institute of metal science, equipment and technologies ... · institute of metal science, equipment...
Post on 28-May-2020
5 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
ww
w.im
s.bas.b
g
BU
LGA
RIA
N A
CA
DE
MY
OF
SC
IEN
CE
S
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski”
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski”
with Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centrewith Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre
2 Институт по металознание 2008 година
BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
3
• InternationalTrophyforTechnology-1981;• EuropeAwardforMostCelebratedTechnologyoftheFrenchChamberofCommerce-1983,1987;
• EncouragingAwardforEuropeanScienceDevelopmentofthe“Koerber”Foundation-1985;
• PrizeoftheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization-1986;
• DieselGoldenMedaloftheGermanInstituteforInventions-1990;
• AmericaAward1990-1991;• InnovationAwardtogetherwithM&T2001Ltd.CanadaattheAutomechanika,Frankfurt,Germany-2004;
• Varna2003,2007,2010Awards;• Significantnumberofmedalsatinternationaltechnicalandinnovationexhibitions.
The Institutehasbeencertifiedaccording toNATOand EU requirements to access to classifiedinformationonlevel“Secret”.
The Institute is one of the leading organizations inBulgariainthefieldofnationalsecurityanddefense.Considerable share of the Institute’s activities isrelated to investigation, design and production ofhigh-techdefenseequipmentandsystems,includingdevelopment of high-tech anti-terrorists systemsaccording to the NATO’s conceptions for defenseagainstterrorism.
MachinesandtechnologiesdevelopedintheInstituteareinoperationatpresentinGermany,France,Italy,Poland,Austria,Hungary,Romania,Russia,China,India,Canada,USA,Sweden,CzhechRepublic,Slovenia,Denmark,etc.Thetechnologyandcounter-pressurecastingmachinesfindwideapplicationintheautomotiveindustryandparticularlyinproductionofautomobilewheels.
The Institute’s Quality Assurance System has been certified according to ISO 9001:2008 and NATO AQAP-2110.
The Institute carries out fundamental research, applied studies and innovations in the field of:• metal science and heat treatment;• casting,crystallization,structureandcharacteristicsofmetalsandalloys;
• plasticityandfractureofmaterials:• thestructuralpropertiesofthemetalofnuclearreactors
pressure vessels and other important equipment of nuclear and thermal power plants and equipment in other industrial branches; • developmentofmethodsforassessmentoftherest-life
time of industrial equipment and constructions; • developmentofsteelusedinheavy-loadedmetalstructures
(incl. gas and oil pipelines);• interactionofgaseswithmetalsandnon-metalic
materials;• weldingprocesses:
• examinationandtestingoftheweldabilityofdifferentmaterials;• examinationandtestingofweldingmaterialsandwelded
joints;• developmentandapprovalofweldingtechnologiesand
procedures and equipment for special welding methods;• simulationandnumericalmodelingofweldingprocesses;
• developmentofnewhigh-nitrogensteels;• ceramicandcompositematerials;• electro-thermicandmagneto-hydrodynamicprocesses;• ecologicallyfreehigh-techprocesses;• machinesandinstrumentalequipmentforproductionofnewmaterialsandarticles;
• shiphydrodynamics,aerodynamics,watertransport,oceancoastalengineering,seaandrivercrisesanddisasters,environmentalprotection,renewableenergysources;
• high-techproductsandsystemsfordefenseandsecurity:• criticalinfrastructureprotectionsystems(incl.Border
security);• developmentofnewcompositionsofarmormaterialsand
new original constructions for protection of vehicles (light and heavyarmoredmachines,helicopters,etc.)againstvariousammunitions;• developmentofanti-diversionandanti-terroristdevices,
including devices for personal protection;• designandmanufacturingofsensorsanddevicesagainst
invasionsonland,seaandairforthenationalsecuritysystemsofEU-andNATO-membercountries,etc.
AWARDS
INSTITUTE OF METAL SCIENCE, EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES “ACAD. A. BALEvSkI” WITH HYDRO- AND AERODYNAMICS CENTRE
4 4 4
Microcrystalline blank of rapidly solidified strips and extruded powders
Structure of high damping alloy microcrystalline strip
Crystallization calorimetric thermograms of amorphous alloys Cu
100-xZr
x
Bulk amorphous metallic alloys obtained via “suction casting method”
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Metal Science
Research and Development
Fundamentalresearchinthefieldofmetalscienceofnewamor-phous,micro-crystallineandnano-crystallinemetalalloys;Examinationofphasetransformationsandtheirthermodynamicsandkinetics;Developmentofsurfacethinlayersandnewcompositeandnano-structurematerials;Creatingandapplicationofmathematicalmodelsofphasetransfor-mationsinopenthermo-dynamicalsystemsbymeansofinterdisci-plinaryapproach;Measurmentsofgasdiffusioninmetalsandalloys.Thegasdiffusinmodelingandtheconcomitantprocesses;Developmentofmethodsofrecoveryofusefulproductsfrommetallurgicalwastes.
Research Achievements•Amorphousandmicro-crystallinemetalsandalloys;•Environmentalfriendlyandenergysavingtechnologiesandbio-conformablenewmaterials.
5 5 5
Thermo-analytical complex Mass-spectrometer with vacuum programmable furnace
Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) system
Computerized apparatus for internal friction studies
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Research Results Implemented
•Amorphousandnano-crystallinemetalalloys,nano-fibersandnano-materials;•Investigationonthebehavioroflow-alloyFepowderscoatedwithnano-sizedhydrocarbonlayersinthepro-cessoftheirsintering,aswellasobtainingoflow-alloyFe-powderscoatedwithnano-sizedhydrocarbonlayers;•Alumothermal(micro-and/ornano-)compositesaboundinginAlN;•CompositematerialsbasedonAl-Si-Zralloysintendedforbiomedicalapplication;•EnvironmentalfriendlyandenergysavingtechnologiesforrealizationofTenifer-processesforprotectivecoat-ings;•Investigationsonthecompositionandstructureofmetallurgicalslagafterthermalandchemicalinfluences.
Research Methods and Apparatuses
•Thermo-analyticalsystem“PerkinElmer”;•Mass-spectrometerMI12018;•High-vacuumdeviceB30.2;•Thermo-magneticscale“SETARAM”;•Differentialthermo-analyzer“SETARAM”;•OpticalmetallographicmicroscopeReichertMeF2andNeofot2;•Computerizeddevicefortestingofinternalfriction;•ComputerizeddilatometerNetch;•Computerizeddevicefortestingonlow-cyclefatigue.
6
Институт по металознание 2008 година
6
Installation for pressure casting IFP 001
1 - cover; 2 - hole; 3 - control desk; 4 - mould;
5 - autoclave; 6 - induction furnace (pressure up to 5 MPa;
capacity - 10 kg)
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Technologies and Equipment for Special Steels and Alloys
Research and Development
•Engineeringofnewclasseshigh-nitrogenconstructional,tool,stainlessandwear-resistantsteels,aswellassteelswithhighmechanicalandoperatingcharacteristicsunderhighpressure;•Fundamentalresearchonthesolubilityofgasesinmeltsofmetalsandalloysunderpressureofupto50MPa;•Investigationofcrystallization,mass-andheat-exchangeprocessesontheboudarysurfacesteel-solidphase;•Applicationofnano-modifiersforimprovingthestructureofmetalsandalloys;•Obtainingofcompoundsofmetalswithnon-metalsandgases-hydrides,nitrides,borides,etc.;•Designandmanufacturingofaggregatesforproductionofsteelsandalloysunderpressure.
Research Achievements
•Mechanicsofrealfluids;•Mathematicalmodelingofheat-andmass-transferinsystemscasting-mold;•Methodsandprogramsforlocalizationandpredictionofdefectsduringformationofcastings;•Approaches,algorithmsandcomputerprogramsformonitoring,optimizationandcontrolofcastingtechnologies.
7
Институт по металознание 2008 година
7
Induction furnace under pressure of 5 MPa for producing of 10 kg steel ingots
Construction of reservoirs for petroleum products using alloys developed by the Institute
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Research Results Implemented
•Flowofmeltinareaswithcomplexgeometryunderconditionsoflaminarandturbulentflows;•Fluid-andgas-dynamicsofmachinesforcastingundercounter-pressureandlowpressure;•Ventilationinthemouldcavity;•Thermalandconcentrationconvection;•Movementofmeltininter-dendritespaces;•Solvingof3-Dproblemofheat-transferduringfillingofcastingsystembymeltandduringthecrystallizationprocess;•Crystalnucleusformation,phaseevolutionandphasetransformations;•Transferofheatunderconditionsofcontact,radiationandconvectionheat-transfer;•Modelingofcontactphenomenaduringfillingofmouldcavitieswithcomplexgeometrybyrealfluids,crystallizationandcooling;•Phasetransformationsunderconditionsofreactivediffusion;•Modelingofprocessesofinitiation,growthanddistributionofgaspocketsduringcrystallization;•Methodsandnumericalalgorithmsformodelingofstress-deformablestateofthesystemcasting-mould;•Calculatingofresidualstressincastingandform;•Methodsandalgorithmsforsolvingofinversetechnologicalproblemsandproblemsforcastingparametersidentification;•Methodsforcontrolofthemouldcavityfilling;•Approachesforinteractiveandautomaticoptimizationofcastingtechnologies.
Research Methods and Apparatuses
•Installationfornon-cruciblemelting;•High-temperatureinductionfurnaceoperatingundervacuumandpressureofupto50MPa(uniqueinBulgariaandintheworld)forinvestigationontheprocessofobtainingofsteelsandalloyswithhighphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesintendedforspecialoperationconditions;•Inductionfurnace(designedandmanufacturedintheresearchdepartment)forproductionof10-kgingotsofspecialsteels.
8 8
Sheme of Gas Counter Pressure Casting Machine
Machine for Casting under High Pressure and Aluminum Castings Produced under High Pressure
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Technologies and Equipment for Casting of Metals and Alloys
Research Achievements
•Newrelationshipsconnectedtogas-dynamics,hydro-dynamicsandheat-exchangeprocessedduringsurfaceandvolumeformationofAl-alloycastingsundertheconditionsofgascounter-pressurecastingprocess;•MathematicalmodelsdescribinginfluenceofsometechnologicalparametersonthestructurehomogeneityandmechanicalpropertiesofAl-alloycastingsundertheconditionsofgascounter-pressurecastingprocess;•Determinationoftheinfluenceofconvectiveheat-transferbetweentheliquidmetalinthemouldandthepotonthequalityofaluminumalloyscastings;provingthenecessityofpreservationoftheheat-transferoritsinitiationatminimumthermallossandrapidrestorationofthesystem’initialstate;•Discoveringofnewcapabilitiesofthemethodforcastingundergascounter-pressurethroughcontrolledprocessesoffillingofcasting’thinsectionsusingdif-ferentialalterationofpressureinthemould;•Processesofcastingandcrystallizationofbig-sizecastingsmadeofhigh-strengthaluminumalloyswithwidecrystallizationrangeatcastingundergascounter-pressureandoptimizationofconditionsforobtainingofqualityproducts;•Structuresandcharacteristicsofgreatnumberofcastinganddeformablealuminumalloyscrystallizedunderhighpressureatsqueezecastingprocess;
Research and Development
•Investigationandfurtherdevelopmentofthecre-atedintheInstituteandworld-recognizedwidespreadMethodforcastingundergascounter-pressure;•Investigationontheprocessofsqueezecastingofmetalsandalloysanditsapplicationforobtainingofcompositematerialswhichimprovethealuminumcast-ingscharacteristics;•Investigationanddevelopmentofprocessesofcast-ingunderlowandhighpressure,centrifugalanddie-castinginmetallicandcombinedmoulds;•Developmentofnewmethodsandequipmentforob-servationandcontrolofcastingprocesses;•CreatingofnewAl-andFe-basedalloysandinvesti-gationsoftheirproperties;•DevelopmentoftechnologiesforobtainingofqualityproductsofAl-andFe-alloysandcompositeswithhighmechanicalandoperationalcharacteristics;•Developmentandinvestigationofthepropertiesofhigh-strengthandcorrosion-resistantnitrogenalloyedsteels.
Simulation of the Crystallization Processes in Aluminum Castings Obtained by the Casting with Gas
Counter-Pressure Method
9 9
Automobile Supports and Pistons for Heavy-loaded Diesel Motors Reinforced with Composite Materials
Castings Made of Corrosion-resistant, Wear-resistant and Cavity-resistant Steels and Multilayered Tubes Obtained by Centrifugal Casting
Aluminum Alloy Reinforced with Ceramic Fibers and Metal Frame Structures
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
•Provingofpossibilityforobtainingandstudyingofcompositematerialsbasedonaluminumalloysrein-forcedwithceramicfibersand/orporousmetalandceramicstructuresatsqueezecastingprocess;•Mathematicalmodelsofcentrifugalcastingprocessofmono-andpoly-metalcastingsofsteel,ironandheavynon-ferrousmetalsandcompositematerials.
Research Results Implemented
•Technologiesforgascastingundergascounter-pres-sureofheavy-loadeddetailsforapplicationinautomo-tiveindustry(wheelsformotorcarsandtrucks,elementsofcarsuspension,bodydetails,etc.),hydraulicsandpneumatics(covers,bodies),defenseindustry(wheelsforheavytransportvehicles);•Machinesandcastingcomplexesforcastingundergascounter-pressureofaluminumalloysparts;•Industrialapplicationoftechnologiesforproductionofcastingsforkeyaluminumalloypartsbysqueezecast-ing,includingfullyorlocallyreinforcedwithcompositematerials,forautomotiveindustry(pistonsforheavy-loadeddieselandracingcarmotors,supports,etc.),electronics,defenseindustry,etc.;•Technologiesandequipmentforcastingofkeyalumi-numalloypartsinpermanentmouldsandunderpres-sure;
•Industrialapplicationoftechnologiesforproductionofkeypartsandconstructionsofalloyedsteelsforauto-motive,woodworking,paper-andchemicalindustries,operatinginextremeconditionsofcorrosivemedium,intensivewearingandcavitations;•Technologicalprocessforcentrifugalcastingwithverticalaxisofbimetalcastingsforthemetallurgicalindustry.
Research Methods and Apparatuses
•Specializedmachinesforcastingundergascounter-pressure;•Pressesfordirectandindirectsqueezecasting;•Machinesforcastingunderhighpressure;•Machinesfordie-casting;•Furnacesforpreciseheattreatmentofaluminumalloycastings;•Apparatusesandequipmentfortechnologicalpro-cessescontrol.
10
Институт по металознание 2008 година
10
13
5 7
8
9
6
4
2
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Technologies and Equipment for Non-metal Materials
Research and Development
•Developmentofcompositionsofceramics,glass,petrurgical,compositeandfixingmaterials,coatingsandproductsmadeofthem,technologiesandequipmentforproductionofsuchmaterials;•Developmentsinthefieldofhigh-temperatureprocessesandsystemsduringsynthesizingoftheabovematerials,investigationsoftheirphysical-chemicalandmechanicalproperties.
Research Achievements
•Newclassesofglassesandfireproofmaterialsforcastingindus-try,petrurgicalproductswithhighwear-andchemicalresistance,superconductiveceramics,highwear-resistantcoatings;•Ballisticcorundumceramicsandmacro-disperseprotectionmod-ulesagainsthigh-energykineticinfluencesandothermaterialsforprotectionplateswithvariousapplications.
11
Институт по металознание 2008 година
11
10
12
13
14
17
15 18
16
11
Legend:
• lightfilters[1];• lightfilters[2]withhighperviousnessinthe
visible and infra-red region;• uninterruptedtapeoffoam-glass[3];• materialwithphlogopitestructure[4];• pipesofcastbasalt[5];• melted-castedwhitestoneonpyroxenebase[6];
• [8],quartzglass-ceramics-nozzles[9],productsofsiliconcarbide[10];
• galvanizationofsteelparts[11];• diamondnano-particles[12];• ballisticcorundumceramics[13],[14],[15],[16]andboroncarbideceramics[17];
• dispersedmodules[18]basedonballisticcorundum elements.
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Research Results Implemented
•Newclassofseleniumglasses,investigationsanddeterminationofglass-formationintervalsofnumerousdouble,tripleandquadruplesystems.Studyoftheirstructureanddrawingupofphasediagrams,synthesiz-ingoflightfilterswithhighperviousnessinthevisibleandinfra-redregion;•Technologyforproducingofmachineworkablegas-proofmaterialwithphlogopitestructureusedformanu-facturingofhigh-temperatureinsulatorsandgaskets;•Pipeswithdiameter80-20mmandwallthickness10-5mm,turncocksandmixersforcorrosivefluidsbygascounter-pressurecastingofpetrurgicalmelts;composi-tionsofpetrurgicalmaterialsfromwater-dispersecolloidsystemsforcastingofhollowpartsandotherpartswithcomplexconfiguration;•Compositionsandtechnologiesformanufacturingoffireproofmaterialsandproductsformeltingandconvey-anceofmeltsofferrousandnon-ferrousmetals;•Ballisticcorundumceramicsandmacro-dispersepro-tectionmodulesbasedonelementswithvariousshapesforprotectionagainsthigh-energykineticinfluences.
Research Methods and Apparatuses
•Furnaces-electric-resistancefurnacesanddrierswithmetalheaters,electricalfurnaceswithnon-metalheat-ers;arcandinductionelectricalfurnaces;•Equipmentforgrinding(mills);•Pressesforformingandmeasuringofphysical-me-chanicalparameters;•Microscopesoperatingwithpolarizedandreflectedlightandelectronicmicroscopes;•X-rayapparatusesforphaseandstructuralanalysis;•Microsondes;•Dilatometers;•Derivategraphs;•Spectrographs;•Devicesformeasuringandcontroloftemperature,includingthermo-elements,opticalpyrometersandceramicpyroscopes;•Technicalandanalyticalbalances;•Supersoundapparatusesformeasuringofsoundtransitionvelocity;•Devicesformeasuringofwearresistance;•Devicesformeasuringofhardness;•Devicesformeasuringofgaspressure;•Specificdevicesforchemicalandsilicateanalysis.
12 12 12
Delivered security and defence products and systems Harbour Protection System
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of National Security - Technologies and Systems for Protection
Research Achievements
In the Field of Critical Infrastructure:•Determinationofstructuralcharacteristicsofthemetalofreactorpressurevesselof“Kozloduy”NuclearPowerPlant(NPP)andimportantequipmentofNPPandotherinstallationsinvariousindustrialbranches;•Determinationontherest-lifetimeofimportantequip-mentofNPPandotherpowerplantsanddevelopmentofprogramsandrecommendationsforextensionoftheirservicelife.
In the Field of Defense:•Creatingandimprovementoffusesystemsincorporat-ingsensorsbasedonvariousphysicalprincipleswhoseoperationmodes(activation,self-neutralization,self-destruction)arepreprogrammedorremotelycontrolled;•Developmentoffusesystemshardwareandsoftwareforprovidingmaximumprobabilityoftargetdetectionandidentification,maximumsafetyandreliabilityofoperation;•Improvementoftheexplosivechargeefficiencyusingtheeffectofexplosiveformedprojectileswhichprovidemaximumpiercingabilityandinflictheavydamagesonthetarget;•Improvementofcommunicationbetweencontrolunitsandexecutivedevicesforminimizingprobabilityofwrongactivation;•Developmentofcamouflagecoatingsandjammingdevicesprovidingindetectabilityofminesbytheenemy;
Research and Development
•Complexinvestigationsofthestructuralpropertiesofthemetalofnuclearreactorspressurevesselsandoth-erimportantequipmentofnuclearandthermalpowerplantsandequipmentinotherindustrialbranches;•Investigationsanddevelopmentofmethodsforas-sessmentoftherest-lifetimeofindustrialequipmentandconstructions;•Investigationsanddevelopmentofhigh-techproductsandsystemsforprotectionagainstinvasionbysea,landandair;•Investigationsanddevelopmentofhigh-techproductsandsystemsforprotectionandcounter-actionagainstterroristactions;•Investigationsanddevelopmentofhigh-techproductsandsystemsforprovidingsecurityofstateborderandcriticalinfrastructures.
13 13 13
System for automatic control of the stressed state of reinforced-concrete protective shell of Units 5 and 6 of the NPP “Kozloduy”
Highway Gas pipeline “Russia - Bulgaria - South”, built by Low-alloyed nitrogen containing construction steels
of the family SAF of the Institute
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
•Developmentofnewcompositionsofarmormaterialsandneworiginalconstructionsforprotectionofvehicles•lightandheavyarmoredmachines,helicopters,etc.,againstvariousammunitions;•Developmentofanti-diversionandanti-terroristde-vices,includingdevicesforpersonalprotection.
Research Results Implemented
InthefieldofsecurityofCriticalInfrastructure:•Methods,programs,expertreports,technicalre-quirements,etc.,forsurveillancethesafetyofnuclearreactorstype“WWER”.ParticipationinjointresearchprojectsoftheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,EuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity,5thEUFrameworkProgramandseveralbilateralprojectsontheWWERreactorssafety;•Devicesformeasurementofstructuralcharacteristicsofthemetalelementsof“Kozloduy”NPPequipment;establishingofLaboratoryformechanicaltestsandmetallographicexaminationsofirradiatedsurveillancespecimensontheterritoryof“Kozloduy”NPP;•Technologiesandequipmentfordeactivation,trans-portationandstorageofirradiatedmaterials;•DesignandmanufacturingofelementsofNPPequip-ment.InthefieldofDefense:•Familiesofanti-invasionmines;•Familiesofseamines;•Familyofbottommines;
•Familiesofmarineexplosivedevices;•Familyofmagnetic(“Limpet”)mines;•Familyofunderwatergrenades;•Familyofsonars;•Familiesofanti-tankandanti-transportvehiclemines;•Familiesoffusesforexistinglandmines;•Familyofanti-helicoptermines;•Familyofhandgrenades;•Systemsforprovidingsecurityofstatebordersandothersites;•Armorsforprotectionoftransportvehicles;•Meansforpersonalprotectionofarmyandpoliceof-ficers.Thedepartmentisinvolvedinseveralinternationalde-fenseprojects:•NATOProgramforprotectionofhelicoptersagainstRPGs(theInstituteisleadingorganization);•NATOProgramforharbourprotectionagainstterroristactions;•NATOProgramfordevelopmentofanti-personnelminesalternative(theInstituteistheleadingorganiza-tionforBulgaria);•Severalbilateralprojectsonimprovingprotectionofarmoredvehiclesagainstkineticprojectilesandshapecharges.Mostofproductsandsystemsfordefenseandsecurityhavenoanalogueintheworld.Theirefficiencyhasbeenprovenbynumerousofcontractsforcommercialrealiza-tioninmorethan26countries,includingleadingNATOmembercountries.
14 14
Facilities for preparation of prototypes
Metal processing center
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Deformation Technologies for Metals and Alloys
Research Achievements
•Materialsunderintensiveplasticdeformations(equi-channelangularextrusion);•Improvementoftheelasto-extrusionmethodforreal-izationofsuperhighdegreesofdeformation;•Mathematicalmodelsoftheplasticformingprocess-es;•Methodsforusingsimilarityparametersforsolvingproblemsatplasticformingofmetalsandalloys;•Newcriterionforplasticflowwhichisapplicableformaterialswithconventionalandsuperfine-grainedstructure;•Physicalmodelsoftheplasticflowprocessformetalmaterialswithmicro-andnano-crystallinestructure;•Mathematicalcriteriafordeterminationthedependencyofplasticpropertiesofmicrocrystallinematerialsontheirgrainsizestructure.
Research and Development
•Investigationsoftheinfluenceofdeformationprocessonthephaseformationandcharacteristicsofmetalmaterials;•Investigationsofmaterials’behaviorundervariousdeformationconditions;•Studiesofthedeformationcompactingofalloyswithmicro-andnano-structurewiththepurposeofobtainingproductswithrealdimensionsatmaximumpreservationoftheinitialfine-grainedstructure;•Developmentofnewtechnologiesforplasticformingofmetalsandalloysandforobtainingofproductsfromnon-compactinitialmaterials(powders).
15 15
Recovered surveillance specimen for three-point impact bending
AES spectra of rapidly crystallized Al-Si strip before (а) and after (b) Ar ions atomization
AES depth profile of Al-Si rapidly crystallized strip
Nucleation of sigma-phase in Cr-Mn steel
Microstructure of rapidly crystallized Al-Si strip - TMS image
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Research Results Implemented
•Technologiesforcompactingofmetalmaterialswithsuperfine-grainedstructure;•Deformationtechnologyforobtainingofcompos-itematerialswithmicrocrystallinestructurebasedofhigh-strengthaluminumalloyswithadditionofdiamondcomponentandTiC;•Technologyformultistageextrusionforobtainingofproductswithoneormorelongitudinalopeningswithcontrollabledimensionsandshapes-nozzlesforgasflamewelding;•Technologyforobtainingofbimetallicmaterialsthroughdeformation.
Research Methods and Apparatuses
•Plastometerenablingtestingonone-axisdeformationofsamplesatcontrollableconditionsofdeformationandheatinginsaltbath;•Standformultipurposedeformationofmetalsandalloysbyapplyingvibrationsduringthedeformationprocess;•Specializedpressforrealizationofmultistageextrusionprocesses.
16 16
Industrial Security Systems
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Specialized Sensor Devices
Research and Development
•Researchanddevelopmentorientedtowardscreatingofup-to-datehigh-techsensorsforapplicationinindustry,transport,energy,ecologyandsecurity;•Solvingofimportanttechnicalproblemsandcreatingofnewequipmentforscientificinvestigations,drawingupofdesignandtechnicaldocumentation,manufacturingandtestingofmodelsandprototypesofsensors;•Designandmanufacturingofsensorsanddevicesforincorporatinginsystemsagainstinvasionsonland,seaandairfornationalsecurityofEU-andNATO-membercountries.
17 17
Protection system against terrorist attacks Remote-controlled devices
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Research Achievements
•Sensorsbasedonvariousphysicalprinciples:microwavesensorsformovements,inductionsensors,acousticsensors,hydro-acousticsensors,Doplerradars,one-andthree-componentmagneticsensors;•Devicesforcollectingandprocessingofdata;•Devicesforcommunication;•Cameraswithdevicesforidentificationofmovingobjects;•Non-lethaldevicesforneutralizationofterrorists.
Research Results Implemented
•Industrialsecuritysystems;•Systemsforrestrictedentrance;•Systemsfordefenseagainstterrorism;•Systemsforprotectionofmilitarysites.
Research Methods and Apparatuses
•Methodsforcollectingandprocessingofdata;•Methodsforidentificationofobjects;•Methodsformathematicalmodeling.
18
Институт по металознание 2008 година
18
X-ray micro-analyzer - scanning electron microscope JEOL SUPERPROBE 733
Transmission electron microscope JEOL JEM 1011
Machine for tested surveillance specimens recovery
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
In the Field of Materials Testing and Analyses
Research and Development
•Investigationoftheinfluenceoftheproductionandprocessingmethodsonthematerialstructureformationandproperties;•Investigationoftheeffectofmaterialscharacteristicsontheirbehaviourunderstatic,dynamicandalternatingloading;•Developmentofnewmethodsanddevicesformaterialstesting;•Investigationofmaterialstress-strainstate;•Investigationoftheprocessesofmaterialsfractureundervariousconditionsandloadingtypes;•Investigationofmicro-andnano-structuresandmechanismsofsurfaceoxidelayerformationinmicrocrystallinealuminmalloystrips;•Studyofthehightemperaturedeformationmechanismsofmicrocrystallinealloys,strengtheningmechanismsinalloyingandpre-recrystallizationthermoplastictreatment;•Studyofdeformationparameterseffectsonthestructureformationandimprovementofmaterialsproperties;•Investigationsoftherelationshipstructure-properties-technologicalparametersintheprocessofsqueezecastingofmaterialsbasedonaluminumalloysandreinforcedbyceramicfibers,metalorceramicstructures.
Certified"Laboratoryformaterialanalysisandtesting,calibrationofmeasurementinstrumentation",holdingcertificateofaccreditationincompliancewiththerequirementsofBDSENISO/IEC17025.Thelaboratoryincludes:
19
Институт по металознание 2008 година
19
Quantitative analysis of LM, SEM and TEM images
Modernized assemblies with surveillance specimens for monitoring of WWER -1000 reactor pressure vessel metal
Versatile testing machine MTS for tension-pressure in the range from -120 оС to +500 оС
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Research Achievements
•Studyofthestructureformationprocessesincomplexconfigurationcastingproducedbythegascounter-pressurecastingmethod,creatingofinputdata-basefordevelopmentofmodelsfornumericalsimulationandoptimizationofthecastingprocessparameters;•Studyoftheprocessesofdeformationlocalizationinthestructureofhigh-strengthsteelssubjectedtodynamicalloading;•Detailedexaminationoftheeffectofaccidentalloadingonthestructure,fatiguecharacteristicsanddestructionmechanismsinsteelssubjectedtocyclicloading;•Investigationsofthemicro-andnano-structuresandmechanismsofsurfaceoxidelayerformationinmicrocrystallinealuminumalloysstrips;Thedepartmentisapermanentexecutantofcomplexinvestigationsonthemetalconditionofengineeringinstallationsinindustryandpowerengineering.
Laboratories
•Laboratory“Mechanicaltesting”;•Laboratory“Analyticalchemistry”;•Laboratory“Spectrometricanalysis”;•Laboratory“Non-metallicinclusionsandgasesinmetals”;•Laboratory“Metallography”;•Laboratory“Scanningelectronmicroscopyandmicroanalysis”;•Laboratory“Transmissionelectronmicroscopy”;•Laboratory“Auger-electronmicroscopy”;•Laboratory“X-raydiffractionanalysis”;•Laboratory“Non-destructivetesting”;•Laboratory“Corrosion”.
Certified"Laboratoryformaterialanalysisandtesting,calibrationofmeasurementinstrumentation",holdingcertificateofaccreditationincompliancewiththerequirementsofBDSENISO/IEC17025.Thelaboratoryincludes:
20
Propullsion investigations of high speed catamaranequippedwithwaterjetpropulsors for Office of Naval Research, USA
Propeller cavitation tests for DELTA MARINE, Turkey
Model investigations of floating platforms for Keppel FELS, Singapore
Disaster investigation study for the National Investigating Agency, financed by the BG Government
Sailing ship “ROYAL HELENA” model investigations for MTG “Dolphin”, Bulgaria
Hydro- and Aerodynamics Centre
Research Achievements
•Developednovelexpressmulti-variantshipsoptimizationschemes;•Performedtheoreticalpredictionsandimprovementsofshipperformanceinrealoperationalconditions;•Performedinvestigationsofwave/windenergyutilizationfacilities;•UnderdevelopmentisinlandandshortseashippingsimulationfacilityforDanubeRiverandBlackSeanavigation;•Complexinvestigationsonhighspeedcatamaranmanoeuvrabilityatstillwater,wavesandshallowwaterareinaprocessofrealization;•Performedinvestigationsofresistanceandpropulsivefactorsofdisplacementhulls,high-speedmarinevehicles,bargesandbargetrainsindeepandshallowwater;•Performedopenwaterinvestigationsofpropellers,propellersinnozzles,poddedpropellersaswellascavitationinvestigationsfordeterminingtheirhydrodynamiccavitation,unsteadypressurecharacteristics;•Investigatedmodelaerodynamicparametersofdifferentobjects,shipparts,subseaapparatuses,transportmeans,aircrafts;•Investigatedairflowsintheshipdecksregions,citymicroregions,industrialbuildings,etc.;•Carriedoutlaboratorymodelinvestigationsoflay-outofportandcoastalengineeringstructureswith
TheHydro-andAerodynamicsCentre-Varna(internationallyknownasBulgarianShipHydrodynamicsCentre(BSHC))isperformingfundamentalandappliedresearchaswellaseducationandtraininginthefieldofshiphydrodynamics,aerodynamics,watertransport,oceanandcoastalengineering,seaandrivercrisesanddisasters,environmentalprotection,renewableenergysources,nationalsecurityanddefenceetc.infavourofthesociety.
Research and Development in the Fields of:
•Shiphydrodynamics;•Hydro-andaerodynamicsoptimizationofships,platforms,engineeringstructures;•Shippowering;•Shipdynamicsandoceanengineering;•Coastalengineeringandmarineecology;•Aerodynamics;•Seaandrivercrisesanddisasters;•Watertransportefficiency;•Marineengineeringsoftware;•Fishingandaquaculturefacilities;•Renewablemarinesources;•Nationalsecurityanddefense;•Measuringequipmentmanufacturing;•Simulationandtraining;•CAD/CAMofmodelsforexperimentalinvestigations.
Aerodynamic resistance investigation of undersea Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) for ABRITUS SOFT Ltd, Bulgaria/France
Model investigation on a WAVECAT device for near beach wave energy utilization for VICUS DESARROLLOS TECNOLOGICOS S.L., Spain
MODELS MANUFACTURE
21 simulationofregularandirregularwavesandlittoralcurrents;•Developedanewdesignandengineeringconceptsforshipsinoperationandenergysavingofseagoingandrivervessels;•Developedtelematiclinksbetweenharbors,vesselsandadministrationandinvestigatedenvironmentalimpactanalysisofnavigation;•Ensureddataacquisitionandstatisticalprocessingduringandaftermodelinvestigationscarriedoutbycustomscientificinterfacesoftware;•Developedandappliedcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)packagesallowingacostefficientanalysisofthehydrodynamicperformanceofshipsandmarinestructures;•Performedmeasurementsofforcesonafishnetconstructionsanddeformationofthefishnetundercurrentandwaveaction;•Performedmomentsandforcesmeasurementsbetweentheelementsofthefloatingfishfarmcagesystemundercurrentandwaveaction;•Manufacturedmorethan500shipmodels(madeofwood,plastics)upto12meterslongandmoldsforracingvessels,floatingdrillingplatforms,pleasurefacilities,complex-formbodies,etc.ofdimensionsuptoL=12.0m,B=2.40m,H=1.20m,aswellaslargercompositestructures,alsoover700propellers,nozzles,poddedpropellers,waterjetspropellersmodels;•Developedexperimentalequipment-automatedinstallationsforshipmodelforcedoscillations,gauge
calibrationunits,steeringgears,etc;•Developedcomputersimulationsystems;•Performedmorethan100scientificappliedinvestigationsundercontractsfor14countriesfromEurope,Asia,North/SouthAmerica.
Since02November2009anewaerodynamicsresearchandtraininglaboratoryisfunctioningforthefollowingpurposes:airpressureloadingofconstructionsofindustrialandcivilbuildings,airresistanceoftransportobjects,metrologicalsecurityofairflowscharacteristicsmeasuringinstruments,ecologyanddefense,aswellasfortrainingandpresentationpurposes.ThemainlinesofmodernHigh-Techdevelopmentsare:•submarinehandlingsimulator“Valna”;•underwaterapparatusesformilitarypurposeshydro/aerodynamicallyinvestigated.
TheCentreisinvolvedinseveralinternationalprojects:•“Promotionofhigh-techinhydrodynamicsresearch”•“Coordinatedactionsonoceanenergy,ultilization,CA-OE”;•NATOprojectNIREUS”Virtualship”.
HYDRO- AND AERODYNAMICS CENTRETel:+35952370500Fax:+35952370514E-mail:office@bshc.bgWebsite:www.bshc.bg
22 22
Welding process Welding of tubes
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Centre of Welding
• Investigation and measurement of temporary and residual stresses in welded and other constructions:Non-destructivemethodsareappliedfor
measurementofthestressesinweldedandotherconstructionsbyusingportablecomputerizedapparatusesthatpermitcarryingoutthemeasurementsinconditionsofproductionandassembly.• Reduction and redistribution of the residual welding stresses:UnderaNATOproject,anewmethodisdeveloped
forreductionandredistributionoftheresidualweldingstressesbylocalexplosivetreatment.Themethodisparticularlysuitableforlargeweldedconstructionsorforconstructionsofheterogeneousmetalswhentheheattreatmentisinapplicable.Appliedtechnologiesforreductionandredistributionofresidualweldingstressesintanksandreservoirsareelaborated;Investigationsarecarriedoutforoptimizationofthe
parametersoftherelaxationprocesswiththepurposetoincreaseitsefficiency.• Development and approval of welding technologies and procedures:Weldingproceduresaredeveloped,testedand
approvedincompliancewithBDSЕNISO15607,BDSЕNISO15609,BDSЕNISO15614.
The main activities of the Centre of Welding are in the field of:
• Examination and testing of the weldability of different materials (steels, plastics, etc.):Mechanicalcharacteristicsarestudiedandtested
atnormal,highandlowtemperatures.Besidesthetraditionaltestmethods,anewnon-destructivemethodisalsoappliedfordeterminationofthestrengthofsteelsbymeasuringthehardness.Themeasurementsareperformedbyportablecomputerizedapparatusandcouldbecarriedoutinconditionsofproductionorassembly.Inthatwaycuttingofsamplesfromtheconstructionsisavoided;Anoriginalmethodfordeterminationofthe
weldabilityofsteelsbyquantitativeassessmentoftheirresistancetoformationofcoldweldingcracksisdevelopedandapplied.• Examination and testing, welding materials and welded joints:Mechanicalcharacteristicsofweldupmetal,seam
metalandweldedjointarestudiedandtestedatnormal,highandlowtemperatures.Thermo-physicalcharacteristicsofweldupmetalarealsodetermined(heatconductivityfactor,thermalexpansioncoefficient,etc.).
23 23
Preparation of oil-pipeline for welding using technologies developed by the Institute
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
• Development of technologies and equipment for special welding methods:Diffusionweldinginvacuumofhomogeneousand
none-homogeneousmaterials;Weldinginnarrowgapofthickjoints.
• Simulation and numerical modeling of welding processes:Adatabaseforcarryingoutsimulationexaminations
andverificationofnumericalmodelsiscompiled.Newmodelsarefoundanddevelopedforthethermalanddeformationprocesses,fortheprocessesofstructureandphasetransformationsduringwelding.• Training and qualification - Center for Professional Training in Welding at the IMS-BAS:TheCenterorganizesandconductscoursesfor
trainingofweldersonnationalandinternationallevel.Commonusedweldingprocesseslike:MMA,MAG/MIG,TIG,Oxy-acetylenegasweldingandcutting,submergedarcwelding,areincludedinthetrainingprograms.Thequalificationtestsareonthreequalification
levels:FilletWelder;PlateWelder;Tube(Pipe)Welder.
AttheCenterforProfessionalTrainingarealsoorganizedcoursesforweldingcoordinationandinspectionpersonnelwiththefollowinglevelsofcompetency:•InternationalWeldingSpecialist(IWS)-acc.Doc.
IAB-252-07•InternationalWeldingPractitioner(IWP)-acc.Doc.
IAB-252-07•InternationalWeldingInspector(IWI)-acc.Doc.
IAB-041-06
The Center for Professional Training in Welding is licensed by the National Agency for professional education and training and by the Bulgarian center for qualification in welding through the International Institute of Welding (IIW).
24
Институт по металознание 2008 година
24 TheInstituteisoneoftheleadingorganizationsinBulgariainthefieldofnationalsecurityanddefense.ConsiderableshareoftheInstitute’sactivitiesisrelatedtoinvestigation,designandproductionofhigh-techdefenseequipmentandsystems,includingdevelopmentofhigh-techanti-terroristssystemsaccordingtotheNATO’sconceptionsfordefenseagainstterrorism.ThemaindefenseproductsoftheIMSETHCare:
Products and systems against invasion by • water:Familyofseamines(anti-invasionmines,bottom•mines,diversion(“Limpet”)mines);High-techunderwaterfusesforexistingexplosive•devicesandmines;Underwateranti-diversiondevices;•Underwatergrenades;•Hydro-acousticmanagementsystems;•Mine-layingequipment.• Products and systems against invasion by • land and air:Familyofanti-tankmines;•Familyofanti-helicoptermines;•High-techfusesforexistinganti-tankmines;•Remotecontrolledignitionsystems;•Armorsforlightandheavyarmoredvehicles;•Meansforpersonnelindividualprotection.•Products and systems against terrorist action:• Systemsforprotectionofharborsagainst•underwaterandsurfaceterroristattacks;
Guardsystemsforprotectionofimportant•targetsandborderareas;Meansforprotectionofhelicoptersagainst•RPGs;Familyofhandgrenadesagainstterroristthreats•andforhostagesavingoperations;Equipmentforexplosivedevicesdetection;•Meansforindividualarmorprotectionofanti-•terrorismunitsofficers.
TheIMSETHCisinvolvedinseveralinternationalR&Ddefenseprojects:
NATOProgramforprotectionofhelicopters•againstRPGs;NATOProgramforharborprotectionagainst•terroristactions;NATOProgramfordevelopmentofanti-•personnelminesalternative-theInstituteistheleadingorganizationonBulgariansite;Bilateralprojectonimprovedprotectionof•armoredvehiclesagainstkineticprojectilesandshapecharges;Bilateralprojectonmethodsandsystemsfor•detectionofimprovisedexplosivedevices.
AnumberoftheIMSETHCsecurityanddefenseproductsandsystemshavebeenacceptedforusewiththeBulgarianArmedForcesandhavebeendeliveredtoabout20countries,mostofthemEUand/orNATOmembers.
High-Tech Products and Systems for Defense and Security
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
25
Институт по металознание 2008 година
25
Critical Infrastructure Protection Warning Surveillance System Warning Surveillance System Architecture
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
TheNationalCenterforAnti-terroristAdvancedSystemswasfoundedattheInstitutein2008.TheCentreisconductingactivitiesconnectedwithresearchanddevelopmentoftechnicalandoperationalconceptsforadvancedprojectsandtechnologiesagainstterrorism.TheCenteriscarryingoutresearch,developmentandexperimentalactivitiesinthefieldofnewdefenseandsecuritytechnologiesandproducts.ThespecificgoalsoftheCentreare:1.Toprovideadequateparticipationin:•nationalprogramsandprojectsagainstterrorism;•NATODATProgramme;•implementationofEUStrategyagainstterrorism;•activitiesoftheinternationalnetworkofCentresofExcellence intheanti-terroristarea.
2.ToprovidesynergyofexpertactivitiesandresultsonthebaseofparticipationinsomeNATODATprojects:•Reducingthevulnerabilityofhelicopterstorocket-propelledgrenades (RPGs);•Harbourprotection;•Protectionofcriticalinfrastructure;•Developingnon-lethalmeansforprotection.
3.TrainingofnationaloperationalandtechnicalpersonnelandNATOmissions-orientedpersonnel.
www.homeland-security-center.bg
National Center for Anti-terrorist Advanced Systems
26
Институт по металознание 2008 година
26
Engineering SciencesJournal of Materials Science and Technology
Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies “Acad. A. Balevski” with HydroAerodynamics Centre • 2010
Education
Periodicals and Journals
Editorial Office Address:InstituteofMetalScience,Equipment andTechnologies“Acad.A.Balevski” withHydroAerodynamicsCentre67ShipchenskyprohodSt.,1574SofiaTel./2/4626200Fax:/2/4626300e-mail:kruss@ims.bas.bgTothejournal'ssite:http://jmst.ims.bas.bg
Editorial Office Address:InstituteofMetalScience,Equipment andTechnologies“Acad.A.Balevski” withHydroAerodynamicsCentre67ShipchenskyprohodSt.,1574SofiaTel./2/4626239Fax:/2/4626300e-mail:ti_ims_bas@mail.bgTothejournal'ssite:es.ims.bas.bg
TheInstitutetutorspersonsworkingforDoctorsdegreeinregular,extra-muralandfreemannerinthefollowingscientificdisciplines:01.02.05 “FluidMechanics”02.03.01 “ShipTheory”02.15.17 “RiverandSeaConstruction”02.01.02 “Materialsciencetechnologyofthemachinebuildingmaterials”02.01.08 “Methodsofcontrolandtestingmaterials,productsand
apparatuses”02.01.17 “Technologies,machines,andsystemsforplastic,deformation
treatment”02.01.18 “Technologies,machinesandsystemsforfoundryproduction”02.09.01 “Materialscienceandheattreatmentofmetals”
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYItisthemostsignificantperiodicalinmetalscienceinBulgaria.Itssubject-mattercoversscientificandengineeringnoveltiesrelatedtoinvestigationanduseofmetals,alloys,engineeringceramics,polymers,composites,newmaterials,techniquesfornewcharacteristics.Itisissuedsince1993inEnglishlanguage,withfrequency4numbersperyear.Scientistsanduniversitylecturersfromabout40countriespublishinthejournaltheirachievementsandideas.Therelativeshareoftheforeignauthorsexceeds50percent.
ENGINEERING SCIENCESItisthemostsignificantBulgarianacademicjournalinthefieldofengineeringsciencesandispublishedinBulgarianandEnglishlanguageswithfrequency4issuesannually.Thesubject-mattercovers:materialscienceandtechnologyofmaterials,automationandtelemechanics,informationtechnologiesandcomputerengineering,waterissues,electrotechnics,urbanizationandarchitecture,otherareasoftheengineeringsciences.
27Институт по металознание 2008 година
Address:•
67ShipchenskyProhodSt,•
1574Sofia,BULGARIA•
Telephone:(+3592)4626200;•
Fax:(+3592)4626300;•
Website:http://www.ims.bas.bg•
top related