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Islamic Arts
Principal Arts
Arts of the ObjectCeramicsMetalworkGlassWoodworkTextiles
ArchitectureTombsMosques
The Arts of the BookCalligraphyIllustration
Arts of the Object
Main Styles of Islamic Art
Geometric CalligraphicOrganic/FiguralMedallions
Geometric
Based on mathematical shapes
Calligraphic
Uses Arabic script as the focal point of a design
Marble foundation stone from Egypt
Organic/Figural
Identified by:Curving
linesHumans or
animalFlowers or
vines
Medallion
Central image that is more important than other elements of the design
Pop Quiz
Identify the Style
Which Style?
Geometric
Which Style?
Organic/FiguralCan you see the
bird?
Which Style?
Medallion Style
Which Style?
Calligraphic“Science, its taste
is bitter at the beginning but, at the end, sweeter than honey.”
Arabo-Andalusian Music
What to listen for: Timbre
Lute Improvisation Microtones
Quarter step above the previous note
Arabic music has 17 notes
Meter/Tempo
Lute
Architecture
Petra
Rock Tomb Hellenistic
similarities What movie?
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
Frontal view of the Khaznet-Fir`awn (the Treasury of Pharoah), a second century A.D. rock tomb in Petra.
Three Styles of Mosques
Hypostyle Mosque
Prayer hall is formed of rows of columns
Usually multiple columns vertically
Dominant style in the early period Hypostyle Hall of the
Mosque of the Umayyad, Damascus
Central-Dome Mosque
Prayer hall's space is dominated by a central dome surrounded by smaller and lower semi-domes.
The Selimiyye Mosque in Edirne
Iwan Mosque
Prayer hall is an iwan, or up to four iwans, surrounding a courtyard.
Most popular type in the medieval period
Two of the Four Iwan of the Friday Mosque in Isfahan
Minaret, a tower from which criers call the prayers.
The Dome of the Rock(Qubbat al-Sakhra)
The Dome of the Rock(Qubbat al-Sakhra)
View of the interior of the Dome of the Rock, showing the inner ambulatory arcade.
Ka'ba in MeccaMasjid al-Haram
Center of worship and pilgrimage
The qibla towards which worshippers face when praying.
Arts of the Book
Calligraphy
Calligraphy – beautiful writingThe most revered form of artistic
expression in the Islamic worldWord of God in visual form
Characteristics of Calligraphy
Earliest form of Arabic script was called Kufic script.
• Pages from the Koran, Syria or Iraq. 9th century
• Ink, pigments, and gold on vellum, 8” x 11 ½”
Qur'an (Koran)
The red dots above and below the letters indicate accents
The medallion in the margin signifies a text division
Illustrations
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