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International Zinc Association
International Zinc Association
Outline
Zinc and Human Health
Zinc Nutrient Initiative
Zinc and Crops
IZA and Zinc
International Zinc Association
International Zinc Association
International Zinc Association
International Zinc Association
International Zinc Association
Main End Uses of Zinc Oxides & Chemicals
6%
Die Casting Alloys15%
Brass10%
Semis-Manufactured Products
6%
Galvanizing60%
Other3%
CRU/ILZSG 2017
International Zinc Association
Outline
Zinc and Human Health
Zinc Nutrient Initiative
Zinc and Crops
IZA and Zinc
International Zinc Association
Key Impacts of Hidden Hunger
• Micronutrient deficiencies account for ~ 7% of global disease burden
• 36 countries represent 90% of stunted children globally
• In these 36 countries, micronutrient deficiencies
cause 12% of life years lost (DALYs)
• Micronutrient deficiency results in a 2-3%
loss of global GDP
International Zinc Association
•
Zinc Deficiency… a Global Issue
2 BILLIONPeople worldwide who don’t get enough zinc
1.5 MILLION
Children who die each year from diarrhea
800,000People at risk of dying each year from zinc deficiency
450,000Children at risk of dying every year due to zinc deficiency
International Zinc Association
Effects of Human Zinc Deficiency
• Reduced growth
• Dermatitis, alopecia
• Neurological development
• Decreased immune function
• Infections
• Death
International Zinc Association
Zinc Health Initiatives• Zinc Saves Kids program
launched with UNICEF to reduce deficiency/mortality
• 4 million USD over past few years
• Program areas included Nepal, Peru and now Mexico
• IZA also partnered with Gates Foundation, UN Foundation and others to expand impact in other areas
• IZA Members have invested over 10 million in effort
International Zinc Association11
Zinc deficiency in Soil Links Directly
to Zinc Deficiency in Humans
Soils
Humans
Black et al, 2008
Alloway, 2008
International Zinc Association
Outline
Zinc and Human Health
Zinc Nutrient Initiative
Zinc and Crops
IZA and Zinc
International Zinc Association
Zn Deficiency in Soils/Crops
Occurs in 50% of the world’s agricultural soils
- FAO
Directly correlates to zinc deficiency in humans –especially in developing nations that rely on cereal crops
Can be corrected with a simple, sustainable solution
Moderate Zn deficiency
Widespread Zn deficiency
Is the most commonmicronutrient deficiency
Will prevent plants from reaching their full potential even if their macronutrient needs are met.
International Zinc Association
With Zinc…Without Zinc...
Wheat plantsCrops in Central Anatolia
Corn crops in Paraguay Rice Paddies in China
International Zinc Association
Zinc in Maize
International Zinc Association
Zinc Fertilizer Options
• Zinc can be added directly as ZnSO4 or ZnO• Bulk blended with fertilizers such as NPK, urea etc…• Chemically blended with fertilizers
International Zinc Association
NPK + Zn Fertilizers =
Increased Production
NPK+Zn showed the highest yield increase on experimental wheat crops in India, 20-50%
N
NP
NPK
NPK+Zn
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
GR
AIN
YIE
LD, T
HA
-1
FERTILIZER ADDED, KG HA-1
N:120P:60K:60
25 ZnSO4
International Zinc Association
Benefit:Cost Ratio of
Using Zinc
Zinc Grain Increases fromFertilizer Application (ZnSO4 kg/ha)
3437
26 27
35
40
28 28
37
44
34 34
4245
36 36
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Hebei (N1) HeBei (N2) Shaanxi(N1) Shaanxi(N2Zn10)
Control Zn15 Zn30 Zn45
Zn C
on
cen
trat
ion
s, m
g/kg
International Zinc Association
Micronutrients and human/animal health: A way out through soil-plant system
Zn content in animal serum samples (rats) as
influenced by Zn levels in grain
Soil Zn
status
(ppm)
Zn
content
in grain
(ppm)
Zn content (µg/ml) in blood
serum
(Days after feeding)
0 Days 50 days 75 days
Deficient
(0.35)32.9
24.3±2.
6
36.1±3.
437.7±2.2
Sufficient
(0.85 )45.3
24.5±2.
5
42.1±3.
944.4±1.8
(Shukla et al, 2014)
International Zinc Association
Nutritional Impact of Zinc Fertilizer Use
International Zinc Association
The message is clear…
International Zinc Association
Outline
Zinc and Human Health
Zinc Nutrient Initiative
Zinc and Crops
IZA and Zinc
International Zinc Association
Fertilizer Companies
Farmers
Governments
NGOs & Associations
IZA
ZNI Strategy
1) Identification of key
barriers/opportunities
2) Crop trials
3) Education/Training
4) Conferences/Workshops
5) Policy changes
6) Success through
partnerships
International Zinc Association
ZNI Activities
Mexico
DRC
Brazil
India
Bangladesh
China
Peru
Malawi
International Zinc Association
• IZA working with Ministry of Agriculture and FAI
• Zinc added to Nutrient Based Subsidy System…market responded
• 40 new blends of Zinc fertilizer products added
• Zinc fertilizer usage has increased 200% over past 6 years
• Zinc deficiency improved from 49% to 40%
India
International Zinc Association
• 50% of soils, 55% of people zinc deficient
• IZA-Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) Project on
“Promotion of Zinc Fertilizer Use in Bangladesh for Food and Nutrition
Security” initiated in 2016
• 11 crop trials, workshops and
communications in progress
Bangladesh Project
International Zinc Association
• 57% of population at risk for zinc deficiency
• Two programs funded by Lundin Foundation and MMG ($550,000 over 3 yrs)
• Focused on improving food & nutrition security with local farmers
• Initial results showing 27- 42%
increase in grain production
versus local practice
Democratic Republic of
the Congo
International Zinc Association
Malawi
• Collaboration with IZA, ILZSG, and Agricultural Institutions in
Africa (DARS, AICC, and CARS) – funding by Common Fund
for Commodities (United Nations) - $120,000 over 2 yrs
• Objective: improve yield and nutrition through increased
consumption of zinc fortified crops
• Yields increasing by as high as 58% per hectare; Zn in grain
increased 38%
Farmers showing their respective rates of yield increase with different percentages of zinc fertilizers during Zinc Awareness Day in Kasungu, Malawi.
International Zinc Association
• Joint program with Ministry of Agriculture and Teck
• Zinc added to national recommendation system in 2012
• 60% increase of Zn-containing fertilizer market
• Zinc being added to additional provincial fertilizer formulations and formula fertilizer production
CHINA
International Zinc Association
China: Impact on Nutrition
Joint Program in China with the Ministry
• Project has encouraged over 20 million farmers• 40 million tons of Zn-enriched grain• Improved nutrition for more than 200 million
people, including 40 million children
International Zinc Association
Progress is happening…
but more needs to be done.
International Zinc Association
Crop Sector Projects by World Bank
International Zinc Association
Is there an opportunity to add zinc to existing
or planned World Bank agricultural
activities?
International Zinc Association
SummaryAddressing zinc deficiency through fertilizers will:
• Increase crop productivity and food security
• Increase farmer’s incomes
• Improve nutrition security and human health
IZA willing to provide any assistance to World Bank
International Zinc Association
Thank You!
www.zinc.org/crops
For More Information:
agreen@zinc.org | www.zinc.org
Zinc Nutrient Initiative @ZincForCrops Zinc Nutrient Initiative
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