study in the balance of opposites: image and empty space.

The empty space mirrors the wave; water and sky are balanced, as in the Chinese yin/yang symbol below

The Art and Culture of Japan:The Art and Culture of Japan:

The Edo PeriodThe Edo PeriodBasho’s Haiku

Zen Buddhist reflections Crucial detail of landscapes Composed of three lines of five syllables,

seven syllables, and five syllables

““Humanities 1500: A Humanities 1500: A HaikuHaiku””

Powerpoint beaming

eastern culture’s bright display

while students write notes