intonation and information discourse and dialogue cs359 october 16, 2001
Post on 29-Dec-2015
214 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Intonation and Information
Discourse and Dialogue
CS359
October 16, 2001
Beyond Contrast
• Specific information conveyed by intonation– New information = H*– Contrastive Information= L+H*
• General, compositional analysis of intonation– Pitch accent– Phrase accent– Boundary tone
Questions
• What sorts of information, extractable by current text analysis, are useful in accent/tune assignment?
• Can contrastive pronouns be unstressed?• Why is relatively little known about H+L* accent?• Synthesis is interesting, but are there systems that make
use of pitch accent, phrasing, etc for recognition? What can they handle? How good are they?
Questions
• How do you evaluate synthesis systems? Speech recognition in general?
• The Bill/He contrasts could be recognized, but there’s nothing in the text or context to signal this. What sort of simple annotation is available to signal these facets?
• How universal/variable are these tune meanings?
Intonation & Information
• Intonational structure– Different domains of interpretation– Different information impact
• Indicates:– What speaker believes in mutually believed– What speaker wants to make mutually believed– How units are grouped for interpretation
Terminology
• Mutual belief:– I believe, You believe, I believe you believe,
You believe I believe, I believe you believe I believe, etc…….
• “Predicated”: – Add THIS to your set of beliefs..
Pitch Accent Meaning: H*
• All pitch accents indicate salience
• Different accents– Different mutual belief, different predication
• H*: New information to be added to beliefs– With: L-L%, “neutral declarative”– With: H-H%, “high-rise”, inform+confirm– With: H-L%: elaboration– Establish information as mutually believed
Pitch Accent Meaning: L*
• Salient, but not new predicated information– With H-H%, yes-no question; confirmation– With L-H%, SHOULD be mutually believed
– Cue phrases: “Now”,”Anyway”• L*: discourse structure, topic change
• H*/complex: Usual semantic meaning
Pitch Accent Meaning: L+H
• Salience of scale: Link to other salient items
• L*+H: Uncertainty – Esp. with respect to scale– Greater pitch range -> Incredulity– “Lack of predication with respect to scale
• L+H*:Salience of scale+new information– Contrastive
Pitch Accent Meaning: H+L
• New information+link by inference to MB
• H*+L:– Pedagogical: Link new to old, instructions– Calling
Phrase Accent Meaning
• H or L over intermediate phrase– Presence or absence of boundary
• H: No boundary, exhaustive list
• L: Boundary, not exhaustive
Boundary Tone Meaning
• Spans entire phrase/utterance
• Discourse segmentation– H%: “continuation-rise”
• Interpret WITH subsequent utterance
• Internal to discourse segment
– L%: Separate interpretation• Likely END discourse segment
Tone, Tune, and Information
• Pitch accents: Salience and information status– H*: New, predicated info– L*: Salience, nothing to add to beliefs
• Phrase accent, boundary tone:– H-,H%: Continuation, forward linkage– L-,L%: Separation, no linkage
top related