interpreting graphics

STUDY AND LIBRARY

SKILLS

Group 1 TCP

Diaz, Dean, Einosas, Montalvo,

Sabandal, Rollo, Seroma

HOW TO INTERPRET GRAPHICS

Graphics are illustrated visual forms that summarize information and identify through

words, symbols,, pictures, and drawings. Words and numbers are utilized to clarify the

meaning of drawings and visual symbols or to present quantitative information in

condensed form.

TYPES OF GRAPHIC MATERIALS

1.GRAPH

2.DIAGRAMS

3. CHARTS

4. MAPS

1.GRAPH- Useful in displaying data or information that changes continuously over time. The points on a line graph are connected by a line.Use to visualize a trend in data over intervals of time.

Common Types of Graph

a) Line Graph

b) Bar graph

c) Circle graph

d) Pictograph

a) Line Graph

- Useful in displaying data or information that changes continuously over time. The points on a line graph are connected by a line.

- Use to visualize a trend in data over intervals of time.

b) Bar Graph

– Is a graph that represents grouped data with rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values that they represent. The bars can be plotted vertically or horizontally.

– They make comparisons between different variables very easy to see.

– Heights of bars are particularly important since they give us information about specific data.

Imagine you just did a survey of your friends to find which kind of movie they liked best:Table: Favorite Type of MovieComedy Action Romance Drama SciFi4 5 6 1 4

c) Circle Graph

– best to use when you are trying to compare parts of a whole. They do not show changes over time.

– also called pie charts, are a type of graph used to represent a part to whole relationship.

– Properties of Circle Graphs:

* They are circular shaped graphs with the entire circle representing the whole.

* The circle is then split into parts, or sectors.

* Each sector represents a part of the whole.

* Each sector is proportional in size to the amount each sector represents, therefore it is easy to make generalizations and comparisons.

d) Pictograph

– uses pictures or symbols to represent an assigned amount of data.

– The key for a pictograph tells the number that each picture or symbol represents. A pictograph uses picture symbols to convey the meaning of statistical information.

– Pictographs are often used in writing and graphic systems in which the characters are to a considerable extent pictorial in appearance.

2.DIAGRAM – is are drawings made up of lines and symbols which show the relationships of parts of elements, steps of a process, or key features of an area. Drawing that illustrates or visually explains a thing or idea by outlining its component parts and the relationships among them.

Common Types of Diagram

a)TREE CHART

b) TIME LINE

c) TECHNICAL DIAGRAM

d) PROCESS DIAGRAM

a) Tree Chart - a way of representing the hierarchical nature of a structure in a graphical form.

b) Time Line- is a way of displaying a list of events in chronological order, sometimes described as a project artefact. [1] It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates alongside itself and usually events labelled on points where they would have happened

c) Technical Diagram- also known as drafting. Essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering. To make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout. Together, such conventions constitute a visual language, and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous and relatively easy to understand.

d) Process Diagram- . A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram commonly used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment.

3. CHARTS -are visuals that summarize data, explain a process, or describe a set of relationship.They consist of any combination of verbal and visual elements.

FREQUENTLY USED TYPES OF CHARTS

a) OUTLINE CHART

b) TABULAR CHART

c) FLOW CHART

d) ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

a)Outline Chart -An outline view shows the hierarchical structure of the document very clearly, as an indented outline. Outlines are best when you understand the structure of your information, and when it’s easy for you to put everything in its proper place.

b) Tabular Chart -tabular is arranged in a table, with rows and columns. Sports statistics are usually presented in a tabular format. 

c) Flow Chart - is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting them with arrows. This diagrammatic representation

illustrates a solution model to a given problem.

d) Organizational Chart -shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs.The organization chart is a diagram showing graphically the relation of one official to another, or others, of a company. It is also used to show the relation of one department to another, or others, or of one function of an organization to another, or others.

4. MAPS - Are flat representation of the earth geographical areas by means of scales and models.