ios ecosystem

Pragma Night @ Talent Garden

iOS Ecosystem

Matteo Battaglio

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1giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Why iOS?

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2giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #1: NumbersThe size of the mobile market is huge,

and growing exponentially

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3giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #1: NumbersApple keeps holding a significant shareof the market, with a positive outlook

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4giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #2: Consistency

• The iOS platform is highly consistent

• Just 3 different device families (iPhone, iPad, iPod)

• they target the high-end market

• the minimum set of features and APIs available to all is well known

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5giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #2: ConsistencyMore than 80% of devices already run iOS 6

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6giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #3: Environment

• 500+ milion iTunes accounts, with credit card

• the iOS customer is much more willing to pay than other platforms’ customer

Apple’s mission:create an environment around the user, not just sell products

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7giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #3: Environment

• Apple’s highly-controlled environment limits unwanted phenomenons

• piracy

• fraudulent apps

• crappy apps

• Developers are less threatened than other platforms’ developers

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8giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #4: Resources

• iOS frameworks and APIs are of first-class quality

• The documentation is structured and exhaustive

• Lots of books, articles, videos and tutorials

• High-quality developer community

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9giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #4: Resources

• Development tools by Apple

• Xcode is a full featured IDE

• Interface Builder is great for designing user interfaces

• Debugger and profiler make it easy to find anomalies

• iOS Simulator is super fast

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10giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #5: Fun!

• iOS devices are equipped with all sorts of sensors

• their computational power is enough even for the more advanced tasks

• always connected to the Internet

There is no limit to the imagination!

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11giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Reason #5: Fun!

Most popular app categories

1. Games ~ 140000 active apps @ $0.89 avg.2. Education ~ 90000 active apps3. Entertainment ~ 75000 active apps4. Lifestyle ~ 70000 active apps5. Books ~ 55000 active apps

@ $1.56 avg.

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12giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Drawbacks

• Not-so-cheap hardware

• iOS-dedicated events almost absent

• Dependance upon a single company and its decisions (non disclosure agreements, Xcode and SDK update policies, etc)

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13giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Hidden complexity

• iPhone

• iPad

• iPod

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Just 3 different devices?

14giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Devices

iPhone 3GS

iPhone 4

iPhone 4s

iPhone 5

iPod 4th

iPod 5th

iPad 2

iPad 3

iPad 4

iPad Mini

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15giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Display

iPhone 3GS iPhone 4 / 4SiPod 4th gen

iPhone 5 iPod 5th gen

320x480 px 640x480 px 640x1136 px

116 ppi 326 ppi 332 ppi

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16giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Display

iPad 1 / 2 iPad 3 / 4 iPad mini

1024x768 px 2048x1536 px 1024x768 px

132 dpi 264 dpi 162 dpi

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17giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Processor / RAM

ARMv7ARMv7ARMv7ARMv7 ARMv7sARMv7s

1 GB iPad 3 iPhone 5 iPad 4

512 MB iPhone 4iPhone 4S

iPad 2iPod 5th

256 MB iPhone 3GsiPod 3rd

iPad 1iPod 4th

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18giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Device Specs

• GSM Arenahttp://www.gsmarena.com/apple-phones-48.php

• The iPhoneWikihttp://theiphonewiki.com/wiki/

• iPhone Dev Wikihttp://iphonedevwiki.net/index.php/Main_Page

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19giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Requirements

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20giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Phisical requirements

• A Mac (iMac, Mac mini, MacBook family)

• OS X (10.7+)

• Xcode (4.0+)

• An iOS device (not mandatory, but recommended)

• The iOS Simulator can’t be used to simulate some features (e.g. push notifications, in-app purchases)

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21giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Skill requirements

• Object Oriented Programming

• C language

• Objective-C language & iOS SDK

• Apple guidelines

• Provisioning procedures

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22giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Membership requirements

• Apple ID (free)

• Apple Developer Program (ADP) subscription

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Apple Developer Program

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Apple Developer Program

Name Price Deployment

iOS Developer Program $99/year App Store / 100 devices

iOS Developer Enterprise Program $299/year NO App Store / ∞ devices

iOS Developer University Program free NO App Store / 200 people

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Developer Programs

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ADP Sections• Member Center

• manage users

• ADP subscription and renewal

• iOS Provisioning Portal

• development and distribution certificates

• adding and removing devices

• iTunes Connect

• app submissions

• tracking sales and trends

• handling payments

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26giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Concepts

• Certificateunivocally identifies an actor

• DeviceDevices must be enabled for testing

• App IDUnique identifier for the app

• Provisioning profileAsset which encloses the three concepts above

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27giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Certificates

• Development CertificateEach person in the team has his own

• Distribution CertificateThere’s one for the whole company (or single developer)

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28giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Devices

• Purposedevices are used during development and testing

• Name + UDIDUnique Device IDentifier, 40 char-long stringe.g. 67a43b0925c7a8050ad788591ace81d1bda81bed

• Limits

1. The ADP allows for a maximum of 100 devices

2. A device can’t be removed from the list until the next renewal of the subscription

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29giovedì 28 marzo 13

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App IDs

• Bundle Identifierunique identifier for the app

• Reverse domain namee.g. com.mycompany.BestAppEver

• Wildcard charactere.g. com.mycompany.*

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30giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Provisioning Profile

• What is it?it’s a resource (a file) which bundles the App ID, the device list and the certificates of the developers of the team

• What does it provide?it is bundled with the app and is used to authorize the execution of the app on the devices and its deployment and distribution

• How long does it last?It is valid for one year, after which it must be renewed

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31giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Provisioning Profile

•Development Provisioning Profile

‣ App ID ‣ (Development) certificate list‣ Device list

•Distribution Provisioning Profile

‣ Distribution method (App Store or AdHoc)‣ App ID‣ (Distribution) certificate‣ Device list (only in case of AdHoc deployment)

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32giovedì 28 marzo 13

Step by step

MMADP $$ Certificates

MDistributionCertificate

DevelopmentCertificates O

MMTeam Devices

MDevicesCustomers OMM

M M

New APP App ID Provisioning OMM

Xcode Install Build & sign

33giovedì 28 marzo 13

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SDK

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34giovedì 28 marzo 13

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iOS

• Mobile operating systemARM architecture, multitasking, Cocoa Touch, multi-touch GUI

• Kernel XNU (like MAC OS X)Originally developed by NeXT for the NeXTSTEP OS, it is a hybrid kernel combining Mach and BSD components, and an object-oriented API for drivers

• Initially known as iPhone OS

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35giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Cocoa Touch frameworks

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UIKit

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iOS SDK

• Libraries and development tools

• First release in March 2008

• Side by side with Xcode e Mac OS

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37giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Tools

• XcodeThe natural environment for app development

• iOS SimulatorThe handy way of running and testing apps

• InstrumentsThe perfect tool for code analysis and profiling

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38giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Xcode

• Integrated Development Environment

• Objective-C / Objective-C++ / C++ / C

• LLVM and GCC compilers and debuggers

• Interface Builder

• Source Control (Subversion / Git)

• Apple’s developer documentation

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39giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Simulator

• iPhone / iPhone Retina (3.5” / 4”) / iPad / iPad Retina

• Gestures, Orientation change, Memory Warnings

• GPS (iOS 5+ Simulator)

• Apps: Safari, Photos, Contacts, Settings, Game Center, News Stand

• Fast! (It’s x86 and runs x86 apps, no ARM emulation)

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40giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Instruments

• Application performance analyzer and visualizer

• Integrated with Xcode

• Tracks user events, CPU activity, memory allocations, releases and leaks, file I/O, network activity, graphics and OpenGL

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41giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Resources

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42giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Resources

• Events

• Videos

• Books

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43giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Events

• Apple WWDC

• Apple Tech Talk World Tour

• NSConference

• Pragma mark :)

http://lanyrd.com/topics/ios/

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44giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Videos

• NSScreencast.com

• WWDC 2010 / 2011 / 2012 (ADP members only)

• iOS Development Videos (ADP members only)

• Lynda.com

• iDeveloper.tv

• Udemy.com

• University courses on iOS (published on iTunes U)

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45giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Books

• Programming in Objective-C

• Cocoa Design Patterns

• Pro Multithreading and Memory Management for iOS and Mac OS X

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46giovedì 28 marzo 13

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Thank You!

matteo.battaglio@pragmamark.org

47giovedì 28 marzo 13