introduction to sociology of education
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Introduction to Sociology of
Education
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Sociology
What is Sociology?
What is Education?
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Sociology Vs Psychology
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Relationship betweensociology and education?
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What science do
with sociology??
To explain why something happenTo make generalization: broader group or
situation
Look at patterns, recurring characteristics
and eventsPredict: future
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January 1798-September 1857
French
philosopher
Sociologys
daddy
Montpellier,South France
Positivism
Science of sociology should be based on
systematic observations and classification,the same principles that governed the
study of the natural sciences.
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Evolution=Darwin
Englishphilosopher
April 1820December 1903
Social evolution
There exist a gradual evolution of society from the
primitive to the industrial.
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May 1818March1883
May 1818March1883
Germanyphilosopher/revolution
ary socialist
Anticapitalist
All societies are made up of two basic classes that arein constant opposition those who own or control the
means of production and those who do not.
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April 1858 November 1917
Functionalism
French sociologist
Suicide
Societies were bound together by the commonlyshared beliefs and values of their members.
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sociologists should be value free, never allowingpersonal biases to influence either their research or
their conclusions
Germansociologist
April 1864 June1920
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In 1883, Lester Ward, an American, publishedDynamic SociologyIn this work he advocated social progress throughsocial action guided by sociologists
American
June 1841 April1913
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PARTICIPANTOBSERVATION
SURVEYS
SECONDANALYSIS
CONTROLLEDLABORATORY
STUDIES
CASE STUDIES
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PARTICIPANTOBSERVATION
One commonway to collect
data
The goal is togain a deep
understanding
Usuallysome sort ofsubculture
group
Researcherusuallylives withinthe group
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- Are very common in medical research andpsychology research
-to used this research method, it need twogroups such as:
@experiment group
@control group
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- most commonly used tool in sociologicalresearch
- this research method can be used whether in
form:
questionnaire interviewTelephone
poll
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Is the use of data that collected by someone elsefor some other purpose.
When using a secondary data in an analysis ,
some important thing that must be donebeforehand.
Such as become familiar with the data set..
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Sense in which virtually every activity that we
associate with sociology
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MAJOR THEORETICAL
PERSPECTIVES IN
SOCIOLOGY...
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Introduced by Emile Durkheim (1858-1917).
The various parts of society are
interdependent and functionally related toeach other.
These parts include groups, organizationsand institutions of society : family, religion,education, politics, economics and health.
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All parts complement each other, and theassumption is that a smooth-running, stablesystem is well integrated.
Functionalist see change in systems ashelping the system continually adapt to newcircumstances.
Change is seen as a slow, deliberate and planned processthat does not upset the balance of the system.
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Functional research concerns about thestructure and functioning of the organizations.
But, functionalism has several problems.
I. Fails to recognize divergentinterests, ideologies and
conflicting group values.
II. Difficulty of analyzinginteractions.
III. Built-in assumption in
functional theory regardingchange.
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Groups in society are always competing witheach other in order to achieve their goals.
Havens and have-nots
Assumes a tension in society and its partscreated by the competing interests ofindividuals and groups.
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Bourgeois - the wealthy,
powerful people who own thefactories, the farmland, and justabout everything else.
Proletariat - the people who dont ownmuch and are forced to work for the
bourgeois to feed their families.
C fli t
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Social system are unstable due to this power
conflict and are likely to change rapidly.
Conflict
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1) Focuses on individuals in interaction with each other ( micro-level).
2) Those with the same culture interpret and define social situations
similarly thus creating norm.
Labeling
theory
Rational choice
theory
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