international journal of pharmaceutical research
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IJPR articles are Indexed in SCOPUSClick Here Impact Factor for Five Years is 0.13 (2013 - 2018).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCHA Step Towards Excellence
IJPR INCLUDED IN UGC-APPROVED LIST OF JOURNALS - REF. NO. IS SL. NO. 4812 & J. NO. 63703
Published by : Advanced Scientific Research
I S S N
0975-2366
C U R R E N T I S S U E
Volume 12,ISSUE 2, Apr - Jun,
2020
A R T I C L E I N P R E S S
Prevalence and Risk Factors
of Occupation Induced
Asthma among Traffic Police
in Bangalore City
To Estimate the Prevalence of
Depression, Anxiety, and
Stress among Adolescents in
Kancheepuram District, Tamil
Nadu
A Study on Risk Factors of
Anaemia among Pregnant
Women
An Approach of Nutritional
Deficiency Disorder among
Pregnant Women
The Determinants of Self Care
Practices By Using DSME to
Facilitate the Patients In
Kanchipuram District
An evaluation of
Epidemiological Factors
Relating to Overweight,
Obesity in Urban Chennai
A study on the Pattern of Body
Image Perception among
Adolescents in Urban Chennai
Impact of an External and
Internal factors of overweight
and obesity in urban
A study on Anti-Rabies
Vaccine among Dog Bite
Victims in chennai region
Hospital Based Cross
Sectional Study: Distribution
of Compliance for completion
of ARV 4 dose among study
participants
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
A D O B E R E A D E R
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I J P R 9 [ 3 ] J U LY -
S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 7
S P E C I A L I S S U E
July - September 9[3] 2017
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GO
Volume 11, Issue 4, Oct - Dec, 2019
R E V I E W
A narrative review of heavy metals in cosmetics; health risks
SOMAYE SAFAVI, RAHELEH NAJARIAN, MORAD RASOULI-AZAD,
SHAGHAYEGH MASOUMZADEH, AMIR GHADERI, RAZIE EGHTESADI
R E S E A R C H
Cytotoxicity Effecting of New Ligand (LCl) and it's Complexes on a breast
cancer
HUDA SAGBANLATEEF, AREEJ ALI JARULLAH, FADHILLAFTAFARAJ
Study of Aminoacy lt RAN-SynthetaseComplex Interacting Multifunctional
Protein 1 and Liver Enzymes in Iraqi Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing
Chemotherapy
EIMAN A., BAYADER ABDUL HUSSEIN
The Protective Activity of Broccoli Alcoholic Extract Against Augmentin
effects In white Albino Male Rats
NOOR AL-QARAGHULIA, SAHERMAHMOODJWADALJAMALIB, ESRAA MAHDI
ZAHID
Production of a therapeutically important Lasparginase enzyme under
optimum conditions from Bacillus subtilusmutant isolate
ASMAA HUSSEIN, MAYS T. ABDALLAH, HADEEL M. KHALAF
Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of biofilm and some Antibiotic Resistance
Gene in Staphylococcusaureus Isolated From Patients Suffering From
Tonsillitis
New method for the evaluation of propranolol with phosphotungstic
acidvialong distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) using
continuous flow injection analysis
ELHAM MEZAAL, NAGAM S. TURKEY
Interfacial and Thermodynamic Properties of Tween 80 Surfactant-Ibuprofen
Drug System
MARYAM A.AZEEZ, SAMEER H. KAREEM
Synthesis and characterization of new 1,2,4-triazole, Oxazoline and
Thiazoline derivatives from 2,5 dimarcaptothiadiazole
MOHAMMAD R. AHMED
Removal of Pharmaceutical Amoxicillin drug by using (CNT) decorated Clay/
Fe2O3 Micro/Nanocomposite as effective adsorbent: Process optimization
for ultrasound-assisted adsorption
ASEEL ALJEBOREE, ABASS NOOR ALSHIRIFI, AYAD F. ALKAIM
Synthesis ,Characterization and Liquid Crystal Properties Study of
NovelNematic Liquid Crystal Compound.
MOHAMMED HASAN, SAWSANBUSHRA HASAN
A one-pot Synthesisof 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)- onesvia Three-Component
Cyclocondensation Reactionof Isatoic Anhydride, Amines,andAldehydesCatalyzed
by NaHSO4
OBAID ABID, AHMED KHAMEES RAMADAN
The Impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reeducates gene polymorphisms
on Iraqi patients with diabetic nephropathy
SAFA. ALI, ZAYNAB.A.RAZZAQALSHARIFI, ALI.E.ELAWY
Study Effect of Cigarette Smoking on the Liverenzymes
SHEERIN ABBAS, ZAMEN AHMED HUSSEIN, SUMAIYAHAFET, WAFAA
ALIMOTASHER
Association of Ghrelin Levels with Insulin Resistance in Iraqi Patients with
Myocardial Infarction
HAMSAGHWAMER GHAZI, NAWALM.J.AL-SHAMMAA
O N L I N E S U B M I S S I O N
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HomeHome About UsAbout Us Editorial BoardEditorial Board Instruction to AuthorsInstruction to Authors Current IssueCurrent Issue Article In PressArticle In Press Table Of ContentsTable Of Contents
View Issues http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewIssue.aspx?Volume=25&Issue=53
1 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM
IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION AND AEROSOL DISPERSION PERFORMANCE OF
TERBUTALINE SULPHATE AND ITRACONAZOLE NANOPARTICLES AS DRY
POWDER INSUFFLATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA PREPARED BY
PHYSICAL MIXING AND SPRAY DRYING
VENUGOPALAIAH.PENABAKA , B.KUMAR, N.B.L.PRASAD
PRELIMINARY SCREENING OF A CLASSICAL UNANI FORMULATION
MAJOON NAJAH FOR ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY
ZEBA AFRIN, AISHA SIDDIQUI, M.A JAFRI, DIVYA VOHORA, M ASIF
Oxidation of Capecitabine - anticancer drug by potassium ferrate (VI) in
alkaline medium: A kinetic and mechanistic approach.
VIDYAVATI SHASTRY, S. YAMUNA PRINCY
Antioxidant and Anti-Radical Effects ofQuercetin and Rutin: Methyl Linoleate
Model
L.A. ZHURAVLEVA, S.S. ZYKOVA, V.S. TALISMANOV, ?.G. KARMANOVA
Antibiotics stewardship practice among community pharmacists in
Indonesia: A cross-sectional survey
B.PHARM, IKAPUSPITASARI, PH.D, SUSI ARI KRISTINA PH.D
The effects of gabapentin and ibuprofen on pain and reduction of morphine
consumption in patients suffering from orthopedic fractures admitted in
hospital emergency room
PARVIN KASHANI, AMIN SABERINIA
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF EMULSIFYING TABLET
OF DEXAMETHASONE
DEBABRATA DASTIDAR, SOUVIK GHOSH, ABHIJIT SENGUPTA, DIPANJAN
GHOSH, DIBYA DAS, GOURANGA DUTTA, NILAYAN GUHA
Comparative study of the polyphenol content related-antioxidant and anti-
inflammatory activities of methanolic extracts from different parts of Hertia
cheirifolia
KATIA ABDELOUHAB, SANA AOUACHRIA, THORAYA GUEMMEZ,
NOUREDDINE CHAREF, ABDERRAHMANE BAGHIANI, HAYETTE
LOUAÏLECHE, RYSZARD AMAROWICZ, LEKHMICI ARRAR
Knowledge, attitude and perception of general public on the cognitive
pharmaceutical care services provided by community pharmacists – A Cross
sectional study
M. DEEPALAKSHMI, KP. ARUN, SMRUTHY ANN MATHEW, DHARINI
BOOPATHI, S.PONNUSANKAR
Assessment of anti-quorum sensing potential of selected medicinal plant
extracts using Chromobacterium violaceum
GUNJANKUMAR MEHTA*, VASANTBA J. JADEJA
The Effect of Zinc Sulphate Mouth Rinse on Halitosis Compared With
Chlorhexidine and Placebo Rinses:A Comparative Study
MAHA AL–SAFFAR
Optimization of composition and development of technology for capsules of dry
extract of Cichorium Intybus l.
JALILOV MAMARAHIMOVICH, KAMBAROV KHUSAN DJAHANGIROVICH,
FAYZULLAEVA NODIRA SULTANOVNA, BEKCHANOV KHAMDAM KUZIEVICH,
KARIEVA EKUT SAIDKARIMOVNA
Data of the operative treatment of axial deformations of lower extremities in
children
AKHRORBEK DJURAEV, DAVLYATLYAR BABADJANOV, KHAYRULLA
RAKHMATULLAEV
Application of pharmacological therapy to improve the results of surgical
treatment of children with congenital funnel-shaped deformation of the chest
KHODJANOV ISKANDAR, RUZIKULOV UKTAM, NURMUKHAMEDOV
KHURSHID
Evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy with calcium-containing
compounds of experimental osteoporosis.
NIZOM ERMATOV, INOYATOV AMRILLO, MAVLONOV ANVAR, SAIDOV
SAIDAMIR, BOBOKHANOV OTABEK
Study of acute and subchronic toxicity of "phytodiabetol"
ALLAEVA ,, DILSHOD ACHILOV, MAKHSUMOV SHARAFIDDIN,
MAMADJANOVA MUNIRAKHON
The effectiveness of red palm oil in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.
NIZOM ERMATOV, SHAYKHOVA GULI, SALOMOVA FERUZA, AZIZOVA
FERUZA, RUSTAMOV BAKHTIYOR
Use of formalin as an immunostimulant in animal immunization to produce
specific serum precursors
POPOV VYACHESLAV, BAKHRIEV IBRAHIM, CHORIEV BERUNIY, HASANOVA
MUKARRAM, AKHMEDOV TULKIN
Specific activity of a new antiallergic ointment in the treatment of contact
allergic dermatitis
KHATAMOV KHAYRULLA, SUYAROV AKRAM, ZIYADULLAEV SHUKHRAT,
KIREEV VADIM, MUKHTOROV SHERZOD, ALIMZHANOVA LOLA
Peculiarities of pancreatitis flow in biliary etiology and effectiveness of the
treatment tactics
NAZIROV FERUZ, DEVYATOV ANDREY, IBADOV RAVSHAN, BABADJANOV
AZAM, ABDULLAJONOV BAXROM
0.07 2017CiteScore
11th percentile
Powered by
View Issues http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewIssue.aspx?Volume=25&Issue=53
2 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM
A review on compatibility study of sucralfate and metoprolol succinate for
the formulation of bilayer floating tabletas a GRDDS.
SREEDHAR DAS, DR BIBHUTI BHUSANA PANIGRAHI, DR MANOJ KUMAR
PANI
Preliminary screening of a classical unani formulation majoonnajah for
anticonvulsant activity
ZEBA AFRIN, AISHA SIDDIQUI, M.A JAFRI, DIVYA VOHORA, M ASIF
Evaluation of Acute and Sub acute toxicity of Siddha formulation of
Thetranvidhaikudineer
P ELANKANI*,, G DAYANAND REDDY, M PITCHIAH KUMAR, N KABILAN, R
GANESAN, G V NARASIMHA KUMAR, K DHANARAJ, K.BHAVANI
A prospective study on the assessment of the quality of life in patients with
locally advanced carcinoma cervix preand post-chemo-radiotherapy
NAVANEETHA SUBRAMANIYAN, PRANABANDHU DAS, AMMAGUNTA
HARITHA, VARADHA RAVI KISHORE, NAYAB REENAZ, VELAMALA SRILATHA,
ANNA BALAJI, BV SUBRAMANIAN
CAD System forLung cancer detection using Adaptive NeuroFuzzy Classifier
C.S.SHYLAJA , R.ANANDAN, A.SAJEEV RAM
Optimization of Sonication Time on Physical Characteristics of
Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction
NI AYU, PUTU SANNA YUSTIANTARA, NI WAYAN SINTA DARMA ENI
Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion
on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction
NI AYU, PUTU SANNA YUSTIANTARA, IDA AYU SINTHA DEVI
Diabetes Disease Analysis and Prediction by applying Decision Tree, Naïve base
and Random Forestalgorithms
WASEEM NSAIF, LAITH TALIB RASHEED, SADDM HAMDANAHMED, MARAM SAAD
NSAIF
Identify and analyze the relationship between the Proportions of secretions
of testosterone hormones to the users with their behavior in a social media
websites using artificial intelligence algorithms.
RAFAT HASHIM, QASIM MAHDI HAREF, HAZIM SALMAN MAJEED, WASEEM
SAAD NSAIF
The Effect of Using Nigella sativa (Black Caraway) on the level Erythropoietin
and the Achievement of 1500 meters Wheelchair Racing
ALAA HAIDAR, AHMED SHAKIR MAHMMOOD, WASEEM SAAD NSAIF
Extraction of some pharmacy kinetic variants using an adjuvant designed for
the development of the posterior aerodynamic cornea on the parallel device
of the Junior Technician
DR. RIYADH, AB. FARHAN, PROF. DR. FERDOUS M AMEEN, WASEEM SAAD
NSAIF
Formulation and Evaluation of Delayed Release Capsule of Dimethyl
Fumarate with Novel Technology
ANJALI KUMARI, RAJESH KUMAR, BALWAN SINGH
The Protective Impact of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) against Indomethacin-
induced Renal Injury in Embryos andNeonatal (Newborns) Kidneys of White
Female Rats During Pregnancy
DALAL KAZEM, DR. SAHER MAHMOOD JAWD ALJAMALI
Synthesis and Charecterization of New Chalcone-Azo Ligands and Its
Transition Metal Mixed Ligands Complexes with A Cytotoxic Activity study of
Pd (II) Complex
AFAQ KADHIUM, S.M. MAHDI, FAEZ. AALRAMAHI
An Efficient Approach of the Morbidity Pattern of Elderly Population based
on BMI
P. MOHAN, R. MURALI
Ethanobotanical study of Subhartipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. I. Diversity
and pharmacological significance of trees
RAJ SINGH, SUSHIL KUMAR UPADHYAY, ANJU RANI, PERMOD KUMAR, AMIT
KUMAR, POOJA SHARMA
Potential ActivityofNaringeninagainst Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in
Male mice
WIDAD AL-JABBAR, HUSSEIN ABDULKADHIM, WADDAH MAHBOBA, GHIZAL
FATIMA , NAJAH R HADI
Effect of GinsenosideinInduced RenalIschemia- Reperfusion Injury in Mice
YASMEEN HUSSIEN, HUSSEIN ABDALKADIM, NAJAH R. HADI, WADDAH
MAHBOBA, HAYDER A. AL-AUBAIDY
Comparison of 10% povidone iodine and sterile water as a periuretra
cleansing solutionbefore the insertion of indwelling urinecathetheron the
occurance of bacteria
ANDRI NUGRAHA, TANTRI PUSPITA, IIN PATIMAH, ANGGA DIPA NAGARA
Rejection and Breaks in Pharmaceutical Call Center
M.MULLAI
Assessment of anti-quorum sensing potential of selected medicinal plant
extracts using Chromobacterium violaceum
GUNJANKUMAR MEHTA, VASANTBA J. JADEJA
View Issues http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewIssue.aspx?Volume=25&Issue=53
3 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM
Effect of PEG 4000 in the crystal engineering of Candesartan Cilexetil for
solubility enhancement by Polymer Enriched Bridging Liquid technique
MANOJ K, SEENIVASAN P, ARUL K, SENTHIL KUMAR M
Physiological response of the rheological parameters of erythrocytes to
regular physical exertion in individuals of the first mature age who are at risk
of hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances
I.N. MEDVEDEV
Oral Dispersible Film Containing Eletriptan Hydrobromide for Treatment of
Migraine: Design, Formulation, Evaluation and Optimization
SWAPNIL PALVE, RAJENDRA MOGAL, NAYAN GUJARATHI, ANIL JADHAV
Effect of Wiper Exercise and External Rotation Exercise in Side-lying on the
Muscle Activity and Thickness of the Infraspinatus
JUNG-GEUN MSC, TAE-HO KIM, PHD, DA-YEON KIM, PHD, SO-HEE KIM,
MSC, SANG-UK HYUN, MSC
Simulation Methods as An Effective Tool for Solving Healthy Applied and
Theoretical Problems
OLGA TORSHINA, LYUDMILA PANOVA, ELENA MOSKVINA, LARISA
SMIRNOVA, YULIYA SOMOVA, ALEKSANDR LIMAREV, SERGEJ ZOTOV,
EKATERINA MAKHACHEVA, MARS KHAYRULLIN
Effects of Trunk and Neck Stabilization Exercises Using Visual Information
on Trunk Control and Gross Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy
SO-HEE KIM, HYUN-CHUL HWANG, SANG-UK HYUN, TAE-HO KIM
A Review on Isolation of Endophytes from Indian Medicinal Plants
SUJATHA EDUPUGANTI, P. HARI KRISHNA, RAJESH GOUD GAJULA
Impact of adoption of aerobic exercise on stress management among bank
executives
DR.C.KATHIRAVAN
Clinical and microbiological evaluation of local application efficiency of m-chip in
complex treatment of periodontitis
EKATERINA MIKHAYLOVA, MARGARITA O. NIKOLAEVA, IRINA V. KOROLEVA
Clinical and microbiological assessment of periodontal tissues in patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus
EKATERINA MIKHAYLOVA, PAVEL V. LASHCHENOV, IRINA V. KOROLEVA
Immunity of the Nasal Mucosa in Premature Infants of the First Year of Life
ALBINA KALIMULLINA, VICTORIA AMIROVA, LILIYA AZNABAEVA, SVETLANA
LARIONOVA, NATALIA SHAFAZHINSKAYA, NIKITA LOGACHEV, NIKOLAI
MAKSIMYUK
Effect of Ambulation Time on the Neurological Complication after Spinal
Anesthesia with Bupivacaine
BANFSHEH MASHAK, FATEMEH BAYAT, SARA ESMAELZADEH SAEIEH, MITRA
RAHIMZADEH, SEDIGHEH NOSRATI ABARGHOOEE, MINA ATAEI
Evaluation of the Effect of Caffeine on Apnea of Preterm Neonates Hospitalized in
Intensive care unit: A clinical trial
ALIREZA MOTLAGH, PARASTO TOSI, MITRA RAHIMZADEH
Adrenal tumors in pediatric practice
ALIMOUKHAMEDOVA AIBEKOVNA, KHALIMOVA ZAMIRA YUSUFOVNA
The prevalence of chronic pyelonephritis in Women with disturbed tolerance for
glucose
ASLONOVA I.ZH., ERKINOVA N.E, TOSHEVA KH.B.
Basis of principles of diagnostic and treatment of heading
BABADJANOVA Z.KH., ZHABBOROVA O.I
A modern view of the etiopathogenesis of back pain and patient management
approaches
BABADJANOVA Z.KH., HALIMOVA D.ZH, MUSAEVA R.KH
A brief review on Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC)
SHEETAL RATHOD, DR. SHAILESH V. LUHAR, DR. SACHIN B. NARKHEDE
Effects of repeatedly subcutaneous injection of silver nanoparticles on liver and
kidney functions in male rats
SHAYMAA MADHKHOOR, MAKEYA ABDULJABBAR HASOUN
Development and Validation of Bendmustine Hydrochloride for Injection and
Studies of Degradation By Using Reverse Phase Liquid chromatography
SRIDHAR J.V.S, LAVKUMAR UPALLA, ANDREWS B. S. A, V.D.N. KUMAR ABBARAJU,
NAGARAJU DASARI
Micronutrient and their role in stress related disorders
SHARON SAMKUTTY, VENKATACHALAM H, JAYASHREE B.S.
A Review on Anxiety and Its Current Drug Treatment
RITIKA SHARMA, DR. PRADEEP GOYAL
In-silico docking studies of phytometabiolites from traditional plant Rujamari
(Rosmarinus officinalis) against human Topoisomerases I&II
M.V.N.L. CHAITANYA, P. NARENDRA KUMAR, C. OBULA REDDY, K. MADHURI, K.
SHANTHI, S JUBIE
Measurement of Ulnar Variance in Indian population
DR. ATHIKARI, DR.KALANITHI RAMANUSAN, DR.YESHWANTH SUBASH
View Issues http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewIssue.aspx?Volume=25&Issue=53
4 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM
Assessment of prescribing pattern of oral anti diabetic drugs in a tertiary care
hospital
GIKKU VARGHESE, CHERYLN ANN CHACKO, JEFFIN JOSEPH, CATHERIN BABU,
MR.PHILIP JACOB, DR.ROSHINY THANKOM JAMES
Indicators of Variability of Heart Rhythm In Patients With Chronic Lung Disease On
The Background Of Therapy By Bronhodilators
RINA ARAMISOVA, MADINA ZH. ATTAEVA, MADINA V. GURIZHEVA, ZARETA A.
KAMBACHOKOVA, MADINA KH. KARDANOVA, LEYLYA M. TAUKENOVA, KARINA A.
GYATOVA
Contribution of the antiradical mechanism to the total antioxidant activity of
heterocyclic compounds
S.S. ZYKOVA, S.V. PONOSOV
Chemical Constituents, Antimicrobial and Antiinflammatory Evaluations of Various
Extracts ofSuaeda vera Forssk. Growing in Saudi Arabia
ARAFA MUSA
Pathogenic bacteria associated with acute childhood diarrhea and their
susceptibility profiling in Misan Province, Iraq
NOORALDEN JASIM, DIANA BASIM ABDULHAMEED AL-QAYSI
Quality of IOL is predictive of posterior capsule opacification that needed yag laser
capsulotomy for correction of quality of vission: a cohort study
DR. YOUSIF
Antidiabetic Activity of Chrozophorarottlerileaves extracts in streptozotocin
induced diabetic rats
SRILAKSHMI NALLAPATI, UMASANKAR KULANDAIVELU, GSN KOTESWARA RAO,
SIVA PRASAD PANDA, RAJASEKHAR REDDY ALAVALA
Orodispersible tablet Based on amorphous surface solid dispersions of
Roxithromycin
NARENDRA YADAV, PRABHAT KUMAR UPADHYAY, MANISH KUMAR, BEENA
KUMARI
Functional Outcome with Usage of Internal fixation in Intra - Articular Distal
Radius Fractures
A.M. AMUTHAN, M. NARAYANA REDDY
Clinico-Radiological Outcome of Fracture Middle 3RD Clavicle Treated Non-
Operatively and With Plate Osteo Synthesis - A Comparative Study
J. PURUSHOTHAMAN
A Comparatives Study of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur Treated with
Dynamic Hip Screw Versus Proximal Femoral Nail
VIJAY CHANDHAR, M. NARAYANA REDDY
Clinical Accuracy of Mcmurray Test and Thessaly Test in Meniscal Injuries and
their Correlation with MRI
KORPU RAM, M. NARAYANA REDDY
An Investigation of Injury Parameters of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
DIVAKER FENN, M. NARAYANA REDDY
A Comparative Study of Functional Outcome in Patients with Early Osteoarthritis
of Knee Treated with Platelet-Rich Plasma with Conventional Treatment
M.K. KUMAR, M. NARAYANA REDDY
Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis A Virus in Paediatric Outpatients
Attending A Tertiary Care Hospital - A Cross-Sectional Study
C. GANESH, L. UMADEVI, G. GANAVI
Effects of Mate, Renal, and Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Perinatal and Neuro
Developmental Outcomes in Infants - A Prospective Cohort Study
F.J. REENA, L. UMADEVI, G. RAJAGURU
Overweight and Obesity Related to Food Consumption and Physical Activity
inSchool Children aged 9-14,ofState Educational Institutions in Cerro
Colorado District,Arequipa-Peru
KLINGE VILLALBA-CONDORI, HANIA CAROLA BERROA-GARATE, JOSÉ
OSCAR BEGAZO MIRANDA, TERESA RAMOS-QUISPE, LUIS ALBERTO
PONCE-SOTO
Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Pathophysiological mechanisms,
Therapeutic interventions and Biomarkers
REEMA MITRA, , PRADEEP GOYAL
Effect of TSH suppression therapy on serum minerals in newly diagnosed
hypothyroid patients.
A. LALITHAMMA, , VADIVEL.S
Quality by design (QBD) approach to develop RPHPLC method for determination of
diltiazem hydrochloride
SANDHYA JAISWAL, G.D.GUPTA
A Modified and Credible Methods to Estimate Nitrofurantoin In the Standard of
Substances and Pharmaceutical Dosage
, KHAWLA SALMAN ABD ALRASSOL, QUTAIBA A. QASIM, GHASSAN SALAH
AHMED, H. N. K. AL-SALMAN*
An Examination of Nutritional Status: To Know the Prevalence of Regional
Osteoporosis
DIVAKER FENN, M. NARAYANA REDDY
View Issues http://www.ijpronline.com/ViewIssue.aspx?Volume=25&Issue=53
5 of 7 1/27/2020, 10:54 PM
Evocation of Physical Pain of Osteoporosis in Patients
VIJAY CHANDHAR, KORPU VENKATA RAM KISHORE
Characterization of Nutraceutical Properties of Date Palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.)
Kernels
HOSNI. S, ABD GANI. S.S, HALMI. M.I.E, ZAIDAN. U.H
A Framework base analyzing cancer cells in blood Image segmentation by using
convolution neural networks
V. KAKULAPATI, S. MAHENDER REDDY
Examination of Femoral Neck to Recognize the Prevalence of Regional
Osteoporosis in Patients
F.J. REENA, L. UMADEVI
Analysis of Femur Bone Density in Study to Identify the Prevalence of Regional
Osteoporosis
G. RAJAGURU, F.J. FRANCIS REENA
Descriptive Analysis of Spine Bone Density in Study to know the Prevalence of
Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
J. PURUSHOTHAMAN, KORPU VENKATA RAM KISHORE
Relationship of Femoral Neck with Age Group of Study to Recognize the
Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Patients
G. RAJAGURU, C. ARUN GANESH
A Study of Association of Femoral Bone Density with Age Group in Patients
L. UMADEVI, F.J. FRANCIS REENA
Connection of Femoral Neck with Gender of Study to Distinguish the Prevalence of
Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
A.M. AMUTHAN, J. RAJA PURUSHOTHAMAN
Relationship of Femoral Bone Density with Gender of Study to be Acquainted with
the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
M. REDDY, M.K. VETRI KUMAR
A Study on Involvement of Spine with Gender of Study to Distinguish the
Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis
A.M. AMUTHAN, G. RAJAGURU
To Know the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients: Relationship of
Femoral Neck with Diabetes
M.K. KUMAR, M. NARAYANA REDDY
Construction of Association: Femoral with Nutritional Status
C. GANESH, VIJAY SHARATH CHANDHAR
A Study to know the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients based on the
Association of Spine with Diabetes
G. GANAVI, A.M. KAVIN AMUTHAN
Association of Femoral Neck with Nutritional Status of Study to Know the
Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
M.K. KUMAR, M. NARAYANA REDDY
Evocative Study to Identify the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
G. GANAVI, FRANCIS REENA
Comparison of Proportion of Osteoporosis based on between Spine and Femur T-
Scores to know the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in Patients
M. REDDY, M.K. VETRI KUMAR
A Descriptive Study for Identifying the Prevalence of Regional Osteoporosis in
Patients Using Association of Femoral with Religion
M.K. KUMAR, G. GANAVI
Association of Spine with Religion of Study to Know the Prevalence of Regional
Osteoporosis in Patients
C. GANESH, VIJAY SHARATH CHANDHAR
Bone Mineral Density at Different Sites to know the Prevalence of Regional
Osteoporosis in Patients
A.M. AMUTHAN, M. NARAYANA REDDY
Association of Spine with Age Group of Study to know the Prevalence of Regional
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717| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 -Research Article Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction NI PUTU AYU DEWI WIJAYANTI, PUTU SANNA YUSTIANTARA, IDA AYU SINTHA DEVI, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, University of Udayana, Bali, Indonesia. Email ID: dewi_wijayanti@unud.ac.id. Received: 18.08.19, Revised: 13.09.19, Accepted: 16.10.19 ABSTRACT Mangosteen rind fraction contains flavonoids and polyphenols. The direct use of mangosteen rind fraction in topical dosage formulations requires a delivery system that is good for supporting adsorption and percutaneous penetration. The delivery system that can be used is nanoemulsion with particle size <100 nm. This study aims to determine the stirring speed that meets the physical characteristics of nanoemulsion. The nanoemulsion of mangosteen rind fraction was made as much as 0.125%, using the Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) method with the formulation of Olive oil, PEG 400, and cremophore RH 40 which is 1:2:7. The stirring speed used in the optimization is 100 rpm, 300 rpm, and 500 rpm. The resulting nanoemulsion was then evaluated for physical stability, transmit percent, particle size, and zeta potential. The results of the analysis show that the stirring speed in the nanoemulsion system that meets the criteria is the speed of 300 rpm, and 500 rpm in 12 grams of nanoemulsion, with the results of successive physical characteristics ie no separation between the two phases, with the transmit percentagevalue 90.7±0.2 % and 91.7±0.4%, have particle sizes of 21.43 ±0.15 nm and 20.57 ± 0.26 nm, and potential zeta values of -4.02±0.30 mV and -5.55±0.97. The relationship between the stirring speed to the physical characteristics of nanoemulsion, where the increasing the stirring speed, the better the physical characteristics of nanoemulsion resulting from stability test, transmit percent, particle size, and zeta potential. Keywords: Fraction, Mangosteen, Nanoemulsion, SNEDDS, Stirring speed INTRODUCTIONMangosteen rind fraction contains polyphenols and flavonoids as many as 13% b / b (Kurniasari, 2018). According to Wijanti et al. (2018) research, mangosteen rind fraction has very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 10.71 µg/mL. The usage of mangosteen rind fraction in topical dosage formulations requires a proper delivery system to support adsorption and percutaneous penetration. Nanoemulsion is a water-oil dispersion that is stabilized by surfactant molecules which has a droplet globule size less than 100 nm (Pratiwi et al., 2016). Nanoemulsion has the advantage to dissolve lipophilic drugs, thereby increasing bioavailability, not irritating, and increasing stability to prevent creaming, flocculation, coalescence, and sedimentation (Fanun, 2010). Nanoemulsion is applied in a drug delivery system called Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) (Sokolov, 2014). The drug target is affected by the molecular particle size of the drug, therefore it is important to know the nanoemulsion particle size (Pinto et al., 2006) besides particle size will affect the physical characteristics of physical stability, clarity, and zeta value of potential nanoemulsion. As one of the parameter stirring speed plays a role in reducing particle size and homogenizing liquids in the process to create nanoemulsion. As a result of Increasing the stirring speed leads to increase number of collisions between particles which causes more particles to split up to
Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti et al / Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction 718| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 nanometer size (Gupta et al., 2010). Based on this, further research is required to determine effect on the stirring speed of the stirrer on the particle size of the nanoemulsion of the mangosteen rind fraction. Variations in the stirring speed of the stirrer used are 100, 300 and 500 rpm. Material � Mangosteen rind Fraction � Cremofor RH 40 (Asian Chemical) � PEG 400 (Asian Chemical) � Aqua Deion (Asian Chemical). Method The nanoemulsion was started by mixing the mangosteen rind fraction with a concentration of 0.125% b / b in olive oil and PEG 400 then stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes. Chremofor RH 40 was added a surfactant and stirred again with a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours. The mixture is placed in a sonicator. The mixture is then added with 10 grams of deion water, then stirred to form nanoemulsion. Made of three nanoemulsion formulas, namely nanoemulsion which is stirred at speeds of 100, 300, and 500 rpm. EVALUATION OF NANOEMULSION Physical Stability The physical stability of nanoemulsion was carried out by centrifugating the nanoemulsion of mangosteen rind fraction at a speed of 1200 rpm for 15 minutes then to be observed. Stable nanoemulsion can be observed with color, visual clarity and no separation between the two oil phases and the water phase (Rachmawati et al., 2014). Transmittance Percentage Observation of the clarity of the formed nanoemulsion can be done by measuring UV-Vis spectrophotometer by using the percentage of transmittance parameter at a wavelength of 650 nm with aqua deion as blank. Good nanoemulsion will have clear visuals with a transmittance percentage value of 90-100% (Costa et al., 2012). Zeta Potential The potential zeta is determined by electrophoretic light scattering, using the Zeta Sizer Nano Series (Malvern Instruments). One gram of nanoemulsion mangosteen rind fraction was dispersed in 5 ml of aqua deion and measured. Potential zeta values obtained as nanoemulsions are -30 mV to +30 mV (Kale and Deore, 2017). Particle Size of Nanoemulsion The nanoemulsion droplet size and polydispersity index were determined using the laser light scattering method using Zeta Sizer Nano Series (Malvern Instruments). The polydispersity index is a particle size distribution used to estimate the particle size distribution range in a sample. Good particle size distribution ranges from 0.01-0.7 (Wahyuningsih and Putranti., 2015). One gram of nanoemulsion mangosteen rind fraction was dispersed in 5 ml of aqua deion and measured. Droplet size testing was performed to see whether the nanoemulsion preparations produced had droplet sizes that met the nanoemulsion droplet size criteria of <100 nm (Pratiwi et al., 2016). RESULT AND DISCUSSIONTable 1: Effect of Speed Stirrer on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion Speed stirer Physical Stability % Transmittance Particle Size (nm) Zeta Potential (mV) 100 rpm Separate 89.933 ± 0.322 24.303 ± 0.050 -3.803 ± 0.353 300 rpm Not separate 90.700 ± 0.200 21.427 ± 0.152 -4.020 ± 0.308 500 rpm Not separate 91.700 ± 0.400 20.567 ± 0.259 -5.553 ± 0.966 Physical Stability The centrifugation test aims to observe the possibility of instability caused by gravity. The working principle of ultracentrifugation is the separation of particles based on molecular specific gravity by providing centrifugal force so that heavier particles will be at the bottom while lighter particles will be above (Zulfikar, 2008). Based on the results of the stability test by showing that there is no phase separation between the oil phase and the water phase in the
Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti et al / Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction 719| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 formula with a stirring speed of 300 rpm and 500 rpm, the formula with a stirring speed of 100 rpm can be indicated that there is a separation between the oil phase and the water phase. This shows that nanoemulsions with stirring speeds of 300 rpm and 500 rpm are more stable with no separation between the two oil and water phases. Transmittance Percentage Fig.1: Effect of stirring speed on the transmittance percentage of mangosteen fraction of nanoemulsion The percentage of transmittance measurement was carried out to measure the clarity of the nanoemulsion produced, if the yield of percentage transmittance was close to 100%, then the sample had clarity or transparency similar to water (Thakkar et al., 2011). Based on data from the percentage of transmittance test, shown that nanoemulsion F2 and F3 meet the range of transmittance values according to good nanoemulsion standards of 90-100%. Where F2 has a transmittance value of 90.700 ± 0.200 and F3 has a transmittance of 91.700 ± 0.400. But for F1 with a stirring speed of 100 rpm, it does not meet the range of the transmittance percentage value as nanoemulsion with the % transmittance value of 89.933 ± 0.322. Rendered by the particle size produced was greater so that the physical appearance of the nanoemulsion produced was not clear so that the resulting transmittance percentage value is low. Zeta Potential Fig.2: Effect of stirring speed on the zeta potential of mangosteen fraction of nanoemulsion The potential zeta test results showed that the three nanoemulsion formulas with variations in stirring speed of 100 rpm, 300 rpm, and 500 rpm respectively had a potential zeta value of -3.803 ± 0.353; -4.020 ± 0.308; -5.533 ± 0.966. From these data, the best nanoemulsion formula, F3 with a stirring speed of 500 rpm, yielding a potential zeta value of potential zeta -5.533 ± 0.966 and F2 with a stirring speed of 300 rpm obtained a potential zeta value of -4.020 ± 0.308, nearing -30 mV, causing a force reject between high particles so as to prevent instability in the nanoemulsion system compared to F1 with a stirring speed of 100 rpm resulting in a potential zeta tilapia which is quite low at -3.803 ± 0.353. Particle Size of Nanoemulsion Based on the results of particle size testing, it has been shown that the three nanoemulsion formulas with variations in stirring velocity namely F1, F2 and F3 had particle sizes of 24.303 ± 0.050; 21.427 ± 0.152; and 20.567 ± 0.259. This is in accordance with the research of Seberi et al (2013), stating that in the manufacture of nanoemulsion systems, the increasing the stirring speed of the stirrer, the smaller the particle size produced. Nanoemulsion has particle size diameters that spread domains ranging from 1-100 nm, usually 10-50 nm (Kale and Deore, 2017), so that nanoemulsions with variations in stirring speed 100 rpm, 300 rpm and 500 rpm have met nanoemulsion particle size criteria, namely <100 nm. The results of this study note that nanoemulsions with variations in stirring speeds of 100, 300 and 500 rpm have
Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti et al / Optimization of Stirring Speed on Physical Characteristics of Nanoemulsion on Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Fraction 720| International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research | Oct - Dec 2019 | Vol 11 | Issue 4 consecutive polydispersion index values of 0.420; 0.310; 0.300. This shows that the nanoemulsion produced has a fairly good homogeneity and level of particle size distribution. Fig.3: Effect of stirring speed on the droplets of the size of mangosteen fraction of nanoemulsion CONCLUSION Based on the results of the data it can be concluded that different variations in stirring speed produce different sizes of nanoemulsion particles. The nanoemulsion system that meets the criteria is the stirring speed of 300 rpm and 500 rpm. The particle size of nanoemulsion affects physical stability, percentagetransmittance, zeta potential, and particle size. REFERENCES 1. Costa, J.A., Lucas, E.F., Queirós, Y.G. and Mansur, C.R., 2012. Evaluation of nanoemulsions in the cleaning of polymeric resins. Colloids and
Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 415, pp.112-118. 2. Gupta, P.K., Pandit, J.K., Kumar, A., Swaroop, P. and Gupta, S., 2010. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology novel nanoemulsion-high energy emulsification preparation, evaluation and application. The Pharma Research, 3(3), pp.117-138. 3. Kale, S.N. and Deore, S.L., 2017. Emulsion micro emulsion and nano emulsion: a review. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 8(1), p.39. 4. Kurniasari, N.L.Y. (2018). Optimasi Jumlah Penjerapan Fraksi Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia
mangostana L.) Dalam Sistem Nanoemulsi dengan Metode SNEDDS (Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System). OJS, 2(1), 1-6. 5. Pratiwi, L., Fudholi, A., Martien, R. and Pramono, S., 2016. Design and optimization of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of ethyl acetate fraction from mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana, L.). Int J PharmTech Res, 9(6), pp.380-387. 6. Reis, C.P., Neufeld, R.J., Ribeiro, A.J. and Veiga, F., 2006. Nanoencapsulation I. Methods for preparation of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2(1), pp.8-21. 7. Adil f. Wali, ahlam mushtaq, muneeb u rehman, seema akbar, mubashir hussain masoodi (2017) bee propolis (bee’s glue): a phytochemistry review. Journal of Critical Reviews, 4 (4), 9-13. doi:10.22159/jcr.2017v4i4.20135 8. Saberi, A.H., Fang, Y. and McClements, D.J., 2014. Effect of salts on formation and stability of vitamin E-enriched mini-emulsions produced by spontaneous emulsification. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 62(46), pp.11246-11253. 9. PV Kamala Kumari, S Akhila, Y Srinivasa Rao and B. Rama Devi. "Alternative to Artificial Preservatives." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 10.1 (2019), 99-102. Print. doi:10.5530/srp.2019.1.17 10. Thakkar, H., Nangesh, J., Parmar, M. and Patel, D., 2011. Formulation and characterization of lipid-based drug delivery system of raloxifene-microemulsion and self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 3(3), p.442. 11. Wijayanti, N.P.A.D, A.A.G.R.Y. Putra, I.A.P Suryantari. (2018). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Menggunakan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Kimia, 12(1), 74-78. 12. Wahyuningsih, I. and Putranti, W., 2015. Optimasi Perbandingan Tween 80 dan Polietilenglikol 400 Pada Formula Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Minyak Biji Jinten Hitam. Pharmacy: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 12(02). 13. Novia, D., Amelia, S. and Ayuza, N.Z., 2011. Kajian suhu pengovenan terhadap kadar protein dan nilai organoleptik telur asin. Jurnal Peternakan, 8(2).
Optimization of Stirring Speed onPhysical Characteristics of
Nanoemulsion on MangosteenRind (Garcinia Mangostana L.)
Fractionby Dewi Wijayanti
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