infinitive vs. –ing forms
Post on 08-Jan-2016
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INFINITIVE VS. –ING FORMS
INFINITIVE
To express purpose:
She went to the bank to get money.
INFINITIVE
After certain verbs: advise, agree, decide, hope, promise, refuse, seem, want etc.
She decided to wait for a better offer.
INFINITIVE
After verbs like know, decide, ask, learn, remember followed by WH- words:
I can’t decide where to go on holiday.
INFINITIVE
After adjectives like: sorry, happy, glad, afraid, ashamed etc.
She was glad to be back.
INFINITIVE
After too and enough:
She is too sad to talk right now.She was frightened enough to keep silent.
-ING FORM
As a noun:
Swimming is a pleasant activity.
-ING FORM
After certain prepositions: with, without, of
She left without saying a word.
-ING FORM
After certain verbs: consider, avoid, deny, look forward to, involve, mention, risk, mind, regret, admit, suggest, imagine etc.
They avoided speaking to each other all day long.
-ING FORM
After go for activities:
They went camping.
-ING FORM
After: it’s no use, it’s (not) worth, it’s no good, be busy, there’s no point in, can’t help, can’t stand, be/get used to, have difficulty in
I can’t stand waiting in a queue.
-ING FORM
After: like, love, enjoy, hate, dislike, prefer etc
She likes going for long walks.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
a) NO change in meaning
begin, start, continue, allow, permit, recommend, need, require
They began to speak / speaking in a lower voice. They don’t allow parking / us to park here.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
b) With a change in meaning
like + infinitive = preference like+ -ing = enjoy
I like to keep my room clean.I like swimming.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
stop + infinitive = cease an activity in order to do something else
stop + -ing = cease / interrupt an activity
They stopped to greet each other. They stopped laughing because they were too loud.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
try + infinitive =make an attempt try + -ing = try as a solution
I tried to speak louder, but I failed.I tried speaking English to him because he didn’t understand my language.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
remember + infinitive = remember to do an activity
remember + -ing form = remember already performing an activity
I must remember to water the plants.Ok, I now remember watering the plants.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
forget + infinitive = not doing an activity
forget + -ing = activity is done and forgotten about
I forgot to tell her to water the plants.I forgot telling her to water the plants, so I did it again.
INFINITIVE OR -ING FORM?
hear / see / watch / listen + -ing = witnessing a performing action
I heard him talking on the phone.
hear / see / watch / listen + infinitive= witnessing the whole process
I heard him talk on the phone.
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