introduction to computers. pre-requisite of this course nothing design for the fresh students, who...

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

Pre-requisite of this course

Nothing

Design for the fresh students, who never heard about the computers.

Course Objectives

To give the basic information about computer system.

To give the knowledge about computer hardware and computer software.

Effective and Efficient use of Internet To familiarize students with the use of MS Windows. To familiarize students with the use of MS Office 2007. To give basic concepts of Operating system,

networking and databases.

Recommended Books

Microsoft Office 2010: Introductory Concepts and Techniques

Author : Shelly Vermaat

Introduction to computers Seventh Edition.

Author: Peter Norton

Lecture Handouts

LAB Manual

Software Needed for this course MS Windows 2007

MS Office 2007

Web Browser

Course Modules

This course includes four modules.

Basic concepts of Computer (Module I) MS Windows Vista (Module II) MS Office 2007 (Module III)

MS Word 2007MS Excel 2007MS Power point 2007

Internet (Module IV)

Introduction to Computer System

Computer’s Simple Definition

Computer is an electronic machine, that takes input, then processes and finally gives output.

Input - Process - Output

Computer is an electronic machine which converts data into information.

Data : Before processing Information : After Processing

Parts of Computer

Computer

Computer Basics

Hard ware Tangible / touchable components Body of the computer

Software Intangible components Soul of the computer

Parts of Computer

There are three Parts of computer, which are;

Input Parts:

Through which data is entered.

Processing Parts:

Through which input is converted into output.

Output Parts:

Through which we can see our required output.

Computer Basics

Hardware System Unit Input devices

Keyboard Mouse

Output devices (Display) Monitor LCD

Computer Basics

Processing devices CPU

Storage devices RAM Hard Disk Floppy or other removable Disks CD ROM / DVD ROM

System Unit

A metal case Houses the internal components of the

computers May be Desktop or Tower

Central Processing Unit (CPU) Brain of the CPU Performs calculations Plugs into the motherboard

Holds the internal circuitry of the computer and slots.

Keyboard

Primary input device Collection of number of special keys

Mouse

Pointing input device Actions

Click Double click Drag and drop

Computer Basics

Software System software

Provide interface between user and computer

Application software Software designed to perform a particular

task Utilities

Small programs

Pros and Cons of Computer

Pros of Computer:

Speed

Accuracy

Diligence

Powerful Memory

Communication

Pros and Cons of Computer

Cons of Computer

IQ (Intelligent Quotient)

Feeling

Violation of privacy

Impact on labor force

Health Risks

Computer Science & IT

Computer Technology

Hardware (Tangible parts of the

computer)

Software (Intangible parts of the

computer)

Information Technology

Computer Technology

Hardware

Software

Communication Technology

Transferring of SMS, MMS, voice, Pictures,

Video files and Audio files from on device

to another.

Classification of Computer According to Purpose

Special Purpose Computers General Purpose Computers

According to Size Micro Computers Mini Computers Main Frame Computers Super Computers

According to Function Analog Computers Digital Computers Hybrid Computers

Types of Micro Computers

Desktop Computers Workstations Notebook computers Tablet Computers Handheld Computers Smart Phones

Desktop computers

The most common type of computer Sits on the desk or floor Performs a variety of tasks

Workstations

Specialized computers Optimized for science or graphics More powerful than a desktop

Notebook computers

Small portable computers Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds About 8 ½ by 11 inches Typically as powerful as a desktop Also called Laptop

Tablet computers

Tablet computers Newest development in portable

computers Input is through a pen

Handheld computers

Very small computers Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) contact management Data can synchronize with a desktop

Smart phones

Hybrid of cell phone and PDA Web surfing, e-mail access

A smart phone isan Internet-enabled

telephone that usuallyprovides PDA capabilities

Computers in Society

Computers are widely used in Home Business Entertainment Communication Education Government organization Health care institutes etc

Information Processing Cycle Steps followed to process

data Input Processing Output Storage

Units of Data

1 Bit = 0, 1I Byte = 8 Bits1 KB = 1024 Bytes1 MB = 1024

KB1 GB = 1024 MB1 TB = 1024 GB

Conversion of different Units If we want to convert the lower unit

into upper unit then we have to apply the rule of division, other wise we have to apply the rule of multiplication.

Summary• Lower Unit To Upper Unit (Division)• Upper Unit to Lower Unit

(Multiplication)

Conversion Examples

Example No. 1:How many mega bytes (MB) are there in

2048 kilo Bytes (KB)?

Solution:2048 KB = ? MB2048 / 1024 = 2 MB

Conversion Examples

Example No. 2:How many kilo bytes are there in 2 megabytes?

Solution:2 MB = ? KB2 X 1024 = 2048 KB

Elements of Computer

Software Hardware

Types of Software

1. System Software2. Application Software

System Software

Operating System:It’s a resource manager. The bridgebetween the user and computer hardware. Utility Programs:It provide those services, which are notprovided by the operating system. Language Translators:It converts high level language into machinelanguage.

Operating System

Functions of Operating System• Booting• Provide User Interface• Task Management• File Management• Memory Management Types of Operating System• Single user single tasking operating system• Single user multi tasking operating system• Multi user multi tasking operating system• Multi-processing operating system

Utility Programs

Data Recovery Utility

Backup Utility

Defragmentation Utility

Data Compression Utility

Virus Protection Utility

Language Translators

Compiler

Interpreter

Assembler

Questions