inside ttip
Post on 11-Jun-2022
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INSIDE TTIPDr Giovanni GruniAssistant Professor
Europa InstituteUniversity of Leiden
giovanni.gruni@gmail.com
www.giovannigruni.co.uk
@GIOVANNIGRUNI
How do we regulate this?
How do we regulate this?
- International trade
- Economic and social stability
- Climate Change
- Multinational corporations
- Security
- Food security
- Health
How do we regulate this?
- International trade
- Economic and social stability
- Climate Change
- Multinational corporations
- Security
- Food security
- Health
WHO regulates this???
WHO rules the planet?
•Private vs Public
•West vs the Rest
•Neoliberal capitalism vs non-neoliberal capitalism
Structure of the presentation
• TTIP in the context of 60 years of world trade law
•Why TTIP?
•How is TTIP negotiated?
•What is in TTIP?
• TTIP and non-trade interests, friends or foes?
• Conclusions
TTIP in the context of 60 years of world
trade law
Power shifts and the Doha Round
Japan
United States
Canada
European Union
21st Century
European Union
United States
China
India
Canada
(Japan, Australia, Brazil)
Why TTIP?
Geopolitical argument
The theory of Comparative
Advantage
The good, old economic argument:
Various technocratic arguments
•EU Treaty competences
•Guardians of the treaty argument
•…
TTIP is a political decision in an area of EU exclusive competence
How is TTIP negotiated?
European Commission Council
European Parliament
European Commission Council
European Parliament
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Final decision do adopt the
TTIP
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
with the US
Negotiations
With the US
European Commission Council
European Parliament
Council Committee
Stakeholders
Final decision do adopt the
TTIP
Ratification by all the Parliaments of the Member States
of the European Union?
(Referendum?)
WHAT IS TTIP?
• WTO+ PROVISIONS
• Free movement of goods
• Free movement of services
• Intellectual property rights
…
• REGULATORY COOPERATION
• INVESTMENT PROTECTION
• EXTRAS
• Sustainable development clause (detached from main body of the Treaty)
…
FOCUS ON
•ELIMINATION OF TARIFF BARRIERS
•ELIMINATION OF NON-TARIFF BARRIERS
Regulatory cooperation
Regulatory cooperation body
(when regulation in the EU or US has “significant impact” on trade or
investment)
Regulatory cooperation
ANNEX TO TTIP
Regulatory cooperation body
(when regulation in the EU or US has “significant impact” on trade or
investment)
Problems•Democratic legitimacy
•Large definition of NTB
TTIP and
non-trade interests
• Climate Change
• Environmental Law
• Food safety
• Culture
• Public Health
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Use of chemicals
• Labour Law
• Human Rights Law
Potential areas of interaction/conflict of TTIP
• Climate Change
• Environmental Law
• Food safety
• Culture
• Public Health
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Use of chemicals
• Labour Law
• Human Rights Law
Interplay between some of these interests and
specific trade law TTIP clauses is still unclear
• Climate Change
• Environmental Law
• Food safety
• Culture
• Public Health
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Use of chemicals
• Labour Law
• Human Rights Law
Interplay between some of these interests and
specific trade law TTIP clauses is still unclear
Procedure to negotiate trade agreements largely
the same as the GATT/WTO era. “Clinical
isolation” of trade specialists
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