indus valley civilization

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION

Challenges:GRESASAW of the Indus Valley

CivilizationWhat are the similarities of

among the 3 ancient civilizations?

Are there similarities between our way of life now and the way of life of the Indus Valley Civilization?

IMPORTANT REMINDER!!!While Africa takes pride for

having produced one ancient civilization which is that of Egypt’s Nile Valley, Asia takes pride for having produced not just 1 but 3 ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS (CRADLES OF CIVILIZATION). This means that Asia is the BIGGEST birthplace of OLDEST CULTURES OF HUMANS.

WHERE IN ASIA IS THE THIRD ANCIENT CIVILIZATION?

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATIONLOCATION: NORTHWESTERN

INDIA

QUESTIONS:When did the Indus Valley Civilization

began?Answer: 2700 B.C.E.What are the name of the rivers of

the valley where the civilization rose up?

Answer: Indus and Ganges RiversWere there small villages existing

before the Indus Valley Civilization?Answer: Yes

MergarhExisted during the Neolithic

PeriodAround 3500 BCEsomewhere west of the Indus

River (Baluchistan, now part of Pakistan)

The people in Mergarh engaged in agriculture, sheep raising and making cereals.

Their houses were made of clay bricks.

MORE QUESTIONSWhich country/countries now

occupies/occupy the area of the Indus Valley civilization?

Answer: Part of it is now in India and part is in Pakistan (remember that Pakistan used to be part of India as Bangladesh used to be part of Pakistan).

Of the five excavated cities, which two more interesting ancient cities were excavated to prove Indus valley civilization?

MOHENJO-DARO AND HARAPPA

Believed to be created by the Dravidians

Mohenjo-Daro

The city had two planned areas: (1) At the western end of the site

is an area known as the Citadel. This area of the city was built on top of a mound of bricks almost 12 metres high. A large staircase ran up the side of this mound.

Several large buildings and structures on the Citadel mound suggest that this area may have been used for public gatherings, religious activities or important administrative activities.

In the citadel, there you find the rice granary, marketplace and public bath.

(2) The city proper which is lower in elevation where the house are the same and built against the street.

The streets are done in grid pattern.

WELLS

ROADS

PUBLIC BATHS

Unique feature of the Indus Valley CivilizationThe structure of the houses has

one or more toilets or toilet connected to a centralized system.

Underground sewer pipes are said to be planned and organized by a centralized government .

HARAPPA

Crafts’ Quarters

Harappa’s granary and wells

Harappan Pictogram/WritingStill

undecipheredIncomplete

information about the Indus Valley Civilization

History of Indus Valley CivilizationBegan around 2700 BCEHarappa was established around

3300 BCE.Farming and agriculture became

the main economic activity due to scarce metal resources.

Trading with the Sumerian civilization could have progressed along the shores of the Arabian Sea and the Persian Gulf.

History of the Indus Valley Civilization

Most artifacts unearthed were toys indicating that the Dravidians liked entertainment and loved to play

For a while, archaeologists thought that the cities of the Indus Valley Civilization were populated by children

Their disappearance remains a mystery due to no traces of war were evident

The lives of the people in Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa:

1) AGRICULTURE was their main economic activity.

2) They had irrigation systems.3) They had pottery and jewelry making.4) Houses were made of clay bricks.5) Their leaders were priest-kings.6) Their religion was animism and polytheism.

They worshipped many gods some of which were animals like the very revered BULL.

7) Their social classes were the ruling class who lived inside the citadels; the farmers and traders lived outside citadels.

Possible Causes of Disappearance:Famine, hunger, droughtEcological factors/Natural

disasters (flood, typhoon, earthquake, volcanic eruption, etc.)

PlaguesInvasions by another civilization

like the Aryans

THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION WAS ABANDONED AND BURIED IN MUD.

The saddest ending...